| 客家文化景观基因特征 ——以湖南省炎陵县为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹帅强,邓运员,杨载田,何清华,李敏.客家文化景观基因特征 ——以湖南省炎陵县为例[J].热带地理,2014,34(6):831-841. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹帅强 邓运员 杨载田 何清华 李敏 |
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| 作者单位： | （1．衡阳师范学院 “古村古镇文化遗产数字化传承”湖南省协同创新中心，湖南 衡阳 421002； 2．云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院，昆明 650000） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41171122)；教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(10YJAZH015)；湖南省自然科学创新研究群体基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以中国南方山丘区具有代表性的客家文化聚居区--炎陵县为例，采用客家文化景观基因的特征提取技术，从民居建筑、传统习俗、地方方言、宗法制度、民间信仰5个角度，提取了炎陵县客家文化景观基因的特征。研究结果表明：1）该县客家人以开放性“围堡式”的血缘宗族聚居模式，与畲、黎、瑶等少数民族通婚繁衍在山丘区的山谷地带；在“入乡随俗”谋求生存发展的环境中，某些方面已适应当地习俗，但仍保留了基本的客家精神及风俗；并以当地炎帝神农文化为主要文化参照，形成了独具炎陵县特色的客家文化。2）该县客家文化的景观基因在不同发生发展过程中有着衣、食、住、行、商等物质性方面的表达载体和地方语言、宗法制度、民间信仰、民情风俗、文化艺术等非物质性方面的表达形式。
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| 关 键 词： | 客家文化 客家扩展聚居区 景观基因 特征提取 炎陵县 |
Genetic Characteristics of Hakka Cultural Landscape:A Case Study of Yanling,Hunan |
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| CAO Shuaiqiang,DENG Yunyuan,YANG Zaitian,HE Qinghua,LI Min.Genetic Characteristics of Hakka Cultural Landscape:A Case Study of Yanling,Hunan[J].Tropical Geography,2014,34(6):831-841. |
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| Authors: | CAO Shuaiqiang DENG Yunyuan YANG Zaitian HE Qinghua LI Min |
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| Institution: | （1．Cooperative Innovation Center for Digitalization of Cultural Heritage in Traditional Villages and Towns，Hengyang Normal University， Hengyang 421008，China；2．Institute of International Rivers and ecological safety，Yunnan University，Kunming 650000，China） |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, a representative Hakka settlement in extended hilly area of southern China-Yanling County in Hunan, is taken as an example to extract gene features of Hakka cultural landscape by using feature extraction technology from the angles of residential buildings, traditions and customs, local dialects, patriarchal system, and folk beliefs. The results show that: 1) The residence of the Hakkas in Yanling county is open castle of clan with blood relationship, where the residents may have intermarriage relation with local ethnic minorities such as She, Li, and Yao, as the Hakka ancestors needed to seek survival and development environment and adapt themselves to local conditions when they migrated into a new area. But the Yanling Hakkas still basically retain their own spirit and custom, and take Shennong culture of Yan Emperor as their cultural reference, forming a unique Yanling Hakka culture. 2) In different development courses the landscape gene of Yanling Hakka culture has its tangible expression vectors such as clothing, food, residence, means of traveling and trading, as well as its intangible expression vectors such as local language, patriarchal system, folk beliefs, local customs, and culture and art. |
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| Keywords: | Hakka culture Hakka extended neighborhoods landscape gene feature extraction Yanling County |
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