共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 90 毫秒
1.
页岩气吸附机理的研究对于页岩气成藏和储量评价具有重要意义.甲烷在地层温度和压力条件下处于超临界状态,页岩气的吸附实际上为超临界吸附,但其机理目前尚不明确.在建立Ono-Kondo格子模型的基础上,结合低温氮气吸附和高压甲烷等温吸附实验,对龙马溪组页岩的微观孔隙结构和超临界吸附曲线进行了分析.结果表明,页岩中发育的孔隙尺度较小,比表面积较大,吸附气主要赋存于微孔和中孔中;页岩的等温吸附曲线在压力较大时,必然存在下降的趋势,这并非异常现象,而是超临界甲烷过剩吸附量的本质特征.Ono-Kondo格子模型对页岩高压等温吸附曲线的拟合效果很好,相关系数均在0.99以上,说明该模型可以表征页岩纳米孔隙中超临界甲烷的吸附特征.基于拟合得到的吸附相密度可将过剩吸附量转换为绝对吸附量,并直接计算地层温度和压力下甲烷的吸附分子层数,计算层数均小于1,表明甲烷分子并没有铺满整个孔隙壁面.因此受流体性质、吸附剂吸附能力和孔隙结构3个方面的影响,页岩气的吸附机理为单层吸附,不可能为双层甚至多层吸附. 相似文献
2.
3.
采用氧化还原共沉淀法制备铁锰氧化物/硅藻土复合物,考察原料配比、反应温度、焙烧温度及溶液pH值、离子强度对该复合物吸附磷性能的影响,同时开展吸附等温线、XRD和IR等分析。结果表明,2. 5 g硅藻土与1. 0 mmol锰、3. 0 mmol二价铁、3. 0 mmol三价铁制备的复合物在20℃、pH值为6时对磷的吸附量为10. 84 mg/g,较硅藻土提高约3. 6倍;沉淀反应温度对复合物吸附性能影响很小,焙烧温度400～500℃有利于复合物对磷的吸附;吸附量随溶液pH值的增大而减小,pH值较低时吸附作用主要是静电吸引和内层络合,pH值较高时减弱的静电吸引和内层络合与有利于吸附的内层络合共吸附综合作用,表现为吸附量减小;吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,饱和吸附量34～37 mg/g,与D-R方程、R-P方程有较好相关性,平均吸附能9. 9～11. 3 kJ/mol,复合物具有微孔结构,有单层也有多层吸附。 相似文献
4.
分配模型认为疏水性有机物在土壤上的吸附过程是一种分配的过程[1,2],平衡分配系数与土壤有机碳的含量存在线性相关关系.Weber和Huang[3,4]提出土壤吸附有机污染物的三端员模式.认为无机矿物表面和无定形有机质对有机污染物的吸附以相分配为主,而凝聚态有机质对有机污染物吸附则表现为非线性的.Pignatello和Xing[5,6]指出双模式吸附模型可将土壤有机质分为溶解相和孔隙填充相两个部分;认为有机污染物在溶解相上的吸附是一个分配过程,而在孔隙填充相中的吸附则服从兰格缪尔吸附等温模型,表现为非线性.可以肯定土壤有机质是引起疏水性有机物非线性吸附过程的主要组分.因此,本研究利用现代分析方法表征土壤有机质的化学组成和结构;定量研究多环芳技烃化合物菲和萘在吸附剂上的等温吸附过程;探讨疏水性有机污染物的非线性等温吸附与吸附剂中有机质化学组成和结构之间的关系. 相似文献
5.
Mg/Al型双金属氧化物对六价铬的吸附作用 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：27
研究了水溶液中六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)在Mg/Al型双金属氧化物(Mg/Al-LDOs)上的吸附情况.双金属氧化物(LDOs)能通过吸附环境中的阴离子和水分子来恢复重建水滑石结构.实验表明,Mg/Al-LDOs对Cr(Ⅵ)有很强的吸附能力,其吸附能力和吸附速度都远大于未焙烧的Mg/Al型水滑石,后者的吸附机制主要是离子-离子交换.吸附动力学研究表明,Mg/Al-LDOs对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附主要发生在0～3h,吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程.Mg/Al-LDOs对Cr(Ⅵ)的平均吸附量大约为64.2mg/g,略低于根据Langmuir方程算出的理论吸附量(74.83mg/g),远小于水滑石的最大阴离子交换容量(301.6mg/g),这主要是环境中的CO2-3离子的竞争吸附引起的. 相似文献
6.
