| 利用无人机立体摄影技术获取森林资源信息 |
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| 引用本文： | 何诚,董志海,王越,李瑾,厉开平,侯森林.利用无人机立体摄影技术获取森林资源信息[J].测绘通报,2020,0(6):28-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何诚 董志海 王越 李瑾 厉开平 侯森林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京森林警察学院, 江苏 南京 210023;2. 北京市测绘设计研究院, 北京 100038;3. 野生动植物物证技术国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央高校基金（LGYB202009）；国家自然科学基金（31870643）；江苏省“青蓝工程”中青年学术带头人培养工程；江苏省“六大人才高峰”培养工程（XYDXX-040）；南京森林警察学院优秀科技创新团队 |
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| 摘 要： | 无人机的航空摄影测量技术让传统森林调查的手段向数字化和智能化方向发展。为了提高森林资源信息采集的精度和效率，减少外业工作时间，降低工作强度，本文对利用无人机立体摄影技术获取森林资源信息的方法及其精度进行了研究。利用旋翼无人机搭载五目相机获取了研究区域的三维立体影像，通过软件在立体影像中提取树高、三维坐标、冠幅及面积；通过全站仪、胸径尺和RTK载波相位差分技术等高精技术获取上述森林资源信息，并以此作为真值检测无人机立体摄影技术，获取森林资源信息的精度。结果表明，无人机立体摄影技术提取25棵样本树木的树高相对误差平均值为0.61%；无人机提取值与人工实测冠幅值线性模型y=0.998 9x+0.068 5，相关系数R2=0.98，说明无人机立体摄影技术获取冠幅精度高；无人机获取三维坐标定位的真误差区间为-13，17]，其中高程坐标的离散区间大于平面坐标离散区间，平面坐标的精度为3 cm左右，而高程坐标的精度为10 cm左右；无人机立体摄影技术获取样本面积值和全站仪测量面积值（拟定为真值）比较接近，相关系数达0.98。由此可得，无人机立体摄影技术可以高精度地获取森林资源信息，可以提高效率，节约成本并降低工作强度，具有较高的实际推广价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 无人机 三维摄影技术 测量 树木特征因子 精度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-04-17 |
Forest resource data obtained by UAV stereo photography |
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| HE Cheng,DONG Zhihai,WANG Yue,LI Jin,LI Kaiping,HOU Senlin.Forest resource data obtained by UAV stereo photography[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2020,0(6):28-31. |
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| Authors: | HE Cheng DONG Zhihai WANG Yue LI Jin LI Kaiping HOU Senlin |
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| Institution: | 1. Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China;2. Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100038, China;3. Key Laboratory of Wildlife Evidence Technology State Forest and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210023, China |
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| Abstract: | The aerial photogrammetry technology of UAV makes traditional forest survey methods develop towards digitalization and intelligence. In order to improve the precision and efficiency of forest resource information collection, reduce field work time and work intensity, the method and precision of obtaining forest resource data by UAV stereo photography technology are studied in this paper. A three-dimensional stereo image of the study area was acquired by using a rotorcraft equipped with a five-eye camera. The tree height, three-dimensional coordinates, crown width, and area were extracted from the image by software. All these was y=0.998 9x+0.068 5, the correlation coefficient R2=0.98,indicating a high precision of crown width obtained by UAV stereo photography. The true error interval of the three-dimensional coordinate positioning was between -13 and 17, in which the discrete interval of the elevation coordinate was greater than the planar coordinate, the precision of the planar coordinate is about 3 cm, while elevation coordinate is about 10 cm. The sample area values obtained by the stereo photography technology were close to true values and the correlation coefficient is 0.98. It could be obtained that the UAV stereo photography technology had a high precision of obtaining forest resource information data, which improved efficiency, saved costs, reduced work intensity, and had higher practical promotion value. |
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| Keywords: | unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 3D photography measure tree characteristic factors precision |
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