| 中国风沙物理研究五十年(Ⅰ) |
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| 引用本文： | 董治宝.中国风沙物理研究五十年(Ⅰ)[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):293-305. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董治宝 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3SW341)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 2005年中国沙漠研究已经走过了50a的历程,作为沙漠科学重要组成部分的风沙物理学研究在中国亦有50a的历史了。本文较为详细地全面回顾了20世纪50年代中后期至90年代后期中国科学院知识创新工程实施之前我国风沙物理研究所做的主要工作和取得的成就,以期对相关的研究者有所帮助。这一时期的工作可以分为两个阶段。20世纪50年代中后期至60年代中期为理论准备和野外观测积累阶段,引进西方和前苏联在风沙物理学方面的研究成果,配合我国防沙治沙实践的需要开展野外观测研究。研究手段以大面积考察、半定位试验观测和定位试验为主。研究成果体现在风沙移动规律的初步认识、沙丘移动规律、中国沙丘活动的总体规律、防沙措施的布设原则和风沙运动理论的初步探讨等几个方面。1967年我国第一个风沙环境风洞建成使用,使风沙物理学的实验研究成为可能。自20世纪80年代开始同时向微观领域深入和向宏观领域扩展,风沙颗粒运动学、风沙流、风沙地貌动力、土壤风蚀和防沙原理等风沙物理学的主要领域得到了全面发展,在一些前沿探索领域亦有重要成就。
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| 关 键 词： | 风沙物理 研究成就 中国 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X(2005)03-0293-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年8月15日 |
Research Achievements in Aeolian Physics in China for the Last Five Decades ( Ⅰ ) |
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| DONG Zhi-bao.Research Achievements in Aeolian Physics in China for the Last Five Decades ( Ⅰ )[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(3):293-305. |
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| Authors: | DONG Zhi-bao |
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| Abstract: | The aeolian physics research in China dates back to 1955 when aeolian research was started to control the blown sand in the north of China. This paper presents a detailed overall review of the research achievements in aeolian physics between the late 1950's and implantation of the CAS's Knowledge Innovation Project in the late 1990's. From the late 1950's to mid 1960's, aeolian physics research in China focused on introducing the basic knowledge with respect to blown sand movement from other countries, mainly the former Soviet Union. At the same time, field survey, investigation and observation were conducted to obtain basic data about aeolian physics. Achievements in this stage is summarized: a preliminary insight of blown sand movement, dune advancement, the activities of the dune fields in the north of China, design principles of blown sand control and a few theoretical attempts in blown sand and dune movement. The first blowing sand wind tunnel was set up in 1967, making it possible to study aeolian physics by experimental methods. Since the 1980's the research of aeolian physics in China had been extending to both micro and macro fields. The research work was involved in every main aspect of aeolian physics, such as the dynamics of blown sand particle movement, blowing sand cloud, soil erosion by wind, dynamics of aeolian geomorphology and the principles of blown sand control. At the same time, helpful attempts were also made in some future promising research fields. |
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| Keywords: | Aeolian physics research achievements China |
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