| 中国西北干旱内陆河流域分布式出山径流模型 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈仁升,康尔泗,杨建平,Zhang Jishi.中国西北干旱内陆河流域分布式出山径流模型[J].地理学报(英文版),2003,13(3):363-372. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈仁升 康尔泗 杨建平 Zhang Jishi |
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| 作者单位： | [1]RemoteSensingandGISInstitute,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China [2]ColdandAridRegionsEnvironmentalandEngineeringResearchInstitute,CAS,Lanzhou730000 |
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| 基金项目： | Chinese Academy of Sciences No.KZCX3-SW-329，No.KZCX1-10-03-01，No.CACX210036，No.CACX210016 |
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| 摘 要： | In order to predict the futuristic runoff under global warming, and to approach to the effects of vegetation on the ecological environment of the inland river mountainous watershed of Northwest China, the authors use the routine hydrometric data to create a distributed monthly model with some conceptual parameters, coupled with GIS and RS tools and data. The model takes sub-basin as the minimal confluent unit, divides the main soils of the basin into 3 layers, and identifies the vegetation types as forest and pasture. The data used in the model are precipitation, air temperature, runoff, soil weight water content, soil depth, soil bulk density, soil porosity, land cover,etc. The model holds that if the water amount is greater than the water content capacity, there will be surface runoff. The actual evaporation is proportional to the product of the potential evaporation and soil volume water content. The studied basin is Heihe mainstream mountainous basin, with a drainage area of 10,009 km^2. The data used in this simulation are from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1995, and the first 10 years‘ data are used to simulate, while the last 5 years‘ data are used to calibrate. For the simulation process, the Nash-Sutcliffe Equation, Balance Error and Explained Variance is 0.8681,5.4008 and 0.8718 respectively, while for the calibration process, 0.8799, -0.5974 and 0.8800 respectively. The model results show that the futuristic runoff of Heihe river basin will increase a little. The snowmelt, glacier meltwater and the evaportranspiration will increase. The air temperature increment will make the permanent snow and glacier area diminish, and the snowline will rise. The vegetation, especially the forest in Heihe mountainous watershed, could lead to the evapoWanspimtion decrease of the watershed, adjust the runoff orocess, and increase the soil water content.
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| 关 键 词： | 中国 西北地区 黑河 内陆河流 径流分布模型 水文分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2/8/2003 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 30 May 2003 |
A distributed runoff model for inland mountainous river basin of Northwest China |
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| Chen?Rensheng,Kang?Ersi,Yang?Jianping,Zhang?Jishi.A distributed runoff model for inland mountainous river basin of Northwest China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2003,13(3):363-372. |
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| Authors: | Chen Rensheng Kang Ersi Yang Jianping Zhang Jishi |
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| Institution: | 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou,730000, China;Remote Sensing and GIS Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou,730000, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to predict the futuristic runoff under global warming, and to approach to the effects of vegetation on the ecological environment of the inland river mountainous watershed of Northwest China, the authors use the routine hydrometric data to create a distributed monthly model with some conceptual parameters, coupled with GIS and RS tools and data. The model takes sub-basin as the minimal confluent unit, divides the main soils of the basin into 3 layers, and identifies the vegetation types as forest and pasture. The data used in the model are precipitation, air temperature, runoff, soil weight water content, soil depth, soil bulk density, soil porosity, land cover, etc. The model holds that if the water amount is greater than the water content capacity, there will be surface runoff. The actual evaporation is proportional to the product of the potential evaporation and soil volume water content. The studied basin is Heihe mainstream mountainous basin, with a drainage area of 10,009 km 2 . The data used in this simulation are from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1995, and the first 10 years' data are used to simulate, while the last 5 years' data are used to calibrate. For the simulation process, the Nash-Sutcliffe Equation, Balance Error and Explained Variance is 0.8681, 5.4008 and 0.8718 respectively, while for the calibration process, 0.8799, -0.5974 and 0.8800 respectively. The model results show that the futuristic runoff of Heihe river basin will increase a little. The snowmelt, glacier meltwater and the evaportranspiration will increase. The air temperature increment will make the permanent snow and glacier area diminish, and the snowline will rise. The vegetation, especially the forest in Heihe mountainous watershed, could lead to the evapotranspiration decrease of the watershed, adjust the runoff process, and increase the soil water content. |
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| Keywords: | inland river mountainous basin distributed runoff model vegetation Heihe River |
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