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| 温度对生物土壤结皮斑块土壤氮矿化作用的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 虎瑞,王新平,张亚峰,潘颜霞,石勇,刘美玲.温度对生物土壤结皮斑块土壤氮矿化作用的影响[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):522-528. |
| 作者姓名： | 虎瑞 王新平 张亚峰 潘颜霞 石勇 刘美玲 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,甘肃兰州,730000 2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所植物逆境生理生态与生物技术实验室,甘肃兰州,730000 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院"百人计划"项目"固沙植被生态水文学研究"，国家自然科学基金项目，中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青年人才基金项目 |
| 摘 要： | 以腾格里沙漠东南缘天然植被区藓类结皮、藻地衣结皮斑块荒漠土壤为研究对象,采用原状土培养法,在人工气候箱中设置不同温度(-10、5、15、25、35、40℃)培养14d,测定土壤样品在培养前后NH4+-N和NO3--N含量,分析两种生物土壤结皮斑块土壤净硝化和净矿化速率对温度的响应.结果表明:①低温培养条件下(-10～15℃)土壤氮转化以同持态为主,随着温度升高,尤其当温度超过25℃后,藓类结皮、藻地衣结皮斑块土壤净硝化和净氮矿化速率显著提高(p＜＜.05)；②同一温度培养下,以藓类结皮发育为主的土壤氮转化水平较高,净硝化速率和净氮矿化速率以及无机氮的积累明显大于以藻地衣结皮发育为主的土壤；③两种生物土壤结皮斑块土壤净氮转换速率(硝化和矿化)Q10值在2.46～3.33间波动,其中藓类结皮斑块土壤氮转换对温度的敏感性较高.此外,在土壤氮总矿化过程中,硝化过程具有较强的温度敏感性.高温促进了土壤净氮矿化水平,增加土壤氮有效性,因此可能会对荒漠生态系统的初级生产力产生正向影响作用. |
| 关 键 词： | 生物土壤结皮 净硝化速率 净氮矿化速率 温度 |
Effects of Temperature on Soil Net Nitrogen Mineralization under Different Biological Soil Crusts in Shapotou, Northern China |
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| HU Rui,WANG Xin-ping,ZHANG Ya-feng,PAN Yan-xia,SHI Yong,LIU Mei-ling.Effects of Temperature on Soil Net Nitrogen Mineralization under Different Biological Soil Crusts in Shapotou, Northern China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(2):522-528. | |
| Authors: | HU Rui WANG Xin-ping ZHANG Ya-feng PAN Yan-xia SHI Yong LIU Mei-ling |
| Institution: | 1.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.Laboratory of Plant Stress Ecophysiology and Biotechnology, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
| Abstract: | Effects of temperature on soil net nitrogen transformation rates (nitrification and mineralization) under moss-covered soil and algae-lichen-covered soil were evaluated by measuring the concentrations of NH+4-N and NO-3-N of undisturbed soil cores incubated in artificial chamber after 14 days of incubation with a temperature gradient of -10, 5, 15, 25, 35, 40 ℃. Results showed that: (1) immobilization was the main form in the nitrogen transformation (nitrification and mineralization) under the lower incubation temperatures (-10~15 ℃), the net nitrification and mineralization rates increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing temperature, especially when the temperature surpassed 25 ℃; (2) the moss-dominated soil facilitated the nitrogen transformation, the rates of net nitrification, nitrogen mineralization, and the contents of inorganic nitrogen in moss-dominated soil were higher than in algae-lichen-dominated soil; (3) the Q10 values of nitrogen transformation rates ranged from 2.46 to 3.33. In addition, the net nitrogen transformation rates of moss-dominated soil were more sensitive to temperature variation than algae-lichen-covered soil. Concerning the whole nitrogen transformation process, nitrification was more sensitive to temperature than mineralization. Higher temperature is beneficial to soil net nitrogen mineralization rate and the biological soil crusts can enhance the availability of nitrogen, which may affect the primary productivity in desert ecosystems. |
| Keywords: | biological soil crusts net nitrification rate net nitrogen mineralization rate temperature |
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