| 近30年来江苏省滨海湿地变化过程及其受围垦活动的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张濛,濮励杰.近30年来江苏省滨海湿地变化过程及其受围垦活动的影响[J].湿地科学与管理,2017(3):56-60. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张濛 濮励杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏 南京,210023;2. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210023;国土资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,江苏 南京 210023 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41230751)，公益基金项目(201511086) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于1985—2015年Landsat TM遥感影响数据,提取江苏省典型岸段滨海湿地信息,对滨海湿地类型、面积的变化过程进行研究,并分析了围垦活动对这一过程的影响。结果表明:围垦在近20年达到高峰期,连云港、盐城和南通岸段的滨海湿地在近30年间分别减少了53.15%、71.60%和71.40%。连云港岸段原生植被型湿地逐渐减少,茅草、芦苇湿地在2000年后完全消失;盐城岸段原生植被型湿地在1985—1995年间持续增加,且各植被类型比率趋于均衡,而在1995年后则转变为米草湿地占绝对优势;南通岸段湿地总面积在2000年后迅速下降,高比例的米草湿地是该岸段滨海湿地的主要特征,但到2015年几乎退化成纯光滩湿地。连云港岸段以海域围垦为主要特征,2005—2010年达到围垦高峰;盐城岸段则在1995—2000年的围垦高峰后,原生植被型湿地的围垦比率锐减,米草湿地的围垦比率增至90.51%;南通岸段以米草湿地围垦为主要特征,围垦强度在1985—2010年持续增加,2005年后米草湿地的围垦强度减小,海域围垦比例逐渐升高。
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| 关 键 词： | 滨海湿地 江苏省 典型岸段 围垦 |
The Changing Process of Coastal Wetlands and the Effects of Reclamation in Jiangsu Province in Recent 30 Years |
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| ZHANG Meng,PU Li-Jie.The Changing Process of Coastal Wetlands and the Effects of Reclamation in Jiangsu Province in Recent 30 Years[J].Wetland Science & Management,2017(3):56-60. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Meng PU Li-Jie |
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| Abstract: | The 1985-2015 Landsat TM images of typical coastal wetlands in Jiangsu Province were used for a study of the changes of their types and areas. Meanwhile, an analysis was conducted on the effects of reclamation on these changes. The results showed that the reclamation peaked during recent 20 years, and the typical coastal wetland in Lianyungang, Yancheng and Nantong decreased respectively 53.15%, 72.09% and 71.40% in recent 30 years. The natural vegetation wetland dropped off and deer grass and reed wetlands vanished after 2000 in Lianyungang; the natural vegetation wetland increased in 1985-1995, meanwhile, they tended to be balanced in proportion. Spartina wetland dominated since 1995 in Yancheng. The coastal wetland, with high proportion of spartina as its characteristic, decreased rapidly since 2000 in Nantong, and it degraded into nearly non vegetations wetland. In Lianyungang, sea shore reclamation was the main characteristic, and the reclamation peaked in 2005-2010. In Yancheng, after the peak of reclamation in 1995-2000, the natural vegetation wetlands declined sharply, and the proportion of spartina wetland climbed to 90.51%. Nantong was featured high proportion of spartina wetland reclamation, and its intensity of reclamation kept increasing in 1985-2010. The reclamation intensity of spartina wetland decreased, while the proportion of sea shore reclamation increased after 2005. |
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| Keywords: | Coastal wetland Jiangsu Province Typical coast Reclamation |
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