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| 祁连山东段山地景观格局变化及其生态脆弱性分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 刘晶,刘学录,侯莉敏.祁连山东段山地景观格局变化及其生态脆弱性分析[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(5):795-805. |
| 作者姓名： | 刘晶 刘学录 侯莉敏 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州,730070 2. 河南科技大学艺术与设计学院,河南洛阳,471003 |
| 摘 要： | 以RS和GIS技术为主要手段，分析了祁连山东段地区1994-2008年的景观格局变化及其生态脆弱性。结果表明：（1）与1994年相比，森林、草地、冰雪带、水域4种景观要素的面积分别减少了5.0%、2.0%、2.2%、2.0%，而灌木和裸地的面积则分别增加了6.8%、5.0%；灌木、草地、冰雪带和裸地景观要素的平均斑块面积分别增加了49.0%、19.0%、1.1%、436.6%，森林和水域平均斑块面积分别减小了9.6%和4.1%。（2）森林、草地、冰雪带、水域4种景观要素的平均最邻近距离增加，聚集度降低，各景观要素内部斑块之间聚集度减小。灌木与森林景观要素之间的空间邻接长度增加了3 867 km，裸地与其他景观要素之间的空间邻接长度增加了5 589 km，嵌缀在其他各种景观要素中的裸地小斑块逐渐融合成大斑块。（3）景观类型脆弱度指数与破碎度指数之间显著正相关，分维数倒数、分离度指数和沙化敏感性指数与景观类型脆弱度指数呈弱度正相关。祁连山东段地区森林和草地退化，面积萎缩、水域干涸，裸地面积增加，各景观要素的空间关系趋于简单，景观破碎化增加。人类活动所引起的景观破碎化是祁连山东段地区景观格局和景观脆弱性变化的决定性因素。 |
| 关 键 词： | 景观格局 生态脆弱性 祁连山 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-01-06; |
Changes and ecological vulnerability of landscape pattern in Eastern Qilian Mountain |
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| LIU Jing , LIU Xue-lu , HOU Li-min.Changes and ecological vulnerability of landscape pattern in Eastern Qilian Mountain[J].Arid Land Geography,2012,35(5):795-805. | |
| Authors: | LIU Jing LIU Xue-lu HOU Li-min |
| Institution: | 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu，China; 2 The School of Art &; Design, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan，China |
| Abstract: | Based on the techniques of RS &;GIS and methods of the landscape ecology, the changes and ecological vulnerability of landscape patterns in the eastern Qilian Mountains were analyzed from 1994 to 2008 in this paper. The results show as follows：2008 compared with 1994, total landscape areas of forest, grassland, glacier and water bodies were reduced by 5.0%, 2.0%, 2.2% and 2.0%, but those of shrubs and bare lands increased by6.82% and 4.97%, respectively. Mean patch areas of shrub, grassland, glacier and bare landscape elements were increased by 49.0%, 19.0%, 1.1% and 436.6%, but those of forest and water were decreased by 9.62% and 4.12%, respectively. Meanwhile, average maximum adjacent landscape elements’ distances of forest, grassland, glacier and water bodies increased, but their contiguity reduced, and also the landscape elements contagion of internal plaque reduced. The spatial adjacent length between bush and forest landscape elements increased by 3 867 km. The spatial adjacent length of bare lands to other landscape elements increased by 5 589 km and small bare patches gradually merged into the other bigger landscape elements. In addition, landscape type ecological vulnerability index and fragmentation index were positively correlated. Our results indicate that the forest and grassland degenerated and its area decreased, water bodies dried, bare lands increased and the landscape elements of space relations were becoming simple with an increase in landscape fragmentation in the east Qilian Mountains. From the results, the areas of forest and grassland decreased due to degradation which leads to an increase in bare lands. These changes in landscape pattern and vulnerability can be attributed to human activities in the eastern Qilian Mountains. |
| Keywords: | landscape pattern Ecological vulnerability Qilian Mountains |
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