| 连作马铃薯根系分泌物鉴定及其对尖孢镰孢菌（Fusariumoxysporum）的作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢奎忠,邱慧珍,胡新元,罗爱花.连作马铃薯根系分泌物鉴定及其对尖孢镰孢菌（Fusariumoxysporum）的作用[J].中国沙漠,2021,41(3):7-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢奎忠 邱慧珍 胡新元 罗爱花 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.甘肃农业大学 资源与环境学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730070;2.甘肃省农业科学院 马铃薯研究所，甘肃 兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31860354);公益性行业（农业）科研专项(201503001-7);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2019GAAS16) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了揭示马铃薯连作化感物质与枯萎病之间的关系，通过水培和田间长期定位试验相结合方法，收集不同连作年限马铃薯根系分泌物，采用GC-TOF-MS进行分离鉴定。结果表明：在检测到的马铃薯根系分泌的48种物质中有机酸占30种。比较轮作、连作5年和连作10年马铃薯根系分泌物中有机酸的相对含量，发现苹果酸和棕榈酸的差异比较大。马铃薯连作条件下根系分泌物能显著增强尖孢镰孢菌（Fusariumoxysporum）的发育并加重枯萎病发生。通过外源添加法研究苹果酸和棕榈酸对尖孢镰孢菌的化感作用，苹果酸和棕榈酸浓度分别在0.10—0.50 mmol·L-1和0.05—0.10 mmol·L-1对尖孢镰孢菌生长起到显著的促进作用。盆栽试验表明，浓度0.05—0.50 mmol·L-1苹果酸和棕榈酸对马铃薯枯萎病有显著的促进作用。这说明苹果酸和棕榈酸是马铃薯根系分泌的化感自毒物质，对尖孢镰孢菌生长起促进作用是连作马铃薯枯萎病发病主要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 马铃薯 根系分泌物 苹果酸 棕榈酸 化感效应 尖孢镰孢菌（Fusariumoxysporum） 枯萎病 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-01-04 |
Identification of root exudates from continuous cropping potato in dry land and their allelopathy to Fusarium oxysporum |
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| Kuizhong Xie,Huizhen Qiu,Xinyuan Hu,Aihua Luo.Identification of root exudates from continuous cropping potato in dry land and their allelopathy to Fusarium oxysporum[J].Journal of Desert Research,2021,41(3):7-15. |
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| Authors: | Kuizhong Xie Huizhen Qiu Xinyuan Hu Aihua Luo |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences / Gansu Provincial Key Lab. of Aridland Crop Science，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China;2.Potato Research Institute，Gansu Academy of Agricultral Sicences，Lanzhou 730070，China |
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| Abstract: | In order to reveal the relationship between Fusarium wilt and allelochemicals of potato continuous cropping. The root exudates of continuous cropping potato were collected by hydroponics and long-term field experiments. The results showed that 30 kinds of organic acids were detected in 48 compounds secreted by potato roots. Comparing the relative organic acids contents of rotation， 5 years continuous cropping and 10 years continuous cropping， it was found that there was significant difference between malic acid and palmitic acid. The allelopathic effects of malic acid and palmitic acid on Fusarium oxysporum were studied by exogenous addition method. The results showed that malic acid and palmitic acid promoted the growth of F. oxysporum in the concentration range of 0.10-0.50 and 0.05-0.10 mmol·L-1， respectively.The results from the pot experiment showed that malic acid and palmitic acid could significantly promote potato Fusarium wilt in the concentration range of 0.05-0.50 mmol·L-1. The results showed that malic acid and palmitic acid were allelochemicals secreted by potato roots， and the promoting effect of malic acid and palmitic acid on F. oxysporum was the main cause of potato Fusarium wilt. |
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| Keywords: | potato root exudates malic acid palmitic acid allelopathy Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium wilt |
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