| 全球价值生产的空间组织：以苹果手机供应链为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘清,杨永春,蒋小荣.全球价值生产的空间组织：以苹果手机供应链为例[J].地理研究,2020,39(12):2743-2762. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘清 杨永春 蒋小荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州 7300002.兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州 7300003.湖北文理学院资源环境与旅游学院,襄阳 441053 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41971198);国家自然科学基金项目(41571155);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(18YJCZH246);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(20YJCZH057) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用2012年与2019年苹果手机全球供应商数据,基于GPN 2.0的相关理论建立分析框架,探索苹果手机全球生产网络中主要行动者类型、行动者策略、进入与退出动态、地理分异性、网络动力机制和战略耦合机制。该网络主要行动者是美国、日本、韩国、中国大陆、中国台湾省,布局全球生产网络的热点地区在亚洲;网络中有六类行动者,行动者策略是企业间控制与企业间合作,网络产生和演化的动力机制为成本-能力比率、市场需要、金融约束和风险环境,主要行动者通过本土创新、国际合作关系和生产平台战略耦合机制嵌入苹果手机的全球生产网络。最后,从转型创新模式、孵化自主供应链角度对中国行动者产业升级提出对策建议。
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| 关 键 词： | GPN 2.0 苹果手机供应链 地理分异 动力机制 战略耦合 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-10-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-04-11 |
Spatial organization of global value production: A case study of supply chain of Apple's iPhone |
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| LIU Qing,YANG Yongchun,JIANG Xiaorong.Spatial organization of global value production: A case study of supply chain of Apple's iPhone[J].Geographical Research,2020,39(12):2743-2762. |
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| Authors: | LIU Qing YANG Yongchun JIANG Xiaorong |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China2. Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China3. College of Resource Environmental and Tourism, Hubei University of Art and Science, Xiangyang 441053, Hubei, China |
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| Abstract: | Globalization has been reshaping the way of local industries connecting with the global economy. With the rise of emerging economies and regional production networks in East Asia, the traditional division of labor in mobile phone manufacturing industry is changing. This paper uses the data of iPhone's global suppliers in 2012 and 2019, and establishes an analytical framework based on the relevant theories of GPN 2.0, and explores the geographic differentiation, the competitive dynamics strategy of network, strategic coupling, entry and exit dynamics and regional division and evolution in China of iPhone's global production network. The study found the following: (1) The main actors of the network are the United States, Japan, South Korea, Chinese mainland and China Taiwan province, and the hot spots in the global production network are located in Asia; (2) There are six types of actors in the global production network of iPhone, and their strategies of configuring the global production networks interfirm control and interfirm partnership; (3) The competitive dynamics strategy are cost-capability ratios, market development, financial discipline and managing risks, in addition, the main actors have embedded the global production network of the iPhone through three strategic coupling models (indigenous innovation, international partnership and production platforms), which are deeply embedded in differentiated national/regional industrial policies, corporate strategies, location advantages (proximity effects), industrial clusters, government-enterprise relations, and business institution (family group in home economies); (4) iPhone's supply chain in China is dominated by foreign-implanted supply chain. Furthermore, the core components supplied by China's actors are optical devices and display/touch modules, and their advantages are reflected in system integration, incremental innovation and production-related R&D capabilities. Finally, based on the impact of trade war between China and the United States on China's participation in global division of labor, this paper puts forward suggestions from the perspective of transforming innovation model and incubating independent and controllable supply chain: (1) Radical innovation is not the only way to achieve industrial upgrading, in other words, successful incremental innovation or integrated innovation is more suitable for China's small and medium-sized private enterprises in the mobile phone manufacturing; (2) China's actors should incubate independent and controllable supply chain system on the basis of resource integration at home and abroad to enhance the global competitiveness. |
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| Keywords: | global production network iPhone's supply chain geographical differentiation competitive dynamics strategy strategic coupling China |
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