| 全球生产网络与本土创新网络的战略耦合动态——以中国生物医药产业为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 王璐玮,汪涛,张晗.全球生产网络与本土创新网络的战略耦合动态——以中国生物医药产业为例[J].地理研究,2021,40(12):3314-3332. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王璐玮 汪涛 张晗 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023;南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023;江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2020SJZDA135);2021年江苏省研究生科研创新计划(KYCX21_1285) |
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| 摘 要： | 构建显示性比较优势指数,分析“走出去”全球化下中国医药产业的国际竞争力;识别企业战略连接类型,分析“引进来”全球化下生物医药全球生产网络（GPN）与本土创新网络（IIN）间的战略耦合过程;运用超效率SBM模型,测度GPN-IIN战略耦合目标实现的达成效率,并从静、动态视角探究其时空变化的原因。发现：① 中国医药产业通过转口、代加工进入北美市场的难度加大,东盟、金砖国家成为其重要的出口对象,与欧盟加强贸易有助于其形成高标准的自由贸易协定网络。② 2000—2006年,多数外商直接投资（FDI）企业形成“两头在外”的产业布局,在GPN中处于被俘虏地位,大多内资企业学习能力不足,处于IIN边缘。2007—2013年,部分FDI企业由GPN价值链末端向高端转移,部分内资企业由IIN边缘向核心转移,但转移过程中具有强松脚性。2014—2019年,GPN-IIN战略耦合克服上一阶段嵌入不足、松脚性等问题,两者间的关系通道日益增多和稳固。③ GPN-IIN耦合绩效经历了“大分散、小集聚→简单结构孕育→局部结构构建→级联秩序分异”的演变,在此过程中技术进步对其促进效果最强,规模效率次之,纯技术效率最弱。而限制其提升的主要原因从价值链低端锁定、企业类型晋升不足向企业类型退化冗余、社会关系松弛,再向境外业务拓展乏力、资本-技术脱钩过渡。
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| 关 键 词： | 全球生产网络 本土创新网络 GPN-IIN战略耦合 GPN-IIN耦合绩效 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-06 |
Dynamic change of strategic coupling between global production networks and indigenous innovation networks:Take China's biopharmaceutical industry as an example |
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| WANG Luwei,WANG Tao,ZHANG Han.Dynamic change of strategic coupling between global production networks and indigenous innovation networks:Take China's biopharmaceutical industry as an example[J].Geographical Research,2021,40(12):3314-3332. |
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| Authors: | WANG Luwei WANG Tao ZHANG Han |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China |
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| Abstract: | We analyzed the international competitiveness of China's pharmaceutical industry under the ‘going out’ globalization strategy by constructing an Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, and synchronously analyzed the strategic coupling process between global production networks (GPN) and indigenous innovation networks (IIN) of China's biopharmaceutical industry under the ‘bringing in’ globalization strategy by identifying strategic connection types among enterprises. The super-efficiency SBM model was used to measure the GPN-IIN coupling performance, which reflects the city's efficiency in achieving the optimal goal of GPN-IIN strategic coupling. And reasons for spatiotemporal changes of GPN-IIN coupling performance were further explored from a static and dynamic perspective. Results showed that: (1) It is increasingly difficult for China's pharmaceutical industry to enter the North American market through re-export and processing trade. ASEAN and BRICS have become important export markets for China's pharmaceutical industry. Strengthening trade with the EU will help China form a high-standard free trade agreement network. (2) In 2000-2006, most FDI enterprises formed an industrial chain layout of ‘two heads out’ and were in a captured position in GPN. Most domestic enterprises had insufficient learning capabilities and were at the edge of IIN. In 2007-2013, some FDI enterprises shifted from the low-end of GPN value chain to high-end, and some domestic enterprises shifted from the edge of IIN to the core, but the transfer process had a strong loose footing. In 2014-2019, GPN-IIN strategic coupling overcame the problems of ‘insufficient embedding’ and ‘loose feet’, and relationship channels between GPN and IIN were increasingly stable. (3) GPN-IIN coupling performance had undergone the evolution of ‘large dispersion, small agglomeration → simple structure incubation → partial structure construction → differentiation of cascading order’. In this process, technological progress had the strongest promotion effect on GPN-IIN coupling performance, followed by scale efficiency, and pure technical efficiency was the weakest. Main reasons for restricting GPN-IIN coupling performance evolved along the path of ‘low-end lock-in of the value chain and insufficient promotion of enterprise types → excessive degeneration of enterprise types and slack social relationship → weakening of overseas business expansion and decoupling of capital-technological’. |
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| Keywords: | global production networks indigenous innovation networks GPN-IIN strategic coupling GPN-IIN coupling performance |
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