| 摘要: |
| 了解岸线的变化对海岸开发利用有重要意义。本文以Landsat MSS、TM、ETM+、OLI 影像为主要数据源, 采用人机交互的方式提取1973～2013 年的4 期三门湾大陆岸线, 获取岸线长度以及陆域变化面积等信息, 并以县级市(象山县、宁海县、三门县)为单位分段分析岸线时空变化特征。在此基础上, 结合研究区新增土地利用类型的解译结果, 对三门湾地区海岸开发方式进行系统分析。结果表明:1973～2013 年三门湾岸线总体向海推进, 总长度减少40.18 km, 沿岸陆域面积增加155.89 km2, 其中2000～2013 年岸线向海扩张最为显著, 近40 a 来, 在沿海三县中, 宁海县岸段岸线变迁最为剧烈; 海岸人为开发是岸线变化的主导因素, 且开发方式时间异质性显著: 早期以围垦造田、堵港蓄淡为主, 20 世纪80 年代后期至20 世纪末, 偏重围垦养殖, 进入21 世纪, 开发规模大幅增长, 围垦造田和养殖依然是海岸开发的主要方式, 同时城镇、工业建设等围填海规模迅增, 港口码头建设也加快了步伐, 海岸开发方式呈现多样化。 |
| 关键词: 三门湾 遥感 海岸线变迁 土地利用 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20141011004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中欧国际合作龙计划3 期项目: Monitoring China's Coastal Zones and Adjacent Seas Under Global Change by Satellite Data (10470) |
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| Monitoring and analysis of coastline changes of the Sanmen Bay with remote sensing during the past 40 years |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+ and OLI images obtained from the Sanmen Bay, the coastlines during four periods from 1973 to 2013 were extracted by visual interpretation, and the lengths of coastline and the changes of land area were obtained. Specifically, we divided the Sanmen Bay coastline to three parts (Xiangshan-County, Ninghai County and Sanmen County) to analyze the spatial and temporal coastline changes. Furthermore, with the interpretation of land use type in coastline displacement area, systematic analysis of coastal development of the Sanmen Bay was performed. The results reveal that most parts of the coastline of Sanmen Bay showed a growing trend towards the sea from 1973 to 2013, while the whole length decreased by 40.18 km, there was a increase of 155.89 km in land area. The period with the most significant change was from 2000 to 2013, and the coastal section with the most significant change was Ninghai County during the past 40 years. The human development was the dominant factor for the Sanmen Bay coastline changes, and the development mode had significant temporal heterogeneity: reclamation of farmland and polder reservoir were the main ways in early stage, and the development focus converted to aquaculture from the late 80's to the end of last century. Since the beginning of the 21th century, the reclamation of farmland and aquaculture was still the main mode of coastal development. The scale of reclamation for urban and industrial construction increased rapidly, and the port construction accelerated at the same time. The way of coastal development was diverse. |
| Key words: the Sanmen Bay remote sensing coastline changes land use |
