The Origin of Cosmic Rays from Supernova Remnants |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008;2. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;1. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033;2. Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033;3. School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023;1. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033;2. Key Laboratory for Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;4. Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232;1. Key Laboratory foe Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210033;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;3. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026;1. National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600;2. Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600;3. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 |
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| Abstract: | The origin of cosmic rays is one of the key questions in high-energy astrophysics. Supernovae have been always considered as the dominant sources of cosmic rays below the energy spectrum knee. Multi-wavelength observations indeed show that supernova remnants are capable for accelerating particles into sub-PeV (10 eV) energies. Diffusive shock acceleration is considered as one of the most efficient acceleration mechanisms of astrophysical high-energy particles, which may just operate effectively in the large-scale shocks of supernova remnants. Recently, a series of high-precision ground and space experiments have greatly promoted the study of cosmic rays and supernova remnants. New observational features challenge the classical acceleration model by diffusive shock and the application to the scenario of supernova remnants for the origin of Galactic cosmic rays, and have deepened our understanding to the cosmic high-energy phenomena. In combination with the time evolution of radiation energy spectrum of supernova remnants, a time-dependent particle acceleration model is established, which can not only explain the anomalies in cosmic-ray distributions around 200 GV, but also naturally form the cosmic-ray spectrum knee, even extend the contribution of supernova particle acceleration to cosmic ray flux up to the spectrum ankle. This model predicts that the high-energy particle transport behavior is dominated by the turbulent convection, which needs to be verified by future observations and plasma numerical simulations relevant to the particle transport. |
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| Keywords: | Cosmic rays ISM: supernova remnants acceleration of particles shock waves |
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