| 体育场馆产业虚拟集群的构建 |
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| 引用本文： | 曾建明,况明亮,许柯,刘辉,刘碧云.体育场馆产业虚拟集群的构建[J].热带地理,2021,41(4):822-833. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曾建明 况明亮 许柯 刘辉 刘碧云 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆师范大学 体育学院，乌鲁木齐 830054 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家哲学社会科学基金项目——“互联网+”时代我国体育场馆服务转型升级的发展路径研究(16BTY109);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2021SI013) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于互联网技术在产业领域全面渗透的发展形势，部分学者提出“网络空间邻近性将取代地理空间邻近性”的论断，而另一部分研究结论坚持认为网络信息技术与平台是线下产业转型升级的“催化剂”，同时提出线下实体产业自身及其关联产业之间的地理要素对线上虚拟平台的构建与发展具有重要意义。据此，文章从地理空间的视角，试图阐释体育场馆虚拟集群构建的地理学研究基础和关注重点，分析体育场馆地理聚集效应无法形成的原因，总结归纳产业虚拟集群具有促进产业聚集形态、提高规模经济效益、建立分工协作关系、带动合作与竞争氛围、形成柔性化创新模式等作用，提出构建虚拟集群是未来体育场馆产业发展的重要形式之一。目前，中国体育场馆产业虚拟集群是横向各成员间合作与竞争的利益价值链，纵向是供需两端线上下产销价值链，共同构成了集群基本的结构体系；根据集群产业的主体规模、地理位置、产权属性和网络化程度等，场馆产业虚拟集群可分为单体型、连锁型、联盟型；而根据场馆产业集群的结构体系和功能特征，其发展过程需历经技术融合、产品改造、结构优化3个升级阶段。最终，建议通过正确认识场馆虚拟集群构建的地理性涵义，持续提升线下场馆服务的核心竞争力，发挥政府的政策支持和牵头结盟作用，建立场馆虚拟集群成员准入监督机制，为虚拟产业集群的创新发展提供理论与实践指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 互联网+ 地理空间 体育场馆 产业虚拟集群 网络平台 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-12-22 |
The Construction of Virtual Clusters of Stadium Industry: From the Perspective of Geographical Space |
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| Jianming Zeng,Mingliang Kuang,Ke Xu,Hui Liu,Biyun Liu.The Construction of Virtual Clusters of Stadium Industry: From the Perspective of Geographical Space[J].Tropical Geography,2021,41(4):822-833. |
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| Authors: | Jianming Zeng Mingliang Kuang Ke Xu Hui Liu Biyun Liu |
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| Institution: | College of Physical Education, Xinjiang Normal University, Urimqi 830054, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent years,as an important means for the development of the stadium industry supported by Internet technology, building complex commercial complexes with the help of virtual network platforms around the stadium service as the core industry has become a popular trend in some cities in Chine.The academic circle has paid little attention to research on the abovementioned field, but exploring the integration of the online and offline chains of industrial clusters from the perspective of geographical space can be very fruitful, providing a theoretical reference for discussing the construction of virtual clusters of stadiums.The starting point of this research is based on the development status of the comprehensive penetration of Internet technology into the industrial field. Some scholars hypothesize that"cyberspace proximity will replace geospatial proximity,"while others insist that network information technology and platform are the"catalysts"for the transformation and upgradation of offline industries;at the same time, it focuses on the geographical factors affecting the offline entity industry itself and its related industries, which is of great significance to the construction and development of the online virtual platform.Accordingly, this article explains the construction of virtual clusters of stadiums from the perspective of geographic space.It then analyzes the reasons why the geographical clustering effect of stadiums cannot be formed.By summarizing the role of industrial virtual clusters in promoting industrial aggregation, strengthening scale economy effect, improving relationship between division of labor and cooperation, driving cooperation and competition atmosphere, forming flexible innovation mode,etc. it is proposed that the construction of virtual clusters is one of the most important forms of sports stadium industry development in the future.At present, the virtual cluster of sports stadium industry in China is the value chain of cooperation and competition among members in the horizontal direction, and the value chain of production and sales at both ends of supply and demand in the vertical direction, which together constitute the basic structural system of the cluster;according to the main industry scale, geographical location, property right attribute, network degree,etc., virtual stadium industry cluster can be divided into haplotype, chain type, and alliance type, and according to its structural system and functional characteristics, its development process needs to go through three upgrading stages:technology integration, product transformation, and structure optimization.Finally, it is recommended to gain an understanding of the geographical significance of the virtual cluster construction of stadiums, continue to improve the core competitiveness of offline stadium services, fully utilize the government's policy support and lead the role of alliances, establish a supervision mechanism of virtual industry cluster member access, etc., for the innovation and development of virtual industry cluster theory and the practice guidance. |
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| Keywords: | Internet Plus geographical space stadiums industrial virtual clusters internet platform |
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