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1.
Transpression occurs in response to oblique convergence across a deformation zone in intraplate regions and plate boundaries. The Korean Peninsula is located at an intraplate region of the eastern Eurasian Plate and has been deformed under the ENE–WSW maximum horizontal compression since the late Pliocene. In this study, we analyzed short-term instrumental seismic (focal mechanism) and long-term paleoseismic (Quaternary fault outcrop) data to decipher the neotectonic crustal deformation pattern in the southeastern Korean Peninsula. Available (paleo-)seismic data acquired from an NNE–SSW trending deformation zone between the Yangsan and Ulleung fault zones indicate spatial partitioning of crustal deformation by NNW–SSE to NNE–SSW striking reverse faults and NNE–SSW striking strike-slip faults, supporting a strike-slip partitioned transpression model. The instantaneous and finite neotectonic strains, estimated from the focal mechanism and Quaternary outcrop data, respectively, show discrepancies in their axes, which can be attributed to the switching between extensional and intermediate axes of finite strain during the accumulation of wrench-dominated transpression. Notably, some major faults, including the Yangsan and Ulsan fault zones, are relatively misoriented to slip under the current stress condition but, paradoxically, have more (paleo-)seismic records indicating their role in accommodating the neotectonic transpressional strain. We propose that fluids, heat flow, and lithospheric structure are potential factors affecting the reactivation of the relatively misoriented major faults. Our findings provide insights into the accommodation pattern of strain associated with the neotectonic crustal extrusion in an intraplate region of the eastern Eurasian Plate in response to the collision of the Indian Plate and the subduction of the Pacific/Philippine Sea Plates.  相似文献   

2.
The northern Menderes metamorphic core complex has complex exhumation history and is one of the key localities to investigate the spatial and temporal relationships of extensional and compressional structures. Detachment faults and syn-extensional plutons are linked to a series of antiforms and synforms and the denudation of the northern Menderes Massif occurred in three stages. The first stage is related to the development of detachment faults under the consistent NE–SW-directed extension. The second stage is represented by a series of elongated magmatic domes that were oriented parallel, oblique and perpendicular to the regional extension direction. Emplacement of these asymmetrical magmatic domes appears to have been controlled by heterogeneous extension and post-dates the extensional Simav detachment fault. On the third stage, progressive heterogeneous extension that led to updoming of plutons has been finally accommodated by a localised and short-lived transfer zone, which was described as the Gerni shear zone for the first time in this study. The transfer zone is formed by a NE-striking, dextral ductile/brittle shear zone that accommodated the propagation of folds, conjugated strike-slip faults and normal- and oblique-slip faults. Mylonites associated with the transfer zone are related to the localisation of strain along the thermally weakened strike-slip fault systems by short-lived intrusions rather than to the development of regional-scale detachment faults. These structures are consistent with a transtensional simple shear model, which properly explains the evolution of extensional and compressional structures exposed in the northern Menderes core complex. Structural setting of the E?rigöz region is somewhat similar to that of the NE-trending gneiss domes in the northern Menderes Massif and updoming of magma during late stages of detachment faulting appears to have played an important role in the exhumation of lower and upper plate rocks.  相似文献   

3.
热液型铀矿空间定位的控制因素   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
通过对华南热液型铀矿与区域断裂构造、区域岩浆岩的时空关系、成因联系进行综合分析,笔者认为,中新生代断陷红色碎屑沉积盆地(简称断陷红盆)的控盆深源断裂构造、多期多阶段富铀岩浆活动中心联合控制了铀矿田的空间定位。铀成矿与晚白垩世区域拉张作用时间相耦合,区域铀成矿作用主要发生在晚白垩世,与导致断陷红盆形成的控盆深源断裂构造关系密切,控盆深源断裂构造为铀矿区域控矿构造。铀成矿与中生代多期富铀岩浆岩(火山岩和花岗岩)关系密切,富铀岩浆活动中心指示深部地壳存在铀的高场;来源于地幔的流体交代富铀地壳及岩浆岩,形成铀成矿流体,而富铀岩浆岩则成为热液型铀矿的主要围岩。  相似文献   

