| 青藏高原东北部观赏地被植物马蔺根系固土护坡效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘亚斌,李湘,余冬梅,马政,吉海龙,王芃,胡夏嵩,朱海丽,李国荣.青藏高原东北部观赏地被植物马蔺根系固土护坡效应研究[J].盐湖研究,2022,30(3). |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘亚斌 李湘 余冬梅 马政 吉海龙 王芃 胡夏嵩 朱海丽 李国荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 青海大学,青海大学,中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海大学,青海大学,青海大学,青海大学,青海大学,青海大学 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了进一步丰富青藏高原东北部地区植被护坡工程植物选择，推动区内植被护坡工程实用性和观赏性兼顾发展。该项研究以青藏高原东北部观赏地被植物马蔺为研究对象，以青海省大通县朔北藏族乡至东峡镇之间区域为研究区，在野外植物分布特征和生长特征调查的基础上，结合单根拉伸试验和重塑根-土复合体三轴压缩试验，定量评价了野生马蔺植株和根系生长特征、单根抗拉特性以及根系对土体抗剪强度的增强效应。试验结果表明：马蔺主要分布在研究区内洪积扇、坡积裙和河漫滩等地貌单元，立地条件包括上述地貌单元内的林下坡地、田间、道旁、湿地、荒地等；通过选取两处试验区开展调查可知，马蔺平均株高、冠幅和植株密度分别为75.22±11.40 cm、106.09±25.62 cm和1.51±0.55 株/m2；马蔺标准株根系分布深度可达50 cm，主要分布在0~30 cm深度范围内，根幅约40~50 cm；马蔺根径为0.20～0.70 mm，单根抗拉力、抗拉强度和延伸率平均值分别为7.94±2.91 N，46.30± 11.06 MPa和54.17%±17.08%，随着根径的增大，单根抗拉力和单根抗拉强度分别呈幂函数增大和幂函数降低关系，单根极限延伸率随着根径的增大呈逐渐增大变化趋势，但二者之间未表现出相对显著性的关系；马蔺根系对土体黏聚力和内摩擦角均有增强作用，可分别显著增强0~30 cm和0~10 cm深度范围内土体黏聚力和内摩擦角，且对土体黏聚力的增强作用较为显著。该项研究成果对于选用观赏地被植物马蔺进行研究区坡面水土流失、浅层滑坡等地质灾害现象的生态防护工作，具有理论研究价值和实际指导意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 马蔺 生长特征 单根抗拉特性 根-土复合体 固土护坡 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/3/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/4/25 0:00:00 |
Effects of roots of the ornamental ground cover plant Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. on soil reinforcement and slope protection in Northeast Qinghai Tibet Plateau |
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| LIU Ya-bin,Li Xiang,YU Dongmei,MA Zheng,JI Hai-long,WANG Peng,HU Xia-song,ZHU Haili and LI Guo-rong.Effects of roots of the ornamental ground cover plant Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. on soil reinforcement and slope protection in Northeast Qinghai Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Salt Lake Research,2022,30(3). |
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| Authors: | LIU Ya-bin Li Xiang YU Dongmei MA Zheng JI Hai-long WANG Peng HU Xia-song ZHU Haili and LI Guo-rong |
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| Abstract: | In order to further enrich the selection of plant for slope protection by vegetation in Northeast Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and promoting both practicality and ornamental development of slope protection by vegetation. In this study, the ornamental ground cover plant Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz. was selected as the research object which distribution in the region between Shuobei Tibetan township, Datong county and Dongxia town in Qinghai Province, China. The plant characteristics, root distribution characteristics, single root tensile properties and the effects of roots on soil reinforcement of Iris lactea were evaluated quantitatively via field survey of growth characteristics, the single root tensile test and the remolded triaxial compression test. The results exhibit that the Iris lactea mainly distribute in geomorphic units such as alluvial fan, bajada and floodplain in the study area. The site conditions of the Iris lacteai include forest slopes, fields, roadsides, wetlands, wastelands, etc. in the above geomorphic units. The average plant height, crown width and plant density of Iris lactea are 5.22 ± 11.40 cm, 106.09 ± 25.62 cm and 1.51 ± 0.55 plants/m2, respectively. The root distribution depth of standard plant of Iris lactea can reach 50 cm below the ground, mainly in the depth range of 0-30 cm, and the root width is about 40 - 50 cm. The root diameter of Iris lactea ranged from 0.20 mm to 0.70 mm. The average values of single root tensile force, single root tensile strength and single root limit extensile rate of Iris lactea are 7.94 ± 2.91 N, 46.30 ± 11.06 MPa and 54.17% ± 17.08%, respectively. In addition, when the root diameter is 0.20 to 0.70 mm, the single root tensile forces of Iris lactea increase with the root diameter increasing, with a power relationship between single root tensile forces and root diameters. Meanwhile, the single root tensile strengths of Iris lactea increase with the root diameter decreasing, and a power relationship exists between single root tensile strengths and root diameters; moreover, the single root limit extensile rate of Iris lactea increases with the increasing of the root diameter, but there is no significant functional relationship between them. The roots of Iris lactea can enhance both of the cohesion and the internal friction angle of soil. The roots of Iris lactea can significantly enhance the soil cohesion and internal friction angle in the depth range of 0 - 30 cm and 0 - 10 cm respectively, and the enhancement effect on the soil cohesion is more significant. The results of this study have theoretical research value and practical guiding significance for the selection of the ornamental ground cover plant Iris lactea for the ecological protection of soil erosion, shallow landslides and other geological disaster phenomena in the study area. |
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| Keywords: | Iris lactea Pall var chinensis (Fisch ) Koidz growth characteristics single root tensile properties rooted soil soil reinforcement and slope protection |
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