| 青藏高原东北部河湟谷地1726 年耕地格局重建 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗静,张镱锂,刘峰贵,陈琼,周强,张海峰.青藏高原东北部河湟谷地1726 年耕地格局重建[J].地理研究,2014,33(7):1285-1296. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗静 张镱锂 刘峰贵 陈琼 周强 张海峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院, 西宁 810008;
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41271123，41261010） |
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| 摘 要： | 整理、校正了1726 年（雍正四年）河湟谷地历史文献中的田亩数据，并在GIS技术的支持下建立了该区1726 年具有空间属性（2 km×2 km）的耕地分布格局。结果显示：1726 年河湟谷地耕地总面积为1.427×103 km2，其中番地占64.7%，屯科秋站垦地占35.3%。河湟谷地虽然面积较大，但受自然环境条件的限制，可耕之地较少，该区仅有47%的网格具有耕地分布，耕地集中分布在湟水河干流区及大通河中游地区和龙羊峡以下的黄河谷地。从耕地垦殖强度分析，受自然环境条件和政治格局的双重影响，1726 年该区整体垦殖率较低，全区仅有1.4%的耕地网格垦殖率在40%以上，而68.3%的耕地网格垦殖率在10%以下，正处在广泛的开荒垦殖阶段。垦殖强度在空间分布上也存在明显差异，其中西宁县整体垦殖率水平最高，其耕地网格平均垦殖率达到了13.5%。
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| 关 键 词： | 河湟谷地 耕地分布格局 网格化重建 1726年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-09-25 |
Reconstruction of cropland spatial patterns for 1726 on Yellow River-Huangshui River Valley in northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
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| LUO Jing,ZHANG Yili,LIU Fenggui,CHEN Qiong,ZHOU Qiang,ZHANG Haifeng.Reconstruction of cropland spatial patterns for 1726 on Yellow River-Huangshui River Valley in northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Geographical Research,2014,33(7):1285-1296. |
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| Authors: | LUO Jing ZHANG Yili LIU Fenggui CHEN Qiong ZHOU Qiang ZHANG Haifeng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Life and Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, first we revised the taxes-cropland area data in historical documents and estimated the cropland area in 1726 (the fourth year of Emperor Yongzheng's Reign in the Qing Dynasty) of Yellow River-Huangshui River Valley (YHV) which is located in northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Subsequently, the cropland area was allocated into grids with a resolution of 2 km by 2 km under the help of GIS technology. The results show that the cropland area of YHV in 1726 was 1.427×103 km2, among which, 64.7% was cultivated by the minority as well as 35.3% was cultivated by soldiers and chieftain. The arable land of YHV is little due to the harsh natural environment. Crops can be found in some 47% of all grids and these grids were distributed in the Huangshui River basin, Beichuan River basin, the mid-lower reaches of the Datong and Yellow River. In terms of intensity of land use, the YHV had a low reclamation index in 1726. The reclamation index of 68.3% of all grids was less than 10% and only 1.4% of all grids had a reclamation index greater than 40%, which was attributed to the harsh environment and governmental policy. In addition, the spatial difference of the land use intensity was obvious. The reclamation index of Xining County was great on the whole and the mean value reached 13.5% at grid scale. |
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