共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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《岩土力学》2020,(4)
针对高堆石坝坝体变形大且持续时间长的问题,提出了一种提高堆石体压缩模量、减缓流变变形的方法,即利用易流动、后期硬化的高掺粉煤灰水泥砂浆(简称复合浆液)在堆石体摊铺过程中充填堆石体孔隙,在施工碾压的基础上进一步减小堆石体孔隙率。首先通过观测复合浆液在透明玻璃球中的流动性态,研究不同配比与掺量对复合浆液流动特性的影响;然后通过侧限压缩和流变试验,研究掺复合浆液堆石料的压缩模量、流变变形的变化规律。试验结果表明:复合浆液在颗粒体孔隙中的流动性能与粉煤灰掺比、水胶比、砂粒最大粒径以及掺量有关;复合浆液的掺入能有效提高堆石料压缩模量,减少流变变形,且对于软岩料、级配不良料效果更为明显;复合浆液在堆石料中主要起到了充填、胶结与润滑作用。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2021,(4)
针对高堆石坝坝体变形大且持续时间长的问题,提出了一种提高堆石体压缩模量、减缓流变变形的方法,即利用易流动、后期硬化的高掺粉煤灰水泥砂浆(简称复合浆液)在堆石体摊铺过程中充填堆石体孔隙,在施工碾压的基础上进一步减小堆石体孔隙率。首先通过观测复合浆液在透明玻璃球中的流动性态,研究不同配比与掺量对复合浆液流动特性的影响;然后通过侧限压缩和流变试验,研究掺复合浆液堆石料的压缩模量、流变变形的变化规律。试验结果表明:复合浆液在颗粒体孔隙中的流动性能与粉煤灰掺比、水胶比、砂粒最大粒径以及掺量有关;复合浆液的掺入能有效提高堆石料压缩模量,减少流变变形,且对于软岩料、级配不良料效果更为明显;复合浆液在堆石料中主要起到了充填、胶结与润滑作用。 相似文献
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坝体填筑料压缩特性及影响因素分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
堆石料的压缩性直接关系工程的安全问题,对某一抽水蓄能电站坝体填筑料开展多组大型侧限压缩试验,结果表明,堆石料的压缩模量较大、压缩指数很小。只有在应力超过颗粒破碎应力以后堆石料压缩曲线才会发生较大程度的下降,且认为颗粒破碎应力是堆石料发生弹塑性变形的转折点,对于不同初始孔隙比的同一种堆石料,在极高的应力状态下它们的压缩曲线会聚到唯一的极限压缩曲线LCC。压缩曲线中堆石料的卸荷回弹量非常小,表明其是弹性变形。不论何种加载路径材料的初始级配决定了堆石料的最终压缩状态,且随着母岩强度的增加、初始孔隙比或者泥岩含量的减小堆石料的压缩性减小。 相似文献
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堆石料流变的主要机理是由于水位变化、降雨入渗、日晒雨淋等环境因素导致堆石料发生性质劣化,与此同时,颗粒发生高接触应力-破碎和重新排列-应力释放、调整和转移,这一过程由于颗粒的持续劣化而不断重复。在考虑颗粒破碎的堆石体不连续变形分析方法(SGDD)中,引入颗粒强度劣化模型反映颗粒强度随外界环境的持续劣化。应用该方法进行堆石料三轴流变数值试验,模拟结果与室内试验所观察到的规律一致,表明考虑流变效应的SGDD方法抓住堆石料流变的主要机理,适合模拟堆石料的流变变形这一复杂的、非线性演化问题。数值试验结果表明,堆石料随外界环境的劣化程度、劣化速率、母岩强度对宏观流变变形有较大影响。 相似文献
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探讨了对处于受压状态的堆石料进行干湿、冷热变化等环境因素作用下力学性质研究的试验方法。使用新研制的堆石料风化试验仪,对某种泥质粉砂岩堆石料进行了干湿循环、冷热循环以及湿冷-干热耦合变化三种环境条件下的长期变形特性试验研究,探讨了堆石料长期劣化变形的机制。试验结果表明,干湿循环试验和湿冷-干热耦合循环均可导致堆石体产生较大幅度的附加变形,其变形机制包括湿化变形、堆石体颗粒湿胀和干缩循环变形以及堆石料的劣化变形等。环境因素的循环变化可导致堆石体颗粒的劣化,堆石体劣化变形是高土石坝后期变形的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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沈兴刚杜俊李晨晨 《地质灾害与环境保护》2023,(3):79-84
