Evolution of electron and proton temperatures in a flaring loop |
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| Authors: | Nagai F Wu S T Tandberg-Hanssen E |
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| Institution: | (1) Marshall Space Flight Center, 35812 Huntsville, AL, U.S.A.;(2) The University of Alabama in Huntsville, 35899 Huntsville, AL, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | We have investigated numerically how a temperature difference between electrons and protons is produced in a flaring loop by adopting a one-fluid, two-temperature model instead of a single-temperature model. We have treated a case in which flare energy is released in the form of heating of electrons located in the top part of the loop.In this case, a large temperature difference (T
e/T
p  10) appears in the corona in the energy-input phase of the flare. When the material evaporated from the chromosphere fills the corona, the temperature difference in the loop begins to shrink rapidly from below. Eventually, in the loop apex, the proton temperature exceeds the electron temperature mainly due to cooling of the electrons by conduction down the loop and heating of the protons by compression of the ascending material. In the late phase of the flare (t 15 min from the flare onset), the temperature difference becomes less than 2% of the mean temperature of electrons and protons at every point in the loop. |
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