| 绿色空间对休闲性体力活动影响的社区分异 ——以广州市为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 戴颖宜,朱战强,周素红.绿色空间对休闲性体力活动影响的社区分异 ——以广州市为例[J].热带地理,2019,39(2):237-246. |
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| 作者姓名： | 戴颖宜 朱战强 周素红 |
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| 作者单位： | （1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院//广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室，广州 510275； 2. 广东省公共安全与灾害工程技术研究中心，广州 510275） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41401166、41871148）；广东省自然科学基金（2017A030313228） |
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| 摘 要： | 以广州市20个典型社区为例，构建多元线性回归模型，探讨了绿色空间对居民休闲性体力活动的影响，并剖析绿色空间对不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动影响的作用机制。结果发现：1）不同类型社区居民的休闲性体力活动水平存在明显差异，低档社区的为782.99 MET-min/w，中档社区的为871.70 MET-min/w，高档社区的为1 227.91 MET-min/w；2）影响不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动水平的绿色空间因素有所不同，低档社区、中档社区和高档社区的显著因子分别为“到最近公园广场距离”“邻里绿化覆盖率”和“健身活动设施数量”；3）绿色空间对休闲性体力活动水平影响的作用机制存在社区差异，低档社区居民休闲性体力活动主要受到成本作用的约束，中档社区居民主要受绿化环境作用影响，而高档社区居民主要受机会作用影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 休闲性体力活动 绿色空间 社区分异 广州 |
The Effects of Green Space on Leisure Time Physical Activities from the Perspective of Community Differentiation: A Case Study of Guangzhou,China |
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| Dai Yingyi,Zhu Zhanqiang and Zhou Suhong.The Effects of Green Space on Leisure Time Physical Activities from the Perspective of Community Differentiation: A Case Study of Guangzhou,China[J].Tropical Geography,2019,39(2):237-246. |
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| Authors: | Dai Yingyi Zhu Zhanqiang and Zhou Suhong |
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| Institution: | (1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University//Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Guangzhou 510275, China; 2. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou 510275, China) |
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| Abstract: | The continuous development of the social economy has provided us with a modern and intelligent lifestyle, which may also increase citizens’ sedentary behaviors. How to improve citizens’ leisure time physical activities and public health at a country level has become a popular issue in recent years. Previous studies suggested that enhancing individual access to green spaces is a vital strategy to encourage leisure time physical activities. The imbalance between the supply and demand of green spaces may lead to environmental and health injustice problems. However, there is a lack of studies on the different spatial dimensions, when residents are considered, in homogeneous groups as a community, especially regarding various settling modes in China. Thus, it is of great significance to study the relationship between green space and leisure time physical activities from the perspective of community differentiation. This study used 776 effective samples (n=1 029) from 20 selected communities in Guangzhou. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the impact factors and underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrate that the residents’ leisure time physical activities have notable differences according to the type of community. That is, the residents’ average values of low-grade, middle-grade and high-grade communities were 782.99 MET-min/w, 871.70 MET-min/w, and 1 227.91 MET-min/w, respectively. Therefore, attention should be paid to these differences. The multiple linear regression model also illustrated that the significant factors that affect the leisure time physical activity levels in green spaces for the sample include “distance to the nearest park or square,” “neighborhood green coverage rate,” and “number of fitness facilities.” However, the significant factors vary at the level of community types. The influential factor of low-grade communities that impact residents’ leisure time physical activities is “distance to the nearest park or square,” for middle-grade communities it is “neighborhood green coverage rate,” while for high-grade communities it is “number of fitness facilities.” From the standpoint of mechanisms, time and monetary costs are the main elements that constrained residents of low-grade communities away from leisure time physical activities, which forced them to choose light-intensity leisure time physical activities such as walking, as their main fitness activity. Neighboring parks or squares undoubtedly are the first choice for these residents. Due to the imbalance between supply and demand in neighborhood greening, a green environment is the main element that affected residents of middle-grade communities, and the fitness opportunities are the main element that affected residents of high-grade communities. The well-equipped fitness facilities around high-grade communities provide these residents with ample opportunities to engage in leisure time physical activities, which makes their leisure time physical activity level far higher than the other two types of communities. To some extent, these findings expose the maladies caused by market-oriented residential space differentiation and the existing problems of green space planning. This study could provide a reference for the optimization of green space distribution and maintenance of social space justice, encouraging residents to participate in leisure time physical activities so as to improve public health. |
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| Keywords: | leisure time physical activity green space community differentiation Guangzhou |
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