| 长江中游城市群空间结构演变历程与特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱政,朱翔,李霜霜.长江中游城市群空间结构演变历程与特征[J].地理学报,2021,76(4):799-817. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱政 朱翔 李霜霜 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学美术学院环境设计系,长沙410081;湖南师范大学地理科学学院,长沙410081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金青年项目(19CJL026) |
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| 摘 要： | 城市群空间结构反映了城市群中城市的等级结构、职能结构和联系形态,代表了城市群在一定时间范围内的扩张模式与发展特征。本文选取中国首个获批复的国家级城市群——长江中游城市群作为研究对象,收集其1990—2019年的LULC、Landsat等图像资料以及城镇人口等数据,通过空间数据库构建、方格网系统建立、城镇扩张程度计算、扩张玫瑰图构建,从宏观、微观层面研究了长江中游城市群1990—2019年的空间结构演变历程及特征,并按照历史发展特征及规律,对2025年、2030年的发展态势进行情景分析。结果表明：① 1990—2019年长江中游城市群的空间结构经历了“三中心”到“一核双心多组团”,再到“双核多心多组团”模式的历程。作为“双核”的武汉城市圈、长株潭城市群已发展为巨型核心,在2020—2030年期间将继续扩张,成为面积达2000 km2和1500 km2的超巨型核心。而南昌规模相对较小,将继续作为辐射江西的区域发展中心。目前已形成了襄阳、宜昌、荆州、常德、衡阳、九江、上饶等7个发展次中心,在未来有望进一步增加。② 在发展历程中,逐渐形成了长江沿线、武汉—长沙、武汉—南昌、南昌—长沙4条城镇化发展主轴和多条发展次轴,但由于缺乏强有力的边界枢纽和桥头堡,轴线对城市群的辐射带动作用有待进一步提升。③ 城市群发展存在一些问题,包括武汉城市圈与长株潭城市群的核心极化作用过强并出现连绵发展趋势、江西缺乏强有力发展核心、城镇建成区过度集中导致环境问题等。亟待从控制核心扩张速度、培育新的区域中心、强化轴线功能等方面进行调控和优化。
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| 关 键 词： | 空间结构 情景分析 演变历程 演变特征 长江中游城市群 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-12-27 |
Evolution process and characteristics of spatial structure of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River |
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| ZHU Zheng,ZHU Xiang,LI Shuangshuang.Evolution process and characteristics of spatial structure of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2021,76(4):799-817. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Zheng ZHU Xiang LI Shuangshuang |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Design, Fine Arts Academy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China2. College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China |
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| Abstract: | The spatial structure reflects the hierarchical structure, functional structure, and community form between cities in the urban agglomeration, representing the expansion model and development characteristics of the urban agglomeration within a certain time range. In this study, the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMRYR), which is the first approved national urban agglomeration in China, is selected as the research object. The land use / land cover datasets, Landsat images, and urban population data were used in this study to analyze the evolution process and characteristics of the UAMRYR during 1990-2019 at the macro and micro levels. The research methodology includes the development of the spatial database, construction of the grid system, calculation of the urban expansion degree, and building of the expansion rose map. Based on the characteristics and the rules of historical development, a scenario analysis is processed on the development situation for 2020 and 2030. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) From 1990 to 2019, the spatial structure of the UAMRYR has transitioned from "three centers" into "single core, double centers, and multi- clusters", and then into "double cores, multi-centers, and multi-clusters". The "double cores" of the Wuhan metropolitan area and the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration has developed into giant cores and will continue to expand during 2020-2030, becoming superlarge cores with built-up areas of about 2000 km2 and 1500 km2, respectively. Nanchang is relatively small and would remain as the regional development center radiating the Jiangxi Province. Seven development sub-centers have been formed, namely Xiangyang, Yichang, Jingzhou, Changde, Hengyang, Jiujiang, and Shangrao, and are expected to increase further in the future. (2) In the development process, four main axes of the Yangtze River, Wuhan to Changsha, Wuhan to Nanchang, Nanchang to Changsha, and several secondary axes have been formed. However, due to the lack of strong border hub and bridgehead city, the driving force of the axes on the urban agglomeration needs to be further improved. (3) There are several development problems in the area. The polarization effects of cores in the Wuhan metropolitan area and the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration are extremely strong and continue to present a development trend. Jiangxi Province lacks a strong core, thus various environmental problems emerged due to the over-concentration of urban built-up areas. These places are urgently adjusted in order to control the speed of expansion, cultivate new regional centers, and strengthen the axis function. |
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| Keywords: | spatial structure scenario analysis evolution process evolution characteristics urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMRYR) |
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