| 柴达木盆地西台吉乃尔盐湖矿区卤水水化学特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张西营,马海州,高东林,张明刚,王涛.柴达木盆地西台吉乃尔盐湖矿区卤水水化学特征[J].盐湖研究,2007,15(2):12-20. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张西营 马海州 高东林 张明刚 王涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海,西宁,810008 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 西台吉乃尔盐湖位于柴达木盆地中部,矿区卤水中富含锂、钾、硼、镁等多种元素,极具开发价值。自2003年开始,矿区已开始进行大规模采卤,利用前人1959年和2001年两次勘查资料,从水化学角度分析和探讨了西台吉乃尔盐湖矿区未大规模采卤前卤水中各元素的分布规律和变化特征。研究表明,矿区西北部主要为氯化物型卤水,其余大部分地区基本为硫酸镁亚型卤水,我们推测地下卤水水化学类型的差异很可能与不同区域原始卤水的组成及补给水等因素有关。有益组分中,高含量的Li+、K+主要分布在矿区的西北部;B2O3的高含量区主要在矿区的中东部广大地区。赋存于孔隙卤水中K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Li+、Cl-等元素的平均含量要高于晶间卤水;B2O3、Na+、SO42-等则低于晶间卤水;卤水矿化度、pH值和密度则相差不多。孔隙卤水在Na+、K+、Mg2+/Cl--H2O四元体系介稳相图中的投影点接近光卤石相区;湖表卤水和晶间卤水在Na+、K+、Mg2+/Cl-,SO42--H2O五元体系介稳相图中位于泻利盐、软钾镁矾和钾石盐的共结点附近,且分布比较集中;湖表卤水在演化阶段上存在较大差别;晶间潜卤水已普遍进入钾石盐析出阶段。研究还表明,西台吉乃尔湖湖水的水化学变化明显受季节变化的影响,而湖表卤水与地下卤水存在着一定程度的水力联系,这种联系的强弱和变化特征尚待进一步研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 柴达木盆地 西台吉乃尔盐湖 晶间卤水 孔隙卤水 水化学特征 介稳相图 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-858X（2007）02-0012-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-09-19 |
Hydrochemical Characteristics of Brines in the Mining area of West Taijinar Salt Lake in Qaidam Basin |
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| ZHANG Xi-ying,MA Hai-zhou,GAO Dong-lin,ZHANG Ming-gang,WANG Tao.Hydrochemical Characteristics of Brines in the Mining area of West Taijinar Salt Lake in Qaidam Basin[J].Journal of Salt Lake Research,2007,15(2):12-20. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xi-ying MA Hai-zhou GAO Dong-lin ZHANG Ming-gang WANG Tao |
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| Institution: | Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining ,810008, China |
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| Abstract: | The west Taijinar Salt Lake is located in the center of the Qaidam basin.The brine in the mining area of the lake is rich in K,Li,B,Mg and other elements,and has been largely exploited since 2003.Based on the exploration data of 1959 and 2001,the distribution rules and variation characteristics of each element of the brine which was not exploited were analyzed and discussed from the view of hydrochemistry.The results show that the brine in the northwest of the area belongs to chloride type and other parts magnesium sulphate sub-type.We speculate that the difference of the hydrochemical type in different areas is probably related to the factors,such as the primary brine components,the feed water and so on.As to the useful elements,high contents of Li+ and K+ are distributed in the northwest,and B2O3 mainly in the vast middle-east.The average contents of K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Li+ and Cl-existing in pore brine are lower than those in intercrystalline brine.While average contents of B2O3,Na+ and SO2-4 in pore brine are higher than those in intercrystalline brine.But the values of total dissolved solid(TDS),pH and specific gravity are almost similar between the two kinds of brine.The projected points of pore brine in quaternary system metastable phase diagram of Na+,K+,Mg2+/Cl--H2O are close to the phase region of carnallite.While the projected points of lake surface brine and intercrystalline brine are around the invariant point of epsomite,schoenite and sylvite in quinary system metastable phase diagram of Na+,K+,Mg2+/Cl-,SO2-4-H2O.There exists a great difference in the lake surface brine at the evolution stages.The intercrystalline unconfined brine has extensively arrived at the stage of sylvite-precipitation.The results also show that the hydrochemical variation of brine in the West Taijinar Salt Lake is obviously influenced by season changes,and there exits a hydroaulic connection between the lake surface brine and underground brine.And further study is needed to investigate the strength and the variation characteristics of this connection. |
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| Keywords: | Qaidam basin West Taijinar Salt Lake Intercrystalline brine Pore brine Hydrochemieal characteristics Metastable phase diagram |
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