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| 基于幂函数法则对放牧梯度上种群空间异质性的定量分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 乌云娜,张凤杰,盐见正卫,胡高娃.基于幂函数法则对放牧梯度上种群空间异质性的定量分析[J].中国沙漠,2011,30(3):689-696. |
| 作者姓名： | 乌云娜 张凤杰 盐见正卫 胡高娃 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 大连民族学院环境与资源学院,辽宁大连,116600 2. 茨城大学,日本茨城水户310-8512 3. 内蒙古新巴尔虎右旗草原工作站,内蒙古新巴尔虎右旗,021300 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(30870423); 国家重点基础研究发展“973”项目(2009CB421308); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DC10050101)共同资助 |
| 摘 要： | 在呼伦贝尔草原的克氏针茅群落选择轻牧、中牧、重牧3个不同的放牧梯度,沿着50 m样线设置100个50 cm×50 cm的L型样方,每个L型样方内划分4个25 cm×25 cm的S型样方,以物种出现的频度（p）作为植被空间分布的观测指标,采用幂函数法则对放牧梯度上草原植物群落物种的空间异质性进行了定量研究。结果表明,在不同放牧强度下,种类结构发生明显改变,轻度放牧区羊草和星状刺骨藜、中度放牧区藜和糙隐子草、重度放牧区猪毛菜和多根葱具有高的出现频度,群落物种数随着放牧压力的增大而减小。整体来看,放牧梯度上物种的空间分布呈现明显的聚集分布,物种空间异质性（δi）随着放牧强度的增大而增加,拟合于幂函数规律曲线;群落的空间异质性（δc）随着轻牧-中牧-重牧放牧演替的进展呈现降低趋势,种群个体分布呈现片断化特征。在群落内部各个种群具有不同的异质化分布特点,物种结构主要表现出密集型种群和疏散型种群两大类型。这些趋势与种群的繁殖策略、生活史对策、群落的再生产策略等生理与生态特性密切相关。 |
| 关 键 词： | 幂函数法则 频度 种群分布 空间异质性 放牧梯度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-10-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2010-12-20 |
Analysis of Species Heterogeneity in the Hulunbeier Steppe with Different Grazing Intensities by a Power-law Model |
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| Wuyunna , ZHANG Feng-jie , Shiyomi Masae , HU Gaowa.Analysis of Species Heterogeneity in the Hulunbeier Steppe with Different Grazing Intensities by a Power-law Model[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,30(3):689-696. | |
| Authors: | Wuyunna ZHANG Feng-jie Shiyomi Masae HU Gaowa |
| Institution: | Wuyunna1,ZHANG Feng-jie1,Shiyomi Masae2,HU Gaowa3(1.College of Life Science,Dalian Nationalities University,Dalian 116600,Liaoning,China,2.Ibaraki University,Mito 310-8512,Japan,3.Grassland station of New Barag Right Banner,New Barag Right Banner 021300,Inner Mongolia,China) |
| Abstract: | We compared the occurrence frequencies and spatial heterogeneity of individual plant species at three grassland sites with different grazing intensity in the northeast Inner Mongolian steppe. We arranged 3 transects 50 m long at three sites with light grazing, moderate grazing, and heavy grazing, in which 100 quadrats of 50 cm×50 cm (composed of four 25 cm×25 cm cells) were arranged. All species occurring in each cell were recorded by name and were analyzed using a power-law model. The most frequent species were Bassia dasyphylla and Leymus chinense in the lightly grazed site, Chenopodiaceae album and Cleistogenes squarrosa in the moderately grazed site, and Salsola collina and Allium polyrhizum in the heavily grazed site. At the community level, the species richness and the spatial heterogeneity, evaluated based on the frequency of occurrence, decreased with increased grazing intensity. The spatial heterogeneity at the species level tended to increased with increased grazing intensity. These results indicated that with higher grazing intensity, communities and the species in those communities were more fragmented, more aggregated, and contained more exclusive crowds. These characteristics in each species and the three communities appeared to be related to the reproduction strategies, life history, and physio-ecological characteristics of each species. |
| Keywords: | power-law species occurrence population distribution spatial heterogeneity grazing gradient |
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