4.
阳江-一统暗沙断裂带是南海北部珠江口盆地极其重要的中-新生代构造带和转换带。基于钻井资料和大范围、高密度的二维、三维地震资料,本文初步揭示阳江-一统暗沙断裂带走向为NW-NWW向、宽约30km,沿着断裂走向从陆架至洋陆边界断裂带可分为北-中-南三段,断裂在新生代选择性活化,具有多重走滑断裂叠合和基底岩浆底辟强烈等特点,表明其在新生代构造调节作用中发展成一个活动断裂带。通过对断裂带及其围区新近纪岩浆活动的系统解析,首次揭示了新近纪岩浆沿该深大断裂在大陆架-深水大陆坡均有强烈活动,具有沿断裂带走向呈带状分布、南早北晚和多期次幕式迁移等特征。新近纪岩浆活动开始于23.0 Ma,在断裂带南段的云开低凸起及邻区形成强烈的基底岩浆底辟。岩浆喷发作用集中在21.1~19.1 Ma、18.5 Ma、15.5~13.5 Ma和8~6 Ma等4个时期。在21.1~19.1 Ma期间,岩浆活动迁移到中段的开平东洼和神狐隆起东缘之间,出现了强烈的火山裂隙式喷发。18.5 Ma以来,断裂带南段-中段火山喷发作用基本停止,岩浆活动向北迁移到北段的阳江东凹一带,具有中心式溢流相喷发叠合裂隙式火山喷发的特征。推测阳江-一统暗沙断裂带新近纪的岩浆来源于南海北部地幔上涌区的下地壳高速体减压熔融,而断裂带上岩浆活动表现出的时空不均一性和幕式迁移性,可能与地幔上涌区向海倾斜特性及断裂带分段差异活动有关。  相似文献   

5.
新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿的构造控矿规律   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：9  
新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿在不同尺度上受不同级别的构造控制。在大地构造尺度上，Ⅰ级控矿构造为与博罗科努丰生代岛弧带平行的NWW向基底断裂带，该断裂带控制与石炭纪火山岩有关的金矿带的展布，在区域尺度上，Ⅱ级控矿构造为NW向走滑断裂和NE向张笥断裂，控制金矿床的分布。在矿床尺度上，Ⅲ级控矿构造为陡倾的近SN向张性断裂和与破火山口有关的环状断裂，控制金矿体的定位和产状。  相似文献   

6.
The Aegean region constitutes the overriding plate of the Africa–Eurasia convergent plate system, in the eastern Mediterranean. To explain the fault kinematics and tectonic forces that controlled rift evolution in the Aegean area, we present fault-slip data from about 900 faults, and summarise the structural analyses of five key structural “provinces”. Five regional tectonic maps are used as the basis for a new stress map for the Aegean region and for discussions on regional geodynamics.Since the Late Miocene, the central Aegean has been affected by WNW- and NE-trending faults which transfer the motion of the Anatolian plate to the southwest, synchronous with arc-normal pull acting on the boundary of the Aegean plate. At the same time, the Hellenic Peninsula has suffered moderate extension by NW-trending grabens formed due to collapse of the Hellenic mountain chain.During intense extension in the southern Aegean in the Plio-Quaternary the arcuate shape of the Hellenic Trench was established. Arc-normal pull in the Aegean plate margin, combined with transform resistive forces along the Hellenic subduction gave rise to widespread strike-slip and oblique-normal faults in the eastern segment and moderate oblique extension in the western segment of the arc. To the north, subduction involves more continental crust and consequently the push of subduction is transmitted to the overriding plate (Hellenic Peninsula), resulting in the formation of NE-trending grabens. WNW-trending grabens in this area are considered to have propagated westward from the Aegean Sea to the Ionian Sea during Plio-Quaternary times, probably acting as pull-apart structures between stable Europe and the rapidly extending southern Aegean area.  相似文献   

7.
如何深入了解中国东部北黄海盆地东部坳陷岩浆活动特征是目前研究的前沿之一.为探讨早白垩世异常剧烈岩浆活动的区域构造成因并揭示中国东部的构造动力学机制,利用井-震及岩浆岩测试资料,对北黄海盆地岩浆活动特征及其与区域构造的耦合关系进行研究.在空间上刻画了岩浆的侵入相、喷出相的地震反射特征及沿深大断裂展布的平面分布特征;在时间上划分出了包括早白垩世108~115 Ma、134~145 Ma在内的4期岩浆活动.结合区域地质分析认为早白垩世早期,伊泽奈琦板块沿北北西斜向俯冲于欧亚板块之下,太平洋板块向南西方向俯冲,板块剪切作用导致郯庐断裂带左旋走滑,使得盆地处于左旋伸展环境中,内部形成派生的北西向右旋、近南北向左旋的次级共轭断裂系并控制岩浆上侵底辟活动.经过综合分析,厘清了盆地岩浆活动及断裂演化过程与区域板块运动之间的耦合关系.   相似文献   

