| 新疆沙尘天气的演化特征及影响因子 |
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| 引用本文： | 马禹,王旭,黄镇,陈春艳.新疆沙尘天气的演化特征及影响因子[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(2):178-185. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马禹 王旭 黄镇 陈春艳 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆环境气象中心,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830002 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用1961-2003年新疆90个气象站地面观测资料,分析了新疆沙尘天气的空间分布特征及演变规律,并构建多元线性回归沙尘因子模型,探讨了气温、气温日较差、气压、平均风速、降水量对沙尘天气的影响程度.新疆沙尘天气的高发区在塔克拉玛干沙漠及南缘,年沙尘日数南疆是北疆的7倍.沙尘天气的高发时段在3～9月,43年内呈明显递减趋势.北疆、南疆沙尘天气的历史演变有着较好的10～15年和8～10年的振荡周期.北疆沙尘天气的主要影响因子是平均风速和气温日较差、降水量,春季明显受气温和平均风速的影响,夏季主要受平均风速和气温日较差的影响.南疆平均风速和降水量的影响占主导地位,春季气温日较差的影响也比较显著.另外,南疆春季沙尘天气对日照时数有着显著的影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 沙尘天气 变化趋势 周期分析 影响因子 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-6060（2006）02-0178-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-09-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-01-12 |
Change in space-time distribution of sand-dust and influence of climatic Factors |
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| MA Yu,WANG Xu,HUANG Zhen,CHEN Chun-yan.Change in space-time distribution of sand-dust and influence of climatic Factors[J].Arid Land Geography,2006,29(2):178-185. |
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| Authors: | MA Yu WANG Xu HUANG Zhen CHEN Chun-yan |
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| Institution: | Xinjiang Center of Environmental Meteorology, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the surface observation data at 90 meteorological stations in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2003, and building linear multi - regression of monthly sand - dust factors model, characteristic and tendency of days with sand- dust and influence of climatic factors, such as air temperature, daily range of air temperature, pressure, average wind speed and precipitation, were analyzed. The results show that the most frequent region of sand dust is in the Taklimakan Desert and its southern verge, and more frequent period is from April to September, annual days with sand - dust in South Xinjiang is seven times as many as that in North Xinjiang. Days with sand -dust had been fluctuant decreasing, and had a 10 - 15 years variation period in North Xinjiang and 8 - 10 years in South Xinjiang during 1961 - 2003. In North Xinjiang, effects of average wind speed, daily range of air temperature and precipitation on sand- dust are obviously strong, air temperature and average wind speed had an obvious impact on sand - dust in spring, and average wind speed and daily range of air temperature in summer. Influences of wind speed and precipitation on sand - dust were primacy, and daily range of air temperature had a palpable effect in South Xinjiang. Otherwise, days with sand - dust had an important influence upon sunshine durations in spring. |
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| Keywords: | sand - dust variation tendency period analysis influence factors |
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