坡缕石粘土对有机染料的吸附热力学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将甘肃靖远坡缕石粘土分离提纯,通过静态吸附实验,研究了坡缕石对水中有机染料亚甲基蓝、结晶紫和苯胺蓝的吸附等温线,探讨了吸附热力学特征.实验结果显示,在实验温度范围内3种染料在坡缕石上的吸附在30 min可达平衡,吸附等温线均能较好符合Langmuir模型,饱和吸附量大小顺序为:结晶紫＞亚甲基蓝＞苯胺蓝;吸附均为吸热过程,亚甲基蓝、结晶紫和苯胺蓝的吸附焓分别为15.52、9.26和2.59 kJ/mol;吸附Gibbs函数约为-35～-30 kJ/mol,吸附熵均大于零,吸附是自发过程. 相似文献
7.
Cd2+在甘肃靖远坡缕石粘土上的吸附作用研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以提纯后的甘肃靖远坡缕石粘土作吸附剂,常温下对水中Cd2 进行吸附实验,考察了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、振荡速率及pH值对吸附效果的影响,并对吸附动力学过程和吸附平衡进行了探讨.XRD和红外光谱分析结果显示,原矿在提纯后杂质石英被有效分离,得到了坡缕石含量较高的提纯样品.吸附实验结果显示,约60 min吸附反应可达平衡;pH值对吸附效果有显著影响,吸附率随pH值的升高而增加,当平衡溶液pH>8时吸附率超过99%;吸附过程与pseudo-second-order Lagergren动力学模型方程有较好的一致性,吸附平衡同时符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型,由Langmuir方程得到饱和吸附量为31.65 mg/g. 相似文献
8.
影响向海湿地草根层土壤吸附铅、镉能力的因素 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
利用向海湿地采集的草根层土壤进行吸附铅、镉的热力学实验,结果表明草根层土壤吸附铅、镉的过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附曲线(n=8,p=0.01).吸附铅、镉存在干扰吸附现象,吸附铅的能力约是吸附镉的能力的3倍.而且草根层土壤吸附铅、镉的最大吸附量与土壤中的有机质和铁、锰氧化物含量存在着正相关性.土壤的理化性质是影响土壤吸附铅、镉能力的内在主要因素;pH等是影响草根层土壤吸附铅、镉能力的外部主要因素. 相似文献
9.
煤中干酪根的成熟度与菲的吸附行为间的关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将云南先锋褐煤采用热模拟的实验方法制得一组成熟度不同的煤,并将煤中的干酪根用于对菲的吸附研究.结果表明:随着干酪根成熟度的增加,有机质结构变得紧密、刚硬,还原性和芳香性增强.不同成熟度干酪根的内部结构和性质与菲的吸附行为间存在一定的关系.随着干酪根内部结构的刚性和芳香性的增强,吸附等温线的非线性逐渐增强.对于成熟度相对较低的干酪根,随着成熟度的增加,吸附容量逐渐增大,而对于成熟度相对较高的干酪根,随着成熟度的增加,吸附容量却减小. 相似文献
10.
我国目前开发的中深层-深层页岩气藏储层压力高.低压下的吸附实验和理论难以满足勘探开发的需要.针对这一问题,对Uniform Langmuir模型进行了修正,发展了一个适用于中深层-深层页岩气的高压吸附模型,即修正的Uniform Langmuir（Unilan）模型.然后,利用文献发表的高压吸附实验数据对修正的Unilan模型进行了验证,并与其他高压吸附模型进行了对比,发现:相对于其他高压吸附模型,修正的Unilan模型具有拟合参数少和精度高的优点.最后,基于拟合得到的Unilan模型参数,结合页岩样品矿物组成,开展了模型参数分析,发现:有机质和黏土矿物对页岩气吸附均有贡献;吸附达到饱和时的吸附相体积大于微孔体积且小于总孔体积;吸附熵变主要与吸附态甲烷分子-页岩的相互作用强度有关. 相似文献
11.
Osama Eljamal Junya Okawauchi Kazuaki Hiramatsu Masayoshi Harada 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(3):859-863
The sorption of phosphorus by using four different natural materials (marble dust, sawdust, soil, and rice husk) was studied by conducting batch tests and kinetic sorption model. The kinetic sorption model based on a pseudo equation was applied to predict the rate constant of sorption. Thorough investigations to understand the mechanism of phosphorus sorption onto the natural materials using kinetic sorption models, pseudo first- and second-order kinetic sorption model showed that the kinetic sorption is consistent with the second-order model, from which it can be inferred that the mechanism of sorption is chemisorption. Batch tests and kinetic sorption model results showed that by using marble dust as sorbent, among other materials, could remove more than 93 % of phosphorus from aqueous solution. 相似文献
12.