8.
宋鹏 《世界地质》2015,34(3):716-725
以岩芯裂缝和薄片资料为基础,结合成像测井技术和地震资料研究王府断陷火石岭组火山岩储层裂缝特征及分布规律。该区火山岩储层发育原生裂缝和构造-后生裂缝,原生裂缝张开度小,对改善储层意义不大;而构造-后生裂缝张开度大,延伸较远,能提高储层的储渗能力。通过FMI成像测井可识别出高导缝、高阻缝、微裂缝和钻井诱导缝,其中高导缝和微裂缝一般为有效裂缝。根据高导缝走向和构造特征,将研究区火山岩储层裂缝分为3个区:北部区、中部区和南部区,其中北部区和南部区受顺直断裂控制,高导缝具有两个优势走向;中部区受交叉断裂控制,高导缝为一个优势走向。中部区裂缝平均密度最高,倾角属性也显示为有利裂缝区,可以作为勘探和井位部署的重点区域。  相似文献   

9.
The Lower-Middle Triassic Aghdarband Basin, NE Iran, consists of a strongly deformed arc-related marine succession deposited along the southern margin of Eurasia in a highly mobile tectonic context. This basin is a key-area for the study of the Cimmerian events, as the Triassic units show severe deformations, which occurred short time after the collision of Iran with Eurasia, and were sealed by the Middle Jurassic succession. In this work, we document the structural setting and evolution of this area, based on detailed mesoscopic structural analyses of faults and folds, paleostress reconstruction and revision of the Triassic stratigraphy. The Triassic sequences are deeply involved in a N-verging thrust stack interacting with an important left-lateral transpressional fault zone characterized by strike-slip faults, vertical folds and high angle reverse faults generating intricate positive flowers. Systematic folds asymmetry indicates that they developed in a left-lateral transpressional zone coeval to thrust imbrication to the south, due to a marked strain partitioning.The extent of the transpressional zone shows that important left-lateral movements developed parallel to the belt during the Cimmerian collision, in response to oblique convergence between Iran and Eurasia. Inversion of Triassic syn-sedimentary faults, possibly inherited from Palaeozoic structures of the Kopeh Dagh basement and favouring strain partitioning, is suggested by unconformities, significant differences in the sedimentary successions, repeated olistoliths, scarp-related coarse breccias and rapid tectonic drowning, occurring especially along the northern tectonic boundary of the basin. Paleostress analyses point to a complex stress pattern showing a 45° rotation of the stress field along the left-lateral fault system, related to a complete deformation partitioning in two domains respectively characterized by pure reverse dip-slip and strike-slip motions. The main direction of compression, possibly oriented NE–SW in present days coordinates, favoured the development of large shear zones disrupting the eastern portion of the Cimmerian orogen.  相似文献   

10.
Tholeiite basalts from 60° N to 65° N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were melted and recrystallized at atmospheric pressure in a CO2-H2 gas mixture. Seven basalts are from the Langjokull-Thingvellir volcanic zone and the Reykjanes Peninsula of Iceland and nine are from the Reykjanes Ridge. The crystallization sequence in both Iceland and Reykjanes Ridge basalts with (Total Fe as FeO)/(Total Fe as FeO+ MgO) [F/F + M] less than 0.6 is olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene. Chromian spinel crystallizes before plagioclase in one Iceland and one Reykjanes Ridge basalt with F/F+M less than 0.57. Chemical differences of the two groups of basalts (lower SiO2 and higher alkalis in Iceland basalts) can not simply be a result of low pressure fractional crystallization. Liquidus temperatures of the seven Iceland basalts decreases from 1,230° C to 1,170° C as the F/F+M of the rock increases from 0.52 to 0.70. The liquidus temperatures of the Reykjanes Ridge basalts are about 10° C lower than those of the Iceland basalts for the same F/F+M value. The profile of measured liquidus temperatures from 65° N on Iceland to 60° N on the Reykjanes Ridge has a minimum value at 63.2° N on the Reykjanes Ridge just south of Iceland. Model calculations of the pressure of phenocryst crystallization indicate that olivine and plagioclase in Langjokull basalts could have equilibrated between 2.0 and 6.2 kb (200 to 620 MPa). Phenocryst assemblages in Reykjanes Ridge basalts at 60° N could have crystallized together at greater than 2 kb (200 MPa) and probably less than 8 kb (800 MPa). A minimum in the equilibrium pressure of phenocryst crystallization occurs between 62.9° and 64° N and coincides with the minimum in the experimentally determined liquidus temperatures. The more extensive fractionation at low pressure in this area could be related to the shift of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis along the leaky transform fault from the Reykjanes Ridge to the Thingvellir volcanic zone.  相似文献   

