Compressive and rarefactive double layers in non-uniform plasma with $$-nonextensive distributed electrons |
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| Authors: | S Ali Shan H Saleem |
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| Institution: | 1.Theoretical Physics Division,PINSTECH,Islamabad,Pakistan;2.Department of Space Science,Institute of Space Technology (IST),Islamabad,Pakistan;3.Theoretical Research Institute Pakistan Academy of Sciences (TRIPAS),Islamabad,Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Electrostatic solitary waves and double layers (DLs) formed by the coupled ion acoustic (IA) and drift waves have been investigated in non-uniform plasma using \(q\)-nonextensive distribution function for the electrons and assuming ions to be cold \(T_{i}< T_{e}\). It is found that both compressive and rarefactive nonlinear structures (solitary waves and DLs) are possible in such a system. The steeper gradients are supportive for compressive solitary (and double layers) and destructive for rarefactive ones. The \(q\)-nonextensivity parameter \(q\) and the magnitudes of gradient scale lengths of density and temperature have significant effects on the amplitude of the double layers (and double layers) as well as on the speed of these structures. This theoretical model is general which has been applied here to the \(F\)-region ionosphere for illustration. |
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