| 一次特强沙尘暴成因及近地面要素脉动特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 沈洁,李耀辉,胡田田,尹晗.一次特强沙尘暴成因及近地面要素脉动特征[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(2):507-517. |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈洁 李耀辉 胡田田 尹晗 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730020;2. 兰州大学 大气科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;3. 西宁市气象局, 青海 西宁 810000;4. 解放军93801部队, 陕西 咸阳 712000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2008CB417213);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY201006023);国家自然科学基金项目(40645027)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文利用实况观测资料以及NCAR/NCEP再分析格点资料，分析了2010年4月24日河西走廊一次特强沙尘暴成因，重点探讨了沙尘暴过境民勤时近地面层气象要素脉动特征及其相互关系。结果表明：（1）造成本次特强沙尘暴过程的影响系统为乌拉尔山脊前低槽，由于槽后脊前强偏北气流将极地的干冷空气不断输送到低压槽中，低槽发展，槽前锋区加强，从而为形成本次特强沙尘暴提供了有利的环流场形势。（2）在沙尘暴过境前后，民勤近地面气象要素变化特征明显。（3）沙尘暴过境时，民勤3 h变压对风速有明显影响，变压梯度的显著差异引起大风，且随3 h变压调整风速也相应呈波动变化，瞬变周期约8 h；PM10、能见度也随风速而产生波动变化，3 h变压、地面风速、PM10之间相互作用，呈现明显的脉动特征。
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| 关 键 词： | 特强沙尘暴 成因 近地面要素 脉动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-01-11; |
| 修稿时间： | 2013-04-18 |
Causes and Surface Elements Characteristics of a Heavy Sand-storm in 2010 in Minqin of Gansu,China |
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| Shen Jie,Li Yaohui,Hu Tiantian,Yin Han.Causes and Surface Elements Characteristics of a Heavy Sand-storm in 2010 in Minqin of Gansu,China[J].Journal of Desert Research,2014,34(2):507-517. |
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| Authors: | Shen Jie Li Yaohui Hu Tiantian Yin Han |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of China Meteorological Administration, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;2. Atmospheric Science College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;3. Meteorological Bureau of Xining, Xining 810000, China;4. Unit 93801 of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xianyang 712000, Shannxi, China |
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| Abstract: | By using the actual observation data and NCAR/NCEP reanalyzed data, this paper analyzes the atmospheric formations of a heavy sand-storm occurred in Minqin, Hexi Corridor on April 24, 2010, and discusses the pulsation characteristics of the surface layer meteorological factors. The heavy sand-storm weather was touched off mainly by Ural low trough before ridge, high level jet stream, surface thermal pressure and cold front etc. Characteristics of the surface layer meteorological factors are much significant in Minqin during the sand-storm process. Three-hour variation of surface atmospheric pressure obviously influences surface wind speed that presents fluctuant variation with about eight-hour period, and then causes the concentration of PM10 and visibility change fluctuantly. There are interactions among three-hour variation of surface atmospheric pressure, surface wind speed and PM10 concentration, and all present significantly pulsation characteristics. |
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| Keywords: | heavy sand-storm causes surface meteorological factors pulsation |
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