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| 洞庭湖环境系统变化对水文情势的响应 | |
| 引用本文： | 李景保,秦建新,王克林,梁成军,袁华斌.洞庭湖环境系统变化对水文情势的响应[J].地理学报,2004,59(2):239-248. |
| 作者姓名： | 李景保 秦建新 王克林 梁成军 袁华斌 |
| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙,410081;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙,410125;湖南城市学院,益阳,413000 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-SW-415)~~ |
| 摘 要： | 为全面揭示洞庭湖近数十年的水情异常与成因，将湖区视作一个大系统来研究。经水位～流量关系等多种方法研究表明：(1)入湖四水尾闾同水位流量减少1200～2800m^3／s，同流量水位抬高0．49～1．28m；(2)荆江三口分水比减少19．2％，分沙比减少25．1％：(3)澧水、松滋、南洞庭湖等主洪道的水位流量关系均发生了较大变化；(4)天然调蓄能力下降40％，湖口同流量水位抬高1．80～2．50m;(5)7～8月湖垸关系常处于危急状态。其主要原因是泥沙淤积恶性循环，导致了湖泊环境系统功能的变化，而由下荆江3处裁弯所引起的江湖水沙调整则加速了其变化过程。这些变化过程对水情的复合响应是：入湖水沙呈逐渐减少趋势变化，洪水位普遍抬高1．50～1．80m，湖口有时出现江水倒流，洪水涨率增大，高洪水位持续时间长等异常水文现象，且给湖区造成了巨大的洪水压力。 |
| 关 键 词： | 洞庭湖 水位流量 泥沙淤积 水文响应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2003-08-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年8月28日 |
The Response of Environment System Changes of Dongting Lake to Hydrological Situation |
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| LI Jingbao,QIN Jianxin,WANG Kelin,LIANG Chengjun,YUAN Huabin.The Response of Environment System Changes of Dongting Lake to Hydrological Situation[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2004,59(2):239-248. | |
| Authors: | LI Jingbao QIN Jianxin WANG Kelin LIANG Chengjun YUAN Huabin |
| Institution: | 1. College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; 2. Institute of Subtropical Agricultural, CAS, Changsha 410125, China; 3. Hunan City College, Yiyang 413000, China |
| Abstract: | To fu1ly reveal the water abnormity and its formative causes in Dongting Lake during recent decades, this paper takes Dongting Lake as a big system. Researches through a variety of methods such as the relation between water-level and runoff show: (1) The runoff on the same water-level reduces 1200 m3/s-2800 m3/s in the lower reaches of the four rivers flowing into the lake, the water-level with the same runoff runs up 0.49 m-1.28 m; (2) The dividing-water ratios of the three bayous of the Jingjiang River reduces by 19.2%, and the dividing-sand ratios 25.1%; (3) Great changes have taken place in the relation between water-level and runoff in the main flooding roads such as Li River, Songzi and southern Dongting Lake etc.; (4) The natural regulation and storage capacity fall off by 40%, the water-level with the same runoff at the bayous drives up 1.80 m-2.50 m; (5) The relation between lake and protective embankment is often at hazard during the period of July and August. The main reason is that the filling-up of mud-sand arises a vicious circle which leads to environmental function changes of the lake system, and the water-sand adjustment from the three curve-cuttings on the lower reaches of Jingjiang River accelerates the change process. |
| Keywords: | Dongting Lake water-level & runoff sediment deposition hydrological response |
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