| 城市开发区工业企业的碳排放效率比较
——以南京江宁经济技术开发区为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘英,赵荣钦,张战平,丁明磊,焦士兴.城市开发区工业企业的碳排放效率比较
——以南京江宁经济技术开发区为例[J].热带地理,2018,38(1):103-111. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘英 赵荣钦 张战平 丁明磊 焦士兴 |
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| 作者单位： | （1．郑州航空工业管理学院 土木建筑工程学院，郑州 450046；2．华北水利水电大学 资源与环境学院，郑州 450045；
3．安阳师范学院 资源环境与旅游学院，河南 安阳 455002） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金“城市典型产业空间的碳排放强度与碳代谢效率研究”（41301633）；2017年度教育部人文社科项目“基于碳排放综合绩效的企业碳配额分配研究”（17YJCZH257） |
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| 摘 要： | 以南京市江宁经济技术开发区为例，基于199家企业样本，采用碳排放强度、单位碳排放的用水效率、单位碳排放的废弃物排放强度指数及单位产品的虚拟水含量和隐含碳排放等指标，对27种不同类型工业企业的碳排放效率进行了评价和分析。得出的主要结论为：1）不同类型工业企业的碳排放强度差异明显。南京市江宁区27类行业的平均碳排放强度为0.35 t/万元，其中电力、热力生产和供应业的碳排放强度最高，而仪器仪表制造业碳排放强度最低。2）尽管企业碳排放效率和水资源利用效率有一定的行业关联，但企业碳排放效率主要受经济效益、生产工艺、原料和能源类型等因素的影响。3）不同企业单位产品的隐含碳排放和虚拟水含量具有较大的差异。其中，轿车、铁矿石、金属铸件和摩托车等产品的虚拟水和隐含碳排放明显高于其他行业产品。4）企业碳排放与相应的三废排放强度具有一定的关联性。其中，碳排放与废气排放强度的关联度最高。5）在对未来企业排放效率评估、碳核查及碳配额分配中，不仅要考虑企业碳排放的经济效益，也要考虑企业的资源消耗和废弃物排放效率，并建立基于碳排放综合绩效评估的企业碳配额分配方案，这对于落实碳减排、推动资源节约和生产方式转变以及加强环境治理的多重目标的实现具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 碳排放 效率 江宁区 企业 |
Carbon Emission Efficiency of Different Industrial Companies of Urban Industrial Zone:
A Case Study of Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone,Nanjing |
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| LIU Ying,ZHAO Rongqin,ZHANG Zhanping,DING Minglei,JIAO Shixing.Carbon Emission Efficiency of Different Industrial Companies of Urban Industrial Zone:
A Case Study of Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone,Nanjing[J].Tropical Geography,2018,38(1):103-111. |
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| Authors: | LIU Ying ZHAO Rongqin ZHANG Zhanping DING Minglei JIAO Shixing |
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| Institution: | （1．College of Civil Construction Engineering，Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management，Zhengzhou 450046，China；
2．School of Resources and Environment，North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power，Zhengzhou 450045，China；
3．College of Resources & Environment and Tourism，Anyang Normal University，Anyang 455002，China） |
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| Abstract: | Urban industrial activities are the core of human economic activities and one of the important sources of urban carbon emissions. Research on urban industrial carbon emission efficiency not omly helps to improve the indicators and statistical methods of industrial carbon emission verification and provide new theretical perspectives for carbon emission quota allocation in the future cap-and-trade system, but also has great practical significance for proposing targeted low carbon industrial strategies and urban carbon emission reduction measures. Taking Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone of Nanjing city as the case, by adopting some indicators of carbon emission intensity, water efficiency of per unit carbon emissions, comprehensive index of waste emission intensity of per unit carbon emissions, virtual water and embodied carbon of product, this paper compared and discussed the carbon emission efficiency of 27 types of industrial companies based on the data of 199 companies. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) There were obvious differnces among different types of companies. The average carbon emission intensity of 27 types of indistries was 0.35 t/104 Yuan, in which carbon emission intensity of Production and Supply of Electric Power and Heat Power was the highest (5.56 t/104 Yuan), while that of Manufacture of Measuring Instruments was the lowest (0.002 t/104 Yuan). 2) Although there was some relation between carbon emission efficiency and water resource utilization efficiency, industrial carbon emission efficiency was mainly determined by ecomonic output, manufacturing process and the type of raw materials and energies. 3) There was relatively large difference on embodied carbon and virtual water of per unit products of different companies, which is related to the technology level, specification, volume and production complexity of productions from different companies. The results showed that the embodied carbon and virtual water of automobile, ironstone, metal castings and motorcycle were much higher than those of other products. 4) There has certain relativity between carbon emission and the corresponding Three Wastes, in which the relativity between carbon emission intensity and the waste gas emission intensity was the highest. According to the integrated evaluation results, the Comprehensive Index of Waste Emission Intensity of Mining and Processing of Ferrous Metal Ores was the highest, that of Mining and Processing of Non-Ferrous Metal Ores and Manufacture of Metal Products the next, and that of Manufacture of Paper and Paper Products was the lowest. 5) In the future industrial carbon emission efficiency evaluation, carbon verification and carbon quota allocation, the carbon emission efficiency of companies, as well as the resources consumption and waste emissions, should be both considered. Based on this study, the indicators such as energy resources input and wastes discharge should be considered to establish the method of integrated carbon emission performance according to multi-factors during the whole life cycle of enterprises such as industrial carbon emission, economic output, resources consumption, wastes discharge, land use and exploitation efficiency and industrial carbon metabolism efficiency. Also, the allocation scheme based on integrated carbon emission performance evaluation should be established, which has great significance for the multi-objectives of carbon emission reduction, promoting resource-saving, changing production mode and strengthening environmental management and restoration. |
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| Keywords: | carbon emission efficiency jiangning district company |
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