为分析降雨入渗条件下排土场堆石料浸水湿化变形特性,采用粗粒土压缩试验机对排土物料开展单线法浸水湿化试验,研究堆石料在不同应力水平条件下的湿化变形特征,揭示其湿化变形发生机制,建立堆石料湿化蠕变模型。结果表明：排土场堆石料浸水湿化变形显著且不可忽略,随竖向压应力的不断增加,湿化变形量也显著增大。结合堆石料湿化变形速率发展特征,可将湿化变形分为瞬时变形和流变变形两部分,且流变变形大于瞬时变形。基于堆石料湿化变形时程曲线,建立了堆石料四参数双曲线型湿化蠕变模型,模型计算结果较为准确,能够客观反映排土场堆石料浸水湿化变形发展规律。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2016,(1):33-40
颗粒破碎是影响堆石体强度和变形特性的主要问题之一。相比于砂土,堆石料在较低的应力水平下就会发生严重的颗粒破碎,因此,在进行堆石体力学特性及本构模型研究时必须考虑颗粒破碎的影响。同时,堆石体在受力过程中孔隙比是变化的,而传统本构模型不能使用一组参数模拟不同孔隙比的同种材料。因此,以能够考虑应力水平和土体孔隙比影响的Gudehus-Bauer亚塑性本构模型为基础,考虑堆石体有别于砂土的孔隙比变化特征,提出了考虑堆石破碎的亚塑性本构模型。亚塑性理论是目前可最大限度地减少人为假定的一种本构理论,颗粒材料在不同特征应力路径下,破碎造成的过度变形量不同;但相同应力水平、不同特征应力路径下孔隙比已不满足Gudehus-Bauer亚塑性本构模型中提出的等比例变化规律。据此,结合考虑颗粒破碎的临界状态理论和堆石体常规三轴试验和循环加载试验结果,提出了考虑颗粒破碎堆石体特征孔隙比的表达式,并将其引入到Gudehus-Bauer亚塑性本构模型中,建立了考虑颗粒破碎的堆石体亚塑性本构模型,提出了模型参数的确定方法。与堆石体试验结果对比表明,该本构模型可以较好地模拟其力学与变形特性。 相似文献
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考虑拱效应的高面板堆石坝流变收敛机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用一种能模拟高围压条件的堆石料幂函数流变本构模型,探讨狭窄河谷条件下堆石体流变变形的发展规律及相应的控制流变变形的工程措施。数值仿真结果表明,在狭窄河谷中的堆石体存在着拱效应。由于拱效应的影响,如果不考虑堆石体流变导致拱效应减弱而增加的附加变形,数值仿真计算得到的大坝变形将小于其真实的变形。受拱效应影响,堆石体初期变形的速率受到抑制,但随着坝体的升高、蓄水后水压力的加大以及堆石体随时间发展等流变变形因素的影响,堆石体中的拱效应逐渐减弱。要减小面板浇筑后由于其下卧的堆石体流变产生的附加变形,可以尽量利用面板过水及堆石体挡水,以加快堆石体流变变形的完成。采取措施,避免大的陡坡突变以及面板浇筑时间滞后其下卧堆石体断面几个月。 相似文献
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湿化变形是土石坝的主要后期变形之一,对坝体的应力变形性状具有显著影响。采用糯扎渡高心墙堆石坝的弱风化花岗岩堆石料进行了常规三轴试验、不同围压和应力水平条件下的流变-湿化组合试验和快速湿化三轴试验等,分析了流变-湿化组合试验各阶段的变形特征,重点研究了堆石料湿化变形的过程、特性及发生机制。结果表明,可将堆石料湿化变形划分为湿化瞬时变形和湿态流变变形两个部分。其中,湿化瞬时变形是堆石料随浸水饱和过程发生的变形,其应变增量的方向平行于相应应力状态下应力加载应变增量的方向,且具有非硬化特性;湿态流变变形是堆石料试样在饱和浸水完成后发生的随时间的变形,和一般堆石料的流变变形具有相类似的特性。湿化变形是堆石料浸水后所导致的物态弱化变形。可将堆石料湿化看作一种广义的荷载。 相似文献
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Deformation modulus of fly ash is one of the most important mechanical properties generally used in different design problems
and also as an input parameter to sophisticated numerical techniques employed to assess the response of different structures
resting on fly ash fill or embankment made of fly ash. Deformation modulus is usually expressed in terms of compressive strength.
