| 乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地表风沙流结构特征 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 刘芳,郝玉光,辛智鸣,陈海玲,徐军,赵英铭.乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地表风沙流结构特征[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(5):1200-1207. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 刘芳 郝玉光 辛智鸣 陈海玲 徐军 赵英铭 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 中国林业科学研究院 沙漠林业实验中心, 内蒙古 磴口 015200 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD16B0103);国家林业科技推广项目([2012]31号);中央级院所基本科研业务专项项目(CAF-YBB2011005-6)资助 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 在国家林业局磴口荒漠生态站长期监测的基础上，利用多种积沙仪，对乌兰布和沙漠东北缘流动沙丘、油蒿半固定沙丘、白刺半固定沙丘、油蒿固定沙丘、白刺固定沙丘5种典型下垫面近地面（0～100 cm）的风沙流输沙量进行了实地观测和对比分析。结果表明：（1） 输沙率（q）随高度（h）增加呈幂函数（q=ah-b，R2≥0.8409）规律衰减，随风速（v）增大呈幂函数（q=avb，R2≥0.9256）规律增加，42.8%～70.7%的输沙量分布在10 cm高度内，67.6%～90.0%的输沙量分布于30 cm高度内。当地表植被盖度达到40%以上时，输沙率下降至无植被覆盖地表输沙率的6.6%以下，可有效阻止地表风蚀。（2） 沙物质主要由粒径为50～250 μm的细沙和极细沙构成，各高度层风蚀物粒度组成服从单峰态分布，峰值在100～250 μm。随高度增加，风蚀物粒径范围趋于变窄，粒径趋于更细。（3） 起沙风多出现在WSW和NW方向，占全年起沙风的53.19%。风沙流中跃移输沙、蠕移输沙的空间分布在理论上应与风向频率分布基本一致，差异性主要由各方位风的强度和持续时间等因素导致。研究结果可为该区域防沙工程设计提供理论参考。
|
| 关 键 词： | 风沙流结构 输沙率 粒度 乌兰布和沙漠 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-12-16; |
| 修稿时间： | 2014-02-27 |
The Surface Aeolian-sand Flow Structure in the Northeastern Margin of the Ulanbuh Desert |
| |
| Liu Fang,Hao Yuguang,Xin Zhiming,Chen Hailing,Xu Jun,Zhao Yingming.The Surface Aeolian-sand Flow Structure in the Northeastern Margin of the Ulanbuh Desert[J].Journal of Desert Research,2014,34(5):1200-1207. |
| |
| Authors: | Liu Fang Hao Yuguang Xin Zhiming Chen Hailing Xu Jun Zhao Yingming |
| |
| Institution: | Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, Inner Mongolia, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Based on long time monitoring data at Dengkou Desert Ecology Station and observation data from various of sand traps in 2011, aeolian-sand flow structure at 0～100 cm is analyzed over five typical types of underlying surface which include moving dune, Artemisia ordosica semi-fixed dune, Nitraria tanqutorum semi-fixed dune, Artemisia ordosica fixed dune and Nitraria tanqutorum fixed dune in northeastern margin of the Ulanbuh Desert. The results show: (1) The sand transport rate(q) decreases with the increase of height (h) in power function q=a×h-b(R2≥0.8409), and increases with the increase of wind velocity (v) in power function q=avb, (R2≥0.9256); The sand transport flux in 0-10 cm accounts for 42.8%-70.7%, and the sand transport flux in 0-30 cm accounts for 67.6%-90.0%. When vegetation coverage is 40%, sand transport rate is 6.6% of moving dune with no vegetation cover, and surface wind erosion can be effectively prevented.(2) Sand materials mainly are composed of fine sand and very fine sand (50-250 μm). Wind erosion sand grain size composition at each height follows unimodal distribution, and the peak is between 100-250 μm. With the increase of height, wind erosion sand grain size range become more narrow, and grain size become more fine. (3) The driving-sand wind direction concentrates at WNW and NW accounting for 53.19%. The directional distribution of saltation aeolian-sand flow and creep aeolian-sand flow should be almost the same in theory, and differences are mainly caused by directions of wind intensity and duration. |
| |
| Keywords: | aeolian-sand flow structure sand transport rate grain size Ulanbuh Desert |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《中国沙漠》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《中国沙漠》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
