| 1975—2018年民勤绿洲沙漠化过程及其驱动机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 李军豪,陈勇,杨国靖,周立华.1975—2018年民勤绿洲沙漠化过程及其驱动机制[J].中国沙漠,2021,41(3):44-55. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李军豪 陈勇 杨国靖 周立华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049;4.中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院，北京 100190 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0606402) |
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| 摘 要： | 根据1975—2018年民勤绿洲土地沙漠化分类体系及遥感影像数据，探究了民勤绿洲沙漠化时空变化过程；选取影响绿洲沙漠化的自然与人为驱动因子，运用主成分分析方法定量评价了民勤绿洲沙漠化过程的主要驱动力。结果表明：1975—2018年沙漠化程度以重度沙漠化为主，轻度、中度、重度和严重沙漠化面积均呈减少趋势，以2000年为界表现为先发展后逆转趋势；1975—2000年，轻度、中度、重度沙漠化重心总体向东北方向迁移，严重沙漠化的重心向西迁移，沙漠化有向绿洲东北部和巴丹吉林沙漠发展的趋势；2000—2018年轻度沙漠化的重心向西北方向迁移，中度、重度和严重沙漠化重心相对稳定，绿洲沙漠化发展得到明显控制。在绿洲沙漠化过程中，人为因素贡献率为39.53%，自然与人为综合贡献率为26.58%，自然因素贡献率为10.77%，人为因素是民勤绿洲沙漠化的主要驱动力。水资源极度匮乏是绿洲沙漠化的决定因素，在以后的防沙治沙工作中，合理调控人类的生产经营活动，优化干旱区水资源配置，可从源头上治理民勤绿洲的沙漠化。
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| 关 键 词： | 民勤绿洲 沙漠化 沙漠化过程 驱动力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-12-30 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-01-23 |
The aeolian desertification process and driving mechanism of Minqin Oasis from 1975 to 2018 |
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| Junhao Li,Yong Chen,Guojing Yang,Lihua Zhou.The aeolian desertification process and driving mechanism of Minqin Oasis from 1975 to 2018[J].Journal of Desert Research,2021,41(3):44-55. |
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| Authors: | Junhao Li Yong Chen Guojing Yang Lihua Zhou |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;2.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China;4.Institutes of Science and Development，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100190，China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the land aeolian desertification data and remote sensing image data of Minqin Oasis from 1975 to 2018， the temporal and spatial changes of Minqin Oasis aeolian desertification in different periods are explored； By selecting the natural and man-made driving factors that affect the aeolian desertification change of the oasis， the principal component analysis method is used to quantitatively evaluate the main driving forces of the aeolian desertification process of the Minqin oasis. The result shows： The degree of aeolian desertification from 1975 to 2018 is dominated by aeolian severe desertification， and the areas of slight， moderate， severe and extremely severe aeolian desertification all show a decreasing trend， and the trend of first development and then reversal is shown in 2000 as the boundary； From 1975 to 2000， the center of gravity of slight， moderate and severe aeolian desertification migrated to the northeast， and the center of gravity of extremely severe aeolian desertification migrated to the west. Desertification tended to develop toward the northeastern oasis and the Badain Jaran Desert； from 2000 to 2018， the center of gravity of slight aeolian desertification moved to the northwest. The center of gravity of moderate， severe and extremely severe aeolian desertification land is relatively stable， and the development of oasis aeolian desertification land is obviously controlled. In the process of oasis aeolian desertification， the contribution rate of human factors is 39.53%， the combined contribution rate of natural and human factors is 26.58%， and the contribution rate of natural factors is 10.77%. Human factors are the main driving force for the desertification of Minqin Oasis. The extreme scarcity of water resources is a decisive factor in the aeolian desertification of oasis. In the future sand prevention and control work， combining human driving factors， rationally regulating human production and operation activities， and optimizing the allocation of water resources in arid areas， the aeolian desertification of Minqin Oasis can be controlled from the source. |
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| Keywords: | Minqin Oasis aeolian desertification aeolian desertification process driving force |
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