11.
Mafic volcanic rocks have erupted in the Tianchi volcanic zone, Changbai Mountains, northeast China, since late Pliocene time. The zone formed in an extensional environment during early-middle Cenozoic time, and in a compressional environment during late Cenozoic. Crustal thickness (about 40 km) in the Changbai Mountains is larger than the regional average of 34–36 km to the northwest and southeast. The conduit for magma upwelling was not coincident with the NE-striking regional faults, but seem to be confined to a deep-seated NW–WNW-striking fault zone. Since the late Pliocene, the Tianchi volcanic zone was subjected to crustal uplift within an intracontinental, weakly compressional environment (with minor WNW–ESE shearing) related to the westward subduction of the West Pacific plate. The nature of this volcanism is not typical of active, subduction-related continental margin volcanism. The magmatic evolutionary process evolved from trachybasalt through basaltic trachyandesite, trachyte, and pantellerite.  相似文献   

12.
Subduction of high bathymetric relief, such as aseismic ridges and magmatic plateaus, is considered to be responsible for dramatic changes in the dynamics and kinematics of the subduction zone. For example, the buoyancy of high bathymetric relief is thought to flatten the dip of the subducting slab, modifying the structural and magmatic evolution of the overriding plate and terminating arc volcanism. In addition, the effect of ridge subduction in retreating plate boundaries can inhibit subduction rollback, a process that could locally pin the subduction hinge and lead to the development of cusps and slab tearing. Here we discuss the tectonic response to subduction of high bathymetric relief using examples from the circum-Pacific subduction systems. We demonstrate that flattening of the subduction dip angle is only significant in the eastern Pacific, where the average slab dip angle is relatively shallow. In the western Pacific, in contrast, the average subduction dip angle is steeper and there is no significant flattening of the dip angle in areas of ridge subduction. Subduction of high bathymetric relief in the circum-Pacific is commonly associated with reduced arc volcanism, and in many cases, the area of ridge subduction coincides with a volcanic gap. In the overriding plate, ridge subduction is associated with pronounced changes in the style of deformation, involving uplift, reactivation of basement thrusts, development of orogen-perpendicular tear faults and block rotations leading to oroclinal bending. The discussed characteristic patterns associated with ridge subduction provide important guidelines for reconstructing past plate tectonic processes, and could help constraining the geodynamics of ancient subduction systems.  相似文献   

13.
中国存在多个时代、多种类型的造山带,发育了多种多样的俯冲增生杂岩带,经历了复杂多变的洋陆转换过程,如何揭示包括洋内演化和洋陆转换等的造山过程一直是一个难题。为此,中国区域地质志项目组提出了洋板块地质研究,试图通过对造山系俯冲增生杂岩带、蛇绿岩带等洋岩石圈地质建造、结构构造进行系统研究,再造洋岩石圈从洋中脊形成到海沟俯冲消亡、转换成陆的地质作用全过程。本文介绍了洋板块地质提出到现今主要的研究进展,包括四个方面。一是,初步建立了洋板块地质格架,洋板块地质的研究包括俯冲增生杂岩的物质组成、蛇绿岩类型及其形成的构造环境、洋板块沉积组合和洋板块地层、岛弧火成岩组合、洋陆转换的过程和机制、洋-陆转换过程与成矿作用等重要内容。二是,识别出北山牛圈子—马鬃山、嘉荫—依兰、陈蔡、东昆仑布青山—阿尼玛卿、鹰扬关、大洪山、甘孜—理塘、新余神山—新干神政桥等中国陆域62条主要的俯冲增生杂岩带/增生杂岩带。俯冲增生杂岩带是认识、理解造山系时空结构、组成和演化的关键。三是,在祁连地区识别出较为完整的洋内弧岩石组合。洋盆演化形成大陆过程中的洋内俯冲带是大陆的诞生地,洋内俯冲作用形成的洋内弧是洋盆演化形成大陆的初始弧。洋内弧火成岩组合序列的发现为研究洋陆转换过程提供了岩石学依据。祁连造山带是洋板块地质研究的经典地区之一。研究显示,当金山出露完整的洋内弧岩石组合,这些岩石记录了洋内弧从初始俯冲到发育成熟的全过程,为探讨祁连造山带原特提斯洋构造演化提供了新的依据。四是,制定了洋板块地质构造图编图方案,编图内容主要包括俯冲增生杂岩带、岩浆弧、高压-超高压带、俯冲期和碰撞期构造形变要素和构造演化等。编图单元分为三级:一级为俯冲增生杂岩带;二级为岩片;三级包括基质和岩块。编图过程中需要明确岩浆弧的性质和归属,明确图面上某一岩浆弧与哪个蛇绿混杂岩或大洋配套。图面上对于构造要素的表达重点是区分俯冲和碰撞阶段。通过构造变形的时态、相态、位态研究,识别俯冲期和碰撞期的构造变形形迹。这是洋板块地质初步的研究成果,以俯冲增生杂岩带的研究为基础,探讨特提斯洋等大洋的演化、中国东部古太平洋/太平洋转换与中新生代成矿关系等重大基础地质问题是洋板块地质研究下一步的工作方向。目前,洋板块地质的研究还处于试点阶段,洋板块地质与成矿的成因联系等重大地质问题尚需今后更深入地研究。  相似文献   

