| 甘肃省小麦水分平衡及其时空分布模式 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨艳昭,封志明,林耀明.甘肃省小麦水分平衡及其时空分布模式[J].地理研究,2005,24(6):853-859. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨艳昭 封志明 林耀明 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100039;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 中科院知识创新重要方向性项目KZCX3-SW-333 |
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| 摘 要： | 以县域为基本单元,采用农田水量平衡模型,对甘肃省1961至2001年冬、春小麦自然降水条件下的水分平衡进行了逐月计算,并对其时空分布模式进行了研究。结果表明:甘肃省多年平均冬小麦需水量为464.47mm,亏水量144.42mm,盈水量3.75mm;春小麦需水量为443.83mm,亏水量262.87mm,盈水量0.00mm。降水不能满足小麦生长的需求,亏水是其水分平衡的首要特征;5～6月是甘肃省冬、春小麦的亏水高峰期,且冬小麦盈亏水量的稳定性低于春小麦;全生育期冬小麦以中度水分亏缺频率为最高,春小麦则以重度为主;甘肃省冬、春小麦的需水量、亏水量与水分亏缺率均呈由东南向西北递增的趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 水分平衡 亏水量 水分亏缺频率 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0585（2005）06-0853-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-03-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 7/1/2005 12:00:00 AM |
Wheat water balance and its distribution in Gansu province |
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| YANG Yan-zhao,FENG Zhi-ming,LIN Yao-ming.Wheat water balance and its distribution in Gansu province[J].Geographical Research,2005,24(6):853-859. |
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| Authors: | YANG Yan-zhao FENG Zhi-ming LIN Yao-ming |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101 ,China; 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China |
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| Abstract: | Gansu province located in northwest China has an arid and semi-arid climate with an annual mean precipitation of 40800mm.Deficiency of water resources has become the major factors restricting the agricultural development in Gansu province.Using field water balance model,monthly field wheat water balance has been estimated for 80 counties in the province for a period of 1960-2001.Deficit ratio and frequency were adopted to analyze spatial-temporal distribution of field water resources balance.The results show that under normal precipitation condition,rainfall cannot meet water demand for wheat,and that water deficit is the main character of field water resources balance in Gansu.Deficit of field water resources tends to increase from southeast to northwest,and from mountains to basins,varying significantly among the counties studied.Results show that water demand for winter wheat is 464.47 mm,the corresponding water deficit is 144.42 mm and the surplus water is 3.75 mm.As for spring wheat,water demand is 443.83 mm,the corresponding water deficit is 262.87 mm and the surplus water is zero mm.Water deficit of spring wheat is higher than that of winter wheat.Deficit water reaches the largest amount in May and July for both types,but the stability of water deficit for winter wheat is lower than spring wheat.For winter wheat,the highest frequency of water deficit is media,while it is more severely for spring wheat. |
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| Keywords: | field water balance deficit water frequency of water deficit |
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