采用批量振荡吸附平衡法设计针铁矿和蒙脱石对菲的吸附解吸试验,对比研究了针铁矿和蒙脱石对菲的吸附解吸行为,并考察了不同K＋浓度的溶液对蒙脱石吸附菲的影响,比较分析了线性吸附模型和Freundlich吸附模型描述矿物吸附等温线的准确性,并从吸附热力学角度探讨了矿物的吸附机理。结果表明：针铁矿和蒙脱石对菲的吸附解吸均表现出明显的非线性和解吸滞后现象;相对于线性吸附模型来说,针铁矿和蒙脱石对菲的吸附解吸更符合Freundiich吸附模型;与蒙脱石相比,针铁矿对菲的吸附更为显著,且具有更好的稳定性;溶液中软阳离子K＋的存在使蒙脱石对菲的吸附能力得到显著提高;菲在蒙脱石和针铁矿上的吸附过程是一个自发放热,同时伴随着熵值减小的过程;随着温度的升高,蒙脱石和针铁矿对菲的吸附能力均减弱。 相似文献
13.
Hongguan Yu Weijia Guo Jiulong Cheng Qianting Hu 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2008,74(3-4):250-258
Modelling the sorption properties of coals for carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions is necessary for accurate prediction of the sequestering ability of coals in seams. We present recent data for sorption curves of three dry Argonne Premium coals, for carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen at two different temperatures at pressures up to 15 MPa. The sorption capacity of coals tends to decrease with increasing temperature. An investigation into literature values for sorption of nitrogen and methane by charcoal also show sorption capacities that decrease dramatically with increasing temperature. This is inconsistent with expectations from Langmuir models of coal sorption, which predict a sorption capacity that is independent of temperature. We have successfully fitted the isotherms using a modified Dubinin–Radushkevich equation that uses gas density rather than pressure. A simple pore-filling model that assumes there is a maximum pore width that can be filled in supercritical conditions and that this maximum pore width decreases with increasing temperature, can explain this temperature dependence of sorption capacity. It can also explain why different supercritical gases give apparently different surface sorption capacities on the same material. The calculated heat of sorption for these gases on these coals is similar to those found for these gases on activated carbon. 相似文献
14.
本研究采用批实验方法探究了不同形态洛美沙星(LOM)在高岭土上的吸附特性。LOM吸附动力学结果符合准二级反应动力学方程,吸附等温数据可用Langmuir方程很好地拟合。随着溶液pH值增大,洛美沙星吸附量先增大后减小,且pH值在洛美沙星pKa1与pKa2间吸附量达到最大。不同形态LOM在高岭土上的吸附量排序为LOM^±>LOM^+>LOM^-。溶液离子强度和无机阳离子种类对LOM^+在高岭土上的吸附影响十分微弱,但均明显抑制了LOM^±的吸附,且离子强度越大,抑制作用越明显。不同无机阳离子抑制程度排序为Mg^2+>Ca^2+>K^+>Na^+。LOM^+在高岭土上的吸附机理主要是内层络合和阳离子交换;LOM^±在高岭土上的吸附机理主要是阳离子交换、氢键作用和静电引力作用;LOM^-与高岭土表面存在较大静电斥力,导致吸附量很小,可能是外层表面络合引起少量的吸附。 相似文献
15.
Recent comparisons of CO2 sorption by coals at high pressures have shown major differences between the results obtained by different laboratories. These need to be resolved for laboratory estimation of CO2 sequestration in coal seams to be useful. A compilation of potential sources of error in determination of sorption characteristics and their impact on sorption measurements is provided here. A series of tests is also provided that can be used to identify and reduce such errors in measurement. For example, an error in temperature produces a characteristic distortion of the sorption curve for carbon dioxide, which can be corrected to some extent. A negative value for excess sorption at high pressure is almost certainly diagnostic of either a cell volume that has been overestimated or that some part of the substrate that is inaccessible to the gas is accessible to helium. The major source of variation between results from the different laboratories that supplied the closest sorption values was found to be variations in the assumed free space volume, which could be due to discrepancies in determined helium density or measured cell volume. Including a term in the sorption model that is proportional to gas density will markedly reduce the influence of such errors in estimating sorption capacity or heats of sorption. The influence of swelling and moisture on sorption isotherms is also quantified here. Correction for swelling of coals in carbon dioxide changes the estimated sorption capacity by less than 1%, if a term that is proportional to gas density is included as a free parameter in the model fitting the isotherm. 相似文献
16.
As a gasoline additive, ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) has great market potential and its utilization might cause groundwater contamination problem. However,
little research has been done on its sorption in soil. In this study, the sorption characteristics of ETBE to Chinese reference
soils were studied in batch experiments. The results showed that the ETBE sorption to six soils can be described by linear
sorption isotherm. The temperature influences the sorption process of ETBE to soils. The negative sorption enthalpy (ΔH < 0) indicated that the sorption process was exothermic. Furthermore, ΔH is in a range from −8 to −32 kJ/mol. This showed that van der Waals forces and other specific interactions happened simultaneously
in the sorption process. With the increasing ionic strength, content of ETBE sorption to all soils decreased, which is probably
also an indication of other sorption mechanisms besides ETBE partitioning into soil organic carbon. 相似文献
17.
