| 面向城市社区规划的参与式感知与计算——概念模型与技术框架 |
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| 引用本文： | 张姗琪,甄峰,秦萧,唐佳.面向城市社区规划的参与式感知与计算——概念模型与技术框架[J].地理研究,2020,39(7):1580-1591. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张姗琪 甄峰 秦萧 唐佳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京大学建筑与城市规划学院,南京 2100932. 江苏省智慧城市设计仿真与可视化技术工程实验室,南京 210093 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国博士后科学基金(2019M651784);国家自然科学基金(41571146);国家自然科学基金(51708276);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 科学准确地感知社区居民参与现状、诊断存在问题,及时广泛地了解社区居民需求与诉求,对于提升新形势下社区居民参与城市社区规划的能力与水平意义重大。借助网络和移动设备等技术手段,采取以人为主体的参与式感知方式获取数据,可实时感知和分析居民的情感、行为和所处的环境,进而提高社区居民参与的广泛性和时效性。国内外该领域的研究刚刚起步,对面向城市社区规划的参与式感知与计算尚缺乏系统深入的机理探索和方法研究。本文针对中国城市社区规划的实际需求,构建了面向城市社区规划的参与式感知与计算概念模型,提出实现参与式感知与计算的技术框架,并探讨其中涉及的具体技术研究内容。本研究将深化面向城市社区的参与式感知与计算的相关理论与方法研究,为城市社区规划的公众参与和科学评估提供新思路、新方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市社区规划 参与式感知 感知计算 公众参与 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-04-21 |
The conceptual model and technical framework of participatory sensing and computing for urban community planning |
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| ZHANG Shanqi,ZHEN Feng,QIN Xiao,TANG Jia.The conceptual model and technical framework of participatory sensing and computing for urban community planning[J].Geographical Research,2020,39(7):1580-1591. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Shanqi ZHEN Feng QIN Xiao TANG Jia |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China2. Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Smart City Design Simulation & Visualization, Nanjing 210093, China |
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| Abstract: | Against the backdrop of rapid urbanization in China, enhancing public participation at the community level has become an important national strategy. It is necessary for planners to deploy new approaches to understand public needs and to identify common issues or areas within the community in a timely manner. Participatory sensing, which builds upon the widespread information sharing using the Internet and mobile technology, has provided new opportunities for planners to sense and analyze public sentiment, human mobility patterns and surrounding environments at better spatiotemporal resolutions. This opportunity has gained considerable attention from research community and has spurred a range of studies on topics such as emerging public participation paradigm and urban computing. However, current studies have not systematically investigated the mechanisms and common approaches of implementing participatory sensing in the context of urban community planning. This paper bridges this research gap by proposing a conceptual framework for studying participatory sensing in the community planning context, and by developing a technological framework for processing, integrating and analyzing multi-sourced human sensory data. Particularly, the conceptual framework builds upon the theories of public participation, the principles of participatory sensing, and the inter-relationships among residents, urban communities and urban community planning. A technical framework that synthesizes sensing, computing and application is further proposed. Specifically, sensing refers to collecting various data about how residents use and perceive urban community space; computing refers to extracting useful knowledge regarding human activities and perceptions, individual’s biological information and environments from raw sensed data; application refers to analyzing extracted knowledge for supporting community planning compilation and decision-making. Based on the framework, the workflows of extracting and spatializing residents’ subjective perception, analyzing how different population groups use urban community space, and apply participatory sensing and computing for urban community planning compilation and decision-making are further suggested. The proposed workflows build upon multi-disciplinary methods and aim to shed light on further developments of relevant methods and techniques for utilizing multi-sourced data that support urban community planning. Overall, this study will contribute to the methodological developments of applying participatory sensing for urban community planning. It will also shed light on future developments of new practical approaches for enhancing public participation, and for supporting rational planning evaluation and decision-making in urban communities. |
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| Keywords: | urban community planning participatory sensing urban computing public participation |
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