| 地图水系综合中等高线簇与河网协同的汇水区域提取方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 舒方国,龙毅,周侗,曹阳.地图水系综合中等高线簇与河网协同的汇水区域提取方法[J].测绘学报,2013,42(5):774-781. |
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| 作者姓名： | 舒方国 龙毅 周侗 曹阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院;2. 南通市规划编制研究中心; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(41171350;41071288;41271449);高等学校博士点基金(20103207110012);江苏省高校研究生科技创新计划基金(CXZZ11_0876) |
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| 摘 要： | 在地图水系自动综合中河流选取需要建立对不同河流重要性程度的有效判别。由于河流汇水区域直接反映河流的作用空间，因而其面积大小成为关键性的量化指标。目前基于河流的汇水区域自动提取方法主要从河流单一要素出发，按“空间均衡竞争”思想平分河流之间的区域，由于未考虑地形因素使得提取的汇水区域往往存在偏差，而传统基于DEM的汇水区域提取虽然考虑了地形，但没有与河流目标建立显性的对应关系。河流是一种天然的沟谷地性线，与山脊线具有对生互补的空间耦合关系，本文提出了一种等高线簇与河网双要素协同的河流汇水区域提取方法，该方法对河流与等高线的目标集合构建约束Delaunay三角网(CD-TIN)并将三角形分类，对不同类型的三角形分别采用骨架线提取规则与梯度向量引导的分水线搜索规则提取分水线段，连接形成网络结构并依此计算各河段的汇水区域。实验结果表明，本算法能更准确地提取河流汇水区域，从而为河流综合选取提供有效支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 等高线 河流 分水线 汇水区域 CD-TIN |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-06-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012-10-12 |
An Extraction Method of Catchment Basin Based on Cooperation of Contour Cluster and River Network in Map River System Generalization |
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| SHU Fangguo;LONG Yi;ZHOU Tong;CAO Yang.An Extraction Method of Catchment Basin Based on Cooperation of Contour Cluster and River Network in Map River System Generalization[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2013,42(5):774-781. |
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| Authors: | SHU Fangguo;LONG Yi;ZHOU Tong;CAO Yang |
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| Institution: | SHU Fangguo;LONG Yi;ZHOU Tong;CAO Yang;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Nanjing Normal University;School of Geographic Science,Nantong University;Nantong Urban Planning and Research Center; |
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| Abstract: | The extraction of river catchment basin is one of the fundamental problems in automatic cartographic generalization of river networks, the catchment basin area is a mostly used index to quantify the importance of river in the networks. There are two commonly used methods to extract catchment areas. One method is to split regions between the rivers medially without considering topographic information, but with this method the extracted catchment basin areas often deviate from the actual situation. Another method is to extract rivers and watersheds from the DEM data, and then to compute the catchment basin areas, however, the extracted rivers is different from the real river objects after all, so the extracted catchment basin areas are not corresponding with the real river objects completely. This paper proposed a catchment basin extraction algorithm based on the cooperation of contour clusters and river networks according to their natural spatial relation. The constrained Delaunay TIN（CD-TIN） was constructed to organize the topographical information of contour clusters and river networks, then the triangles were classified and two watershed extraction method was discussed separately. The watershed segments extracted from the typical triangles with the specific rules were subsequently connected to form the watershed network in order to build the catchment basins. The algorithm’s effectiveness was confirmed with the experiment and the result was in accordance with the terrain characteristics. |
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