沉水植物黑藻对沉积物磷吸附动力学的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在室内模拟条件下,通过吸附动力学实验,研究了沉水植物黑藻对沉积物吸附磷动力学模型拟合和吸附速度的影响,并从有机质和铁铝氧化物含量的角度,讨论了沉水植物黑藻对沉积物吸附磷动力学的影响机理。初步得出如下结论:(1)一级反应动力学模型虽然从模型拟合的角度达到了极显著水平,但不能真实地反映沉水植物对沉积物吸附磷动力学过程的影响。其余三个模型均能很好地反映,其中抛物线扩散模型的拟合效果最好,修正的Elovich模型和双常数速率模型的拟合效果较好。种植沉水植物与否并不影响这一趋势;(2)沉水植物黑藻提高了沉积物吸附磷的强度和速度,特别是提高了0～0.5h内的吸附速度,沉水植物影响有机质和铁铝氧化物含量是增强沉积物吸附磷强度和速度的重要机理。 相似文献
18.
This paper considers advective transport of a soluble contaminant through saturated soil with non-linear sorption of the contaminant onto a stationary porous media. The non-linear sorption isotherms considered in the transport analysis are the Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms. A special case of the Freundlich sorption isotherm is the linear sorption isotherm, and it is shown that in this case transport through a homogeneous soil results in the initial concentration profile simply being translated in the direction of the groundwater flow. However, when the sorption isotherm is non-linear the initial concentration profile distorts as it is translated with the groundwater flow, leading to the development of concentration shock fronts and rarefactions. Analytic solutions to the non-linear first-order hyperbolic equations are developed for a number of contaminant transport problems of practical significance. It is shown that in the case of the Langmuir sorption isotherms, shock fronts develop at the leading edge of the concentration profile while for the Freundlich sorption isotherm shock fronts may develop at either the leading or trailing edge of the concentration profile. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 相似文献
19.
扬子地台寒武系泥页岩甲烷吸附特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对采自扬子地区寒武系黄柏岭组、幕府山组和牛蹄塘组的泥页岩进行了甲烷吸附性能及影响因素研究。所分析页岩的TOC含量在1.08%～4.16%之间;粘土矿物含量在36.7%～62.3%之间。页岩样品甲烷吸附量测定结果显示,寒武系页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量与页岩TOC含量之间总体上呈正相关性,表明有机质丰度是控制页岩甲烷吸附能力的重要因素。而粘土矿物总含量与页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量之间缺乏相关性,仅蒙脱石含量与页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量呈正相关性,显示个别粘土矿物具有较强的甲烷吸附及影响页岩吸附性能的作用。寒武系不同地区页岩吸附性能存在显著差异,遵义牛蹄塘组页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在2.76～5.30mL/g之间;南京幕府山组页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在1.36～4.35mL/g之间;池州黄柏岭组泥页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在1.63～2.72mL/g之间。此外,寒武系不同地区页岩有机碳含量与甲烷吸附量之间关系变化很大,显示页岩吸附量不仅受有机质丰度类型的影响,而且受有机质成熟度、区域地质演化以及粘土矿物吸附等多种因素制约。 相似文献
20.
Toluene sorption behavior on soil organic matter and its composition using three typical soils in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Chunmei Han Hui Zhang Qingbao Gu Guanlin Guo Yan Li Fasheng Li 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(3):741-747
The effect of soil organic matter (SOM) content and composition on sorption behavior of toluene for fluvo-aquic, red and black soils in China was investigated in batch experiments. Tested SOM was fractionated into two primary sorptive domains (‘soft’ and ‘hard’) to explain the dependence of sorption behavior on SOM composition. All the tested soils exhibited similar sorption kinetics and nonlinear sorption isotherms. Soils with high SOM content possessed a high sorptive capacity. Clay minerals also contributed to the sorptive capacity, especially for fluvo-aquic and red soils with low SOM content. In comparison, after removing most ‘soft’ SOM fraction from soils through hydrogen peroxide treatment, the residual ‘hard’ SOM fraction of three soil samples exhibited a slower sorption rate and a less sorption capacity compared to the untreated soil samples. The nonlinear degree of sorption was positively correlated with the content of ‘hard’ SOM for all soil samples. This is explained by the combined effect of SOM content and the composition on toluene sorption rates, sorption capacity and nonlinear degree of sorption of three typical soils in China. 相似文献