| 家庭视角的流动人口城市定居意愿及其影响机制 ——基于中国8个城市的实证分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈宏胜,王兴平,刘晔,李志刚.家庭视角的流动人口城市定居意愿及其影响机制 ——基于中国8个城市的实证分析[J].热带地理,2019,39(1):58-68. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈宏胜 王兴平 刘晔 李志刚 |
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| 作者单位： | （1. 东南大学 建筑学院，南京 210096；2. 中山大学 地理科学与规划学院，广州510275；3. 武汉大学 城市设计学院，武汉 430072） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41422103、41771167）；高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室（同济大学）开放课题资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用了8个具有代表性城市的抽样调查数据，基于家庭视角对流动人口家庭城市定居意愿及其影响因素进行研究。通过从长期居住打算、社会保障、社会认同、家庭迁移、户口迁移等方面构建家庭城市定居意愿指数（FSI），研究发现：武汉、无锡、苏州、西安的流动人口家庭城市定居意愿较高，上海处于中间水平，而泉州、长沙和咸阳的流动人口的家庭城市定居意愿较低。采用回归分析发现：不同城市流动人口定居意愿的影响因素存在一定差异，但家庭因素的影响具有一致性，呈现所在城市越有利于对其家庭成员的照顾和发展，流动人口家庭城市定居意愿则越强烈的特征。最后，提出创建“家庭友好型”的城乡发展新秩序，实现流动人口家庭城市定居和发展，提升人口城市化质量。
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| 关 键 词： | 家庭 定居意愿 流动人口 城市化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-09-12 |
Urban Settlement Intention and Its Influencing Mechanism of Floating Population with Low Education Levels from Household Perspective: A Case Study of Eight Cities in China |
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| Chen Hongsheng,Wang Xingping,Liu Ye and Li Zhigang.Urban Settlement Intention and Its Influencing Mechanism of Floating Population with Low Education Levels from Household Perspective: A Case Study of Eight Cities in China[J].Tropical Geography,2019,39(1):58-68. |
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| Authors: | Chen Hongsheng Wang Xingping Liu Ye and Li Zhigang |
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| Institution: | (1. School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; 2. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; 3. School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China) |
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| Abstract: | In the 40 years since the reform and opening up, the urbanization rate of China’s population has increased substantially, and the pattern of population mobility has also changed from individual mobility to family migration. However, most of the existing studies are based on individual dimensions to analyze the settlement willingness of China’s floating population, and less from the family dimension. In the context of the pursuit of highly educated and highly skilled personnel in China’s big cities, the family development of low-education migrants is easily overlooked. This paper uses sample survey data of eight representative cities to study the willingness of migrant families and their influencing factors based on family perspective. By constructing the Family Settlement Index (FSI) from long-term residential plan, social security, social identification, family migration, and household registration (hukou), this study found that migrant families in Wuhan, Wuxi, Suzhou, and Xi'an have higher willingness to settle in cities. Shanghai is at an intermediate level, while the floating population of Quanzhou, Changsha and Xianyang has a lower willingness to settle. Using regression analysis, it is found that the households’ willingness to settle in the third-tier cities is significantly lower than that of the first-tier cities; the higher the per capita GDP and the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP, the higher the willingness of migrant families to settle. Among the urban social factors, if the city is convenient for migrants to take care of family members and children to obtain better education, the higher the willingness of migrant families to settle in cities. Consistent with existing research, the longer the residence time and the shorter the flow distance, the higher the willingness of the floating population to settle in the city. Among the rural factors, the amount of money returned to the hometown and the household expenses of the home have a negative effect on the willingness of the floating population to settle in the city. In short, there are some differences in the factors affecting the settlement willingness of migrants in different cities, but the influence of family factors is consistent, showing that the city is more conducive to the care and development of its family members, and the stronger the willingness of migrant families to settle in the city. Compared with the existing research that measures the willingness to settle by a single variable, this study comprehensively constructs the family settlement index of the floating population from the family perspective, and more accurately assesses the willingness of the floating population to settle in the city. In terms of analytical methods, this study used a multilevel regression analysis method to analyze the correlation between “city-family settlement” and explore the inter-city differences in the impact mechanism of floating population family settlement willingness. This study empirically explains the impact of China’s urbanization process on the urbanization of vulnerable migrant families, and is of great significance for understanding the social effects of China’s urbanization process. Finally, at the policy level, this paper proposes to create a “family-friendly” new urban-rural development order to achieve the settlement and development of migrant families, which is an important part of improving the quality of population urbanization. |
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| Keywords: | household settlement intention floating population urbanization |
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