| 乌兰布和沙漠流动沙丘风蚀空间分布规律及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 李锦荣,郭建英,赵纳祺,张志杰,刘铁军,吴强.乌兰布和沙漠流动沙丘风蚀空间分布规律及其影响因素[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(5):928-935. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李锦荣 郭建英 赵纳祺 张志杰 刘铁军 吴强 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 水利部牧区水利科学研究所, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020;2. 内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;3. 呼和浩特市气象局, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070 |
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| 基金项目： | 十三五国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0501004）；国家自然科学基金项目（41301303）；中国水科院科研专项（MK2016J03）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2015MS0387） |
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| 摘 要： | 为科学治理黄河乌兰布和沙漠沿岸风沙入黄问题，以该河段风沙危害严重的刘拐沙头流动沙丘为研究对象，开展沿岸沙丘风蚀与沉积规律及其影响因素研究。结果表明：（1）沙丘不同部位风蚀与沉积存在差异，与风速在沙丘的空间分布相关。迎风坡坡脚、坡中以风蚀为主，风蚀速率分别为1.07、1.31 cm·d-1；坡顶风蚀和沉积交替进行，风蚀速率2.16 cm·d-1，沉积速率1.36 cm·d-1；沙丘背风坡受反向气流影响以沉积为主，沉积速率2.19 cm·d-1，风蚀主要出现夏秋季节反向风时期；丘间地受上风向沙丘阻挡的影响，一般以沉积为主，平均沉积速率0.12 cm·d-1。丘间地净风蚀量与背风坡显著差异（P<0.05），但与坡脚、坡中和坡顶差异不显著（P>0.1）；背风坡净风蚀量与坡脚、坡中和坡顶极显著差异（P<0.01）。从总风蚀速率来看，风沙活动活跃强度排序：坡顶 > 背风坡 > 坡中 > 坡脚 > 丘间地。（2）冬春季节风蚀与夏秋季节存在显著差异（P<0.05），风力和降水的季节性差异是造成风蚀季节性差异的主要因素。研究结果可为沿岸流动沙丘风沙入黄防治和完善黄河沿岸风沙防护体系提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙丘 风蚀速率 风蚀测钎 乌兰布和沙漠 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-08-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-09-23 |
The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sand Erosion and Its Influences Factors across A Coastal Dune in Ulan Buh Desert,China |
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| Li Jinrong,Guo Jianying,Zhao Naqi,Zhang Zhijie,Liu Tiejun,Wu Qiang.The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Sand Erosion and Its Influences Factors across A Coastal Dune in Ulan Buh Desert,China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2018,38(5):928-935. |
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| Authors: | Li Jinrong Guo Jianying Zhao Naqi Zhang Zhijie Liu Tiejun Wu Qiang |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, Hohhot 010020, China;2. Desert Science and Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China;3. Hohhot Meteorological Bureau, Hohhot 010070, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyses the law of coastal dunes wind erosion/deposition and influencing factors along the Yellow River coast of Ulan Buh Desert. A field observation test about wind erosion and deposition was carried out in Liuguai moving dune of coastal regions of the Yellow River. Results show that:(1) Differences between wind erosion and deposition at different positions of the sand dunes are related to the spatial distribution of the wind speed. In the foot and middle of the windward slope, it's given priority to wind erosion, and wind erosion rate is 1.07 cm·d-1 and 1.31 cm·d-1, respectively. In the crest, erosion and deposition occur alternately, and erosion rate is 2.16 cm·d-1, deposition rate is 1.36 cm·d-1. Leeward side of the dunes is given priority to deposition by eddy current effect, deposition rate is 2.19 cm·d-1, and wind erosion occurs only in summer and fall of reverse wind period. The dunes lowland is affected by the upward dunes on the block, and it is given priority to deposition, with deposition rate on average 0.12 cm·d-1. Net amounts of wind erosion in lowland and leeward side exist significant difference (P<0.05), but the difference is not significant between lowland and the foot of the windward slope, middle windward slope, crest (P>0.1). There is not extremely significant differences between leeward side and foot of the windward slope, middle windward slope, crest (P<0.01). The sand activity intensity is sorted as crest > leeward side > middle windward slope > the foot of windward slope > lowland. (2)There are significant differences in the wind erosion between summer to autumn and winter to spring (P<0.05), and the seasonal difference of wind speed and precipitation are the main factors of wind erosion seasonal differences. |
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| Keywords: | sand dune wind erosion rate erosion pins Ulan Buh Desert |
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