This paper presents the deformation modulus of fly ash modified with lime alone or in combination with gypsum at different
strain levels. The values of deformation modulus obtained from both unconfined compression test and unconsolidated undrained
triaxial test results are presented herein. The specimens for unconfined compression test and for undrained triaxial tests
were cured up to 90 and 28 days, respectively. The effects of addition of lime (4–10%) and gypsum (0.5 and 1.0%) on the deformation
modulus of class F fly ash are highlighted. With addition of lime and gypsum, the class F fly ash achieved the deformation
modulus in the range of 190 MPa in UCS test and up to 300 MPa in triaxial test specimens tested under all round pressure of
0.4 MPa. Based on the present test results empirical relationships are developed to estimate deformation modulus of modified
fly ash from unconfined compressive strength and relationships between initial tangent modulus and secant modulus at different
strain levels are also developed. 相似文献
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Yang Xiao Minqiang Meng Ali Daouadji Qingsheng Chen ZhijunWu Xiang Jiang 《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,(2):375-388
Strength and deformation behaviors of rockfill materials,key factors for determining the stability of dams,pertain strongly to the grain crushing characteristics.In this study,single-particle crushing tests were carried out on rockfill materials with nominal particle diameters of 2.5 mm,5 mm and 10 mm to investigate the particle size effect on the single-particle strength and the relationship between the characteristic stress and probability of non-failure.Test data were found to be described by the Weibull distribution with the Weibull modulus of 3.24.Assemblies with uniform nominal grains were then subjected to one-dimensional compression tests at eight levels of vertical stress with a maximum of 100 MPa.The yield stress in one-dimensional compression tests increased with decreasing the particle size,which could be estimated from the single-particle crushing tests.The void ratio-vertical stress curve could be predicted by an exponential function.The particle size distribution curve increased obviously with applied stresses less than 16 MPa and gradually reached the ultimate fractal grading.The relative breakage index became constant with stress up to 64 MPa and was obtained from the ultimate grading at the fractal dimension(a?2:7).A hyperbolical function was also found useful for describing the relationship between the relative breakage index and input work during one-dimensional compression tests. 相似文献
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In recent years, many high rockfill dams have been constructed in China for the purpose of hydropower generation. One of the critical aspects of rockfill dam design is the analysis of slope stability. Triaxial compression tests show that the failure envelopes of rockfills are curved and that nonlinear shear strength criteria yield better predictions of the shear strengths of rockfills than the Mohr–Coulomb criterion. Because the determination of shear strength parameters involves uncertainties, a reliability-based methodology was developed for use in evaluating the failure probability of rockfill dam slopes by integrating Bishop’s simplified method, Duncan’s nonlinear strength criterion and the first-order second-moment reliability method presented in this paper. A computer program, SCU-SLIDE, was developed and its outputs validated by comparison with Monte Carlo simulation results. The approach developed was used to study the stability of the Shuang Jiang Kou rockfill embankment dam, which when completed will be the tallest dam in the world. The results of the stability analysis are discussed and conclusions are presented in this paper. 相似文献
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粉煤灰与生石灰加固软土的室内试验研究 总被引：20，自引：5，他引：15
粉煤灰是一种工业废弃物,与生石灰一样均可用来加固软土地基。笔者进行了粉煤灰与生石灰加固土的室内配方试验,分别将水泥或生石灰与粉煤灰按照不同的比例干拌均匀后,再与不同含水量的软土人工拌和均匀,测定了不同龄期的无侧限抗压强度;分析了石灰加固土强度与生石灰掺入比和龄期的关系及其压缩系数、压缩模量等的变化。并进一步分析了粉煤灰的加固机理,旨在为其进一步的研究和工程应用提供参考。 相似文献
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High core rockfill dams exhibit complex deformation mechanisms because of complicated geological conditions, many material partitions and severe weather conditions. When realistic parameters cannot be obtained through laboratory tests or engineering analogies because of effects of size or time, back analysis is necessary to predict deformation characteristics. This paper proposes a method of deformation back analysis based on the response surface method and genetic optimization theory. The parameters of the creep and Duncan–Chang models for the Pubugou gravelly soil core rockfill dam are sequentially calculated. Back analysis performed using this method efficiently yields more precise results than those obtained from laboratory-determined parameters. 相似文献