14.
The Dadaepo Basin is a small Late Cretaceous sedimentary basin in SE Korea, located on the eastern margin of Asia. The basin is an isolated extensional basin situated between the NNE-striking Yangsan and Dongnae faults. The basin-fill sediments, named the Dadaepo Formation, consist of channelized conglomerates and sandstones intercalated with dominantly purple mudstones in the lower part. The upper part is dominated by fine- to coarse-grained tuffaceous sandstones and olive to dark gray mudstones with abundant volcanic interbeds. The formation unconformably overlies dacitic rocks dated at ca. 94 Ma and is overlain by basaltic andesite dated at ca. 69 Ma (Ar–Ar ages). The overall configuration of the strata of the Dadaepo Formation indicates syndepositional tilting of the basin floor to the north-northeast. A number of outcrop-scale faults are observed in the basin-fill sediments, of which the majority are NW-striking normal faults, including syndepositional growth faults. The orientations of mafic (magmatic) and clastic dikes, interpreted as being approximately contemporaneous with the deposition of the Dadaepo Formation, are also nearly parallel to the strikes of outcrop-scale normal faults. All these extensional structures consistently indicate NE–SW extension of the basin and obliquely intersect the basin-bounding Yangsan and Dongnae faults at angles of 40°–60°. It is thus concluded that the Dadaepo Formation was deposited in a pull-apart basin that subsided as a result of NNE-striking sinistral strike–slip faulting in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula during the Campanian (Late Cretaceous). This strike–slip faulting was related to north-northwestward oblique subduction of the proto-Pacific (Izanagi/Kula) or Pacific plate under the eastern margin of the Eurasian plate.  相似文献   

15.
In eastern North Island New Zealand, oblique subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Australian Plate is associated with strain partitioning. Dextral along-strike component of displacement occurred first at Early Miocene major faults within the eastern fore-arc domain. These faults were active from Early Miocene to Pliocene times. Since Pliocene times, most of the movement occurs at western faults such as the Wellington Fault. The latter joins the back-arc domain to the north. The jump of wrench faulting is related to the oblique opening of the back-arc domain. Both phenomena are impeded southwards by the Hikurangi oceanic plateau entering the subduction zone. To cite this article: J. Delteil et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

16.
This microstructural and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility study of the internal structures of the Hercynian Néouvielle granite pluton (100 km2) provides new data indicating that the pluton was emplaced during the main Hercynian tectonic event recognized in the Pyrenees. It also provides new data about the later Alpine deformation localized along narrow mylonitic bands. These bands acted as reverse faults and have not rotated the Hercynian structures that define the main part of the pluton. The pluton is composed of two structural domains: the northern half of the pluton displays a beak shape in map view, with subhorizontal E-W trending lineations of magmatic origin; the southern half is semi-circular and displays rather steeply northward plunging lineations corresponding to magmatic and high temperature (HT) solid-state microstructures. These features are associated with magma deformation during emplacement. Magma deformation corresponds, in the northern half of the pluton, to an E-W strike-slip deformation recognized in the enveloping pelitic metasediments of Carboniferous age and, in the southern half of the pluton, to southward overthrusting recognized in the enveloping quartzites of Devonian age. Juxtaposition in a single granite body of transcurrent and compressive domains is viewed as a strain partitioning in the magma. This strain partitioning is linked to both the transpressive character of the main regional deformation event and the rheological contrast between the pelitic country rocks and quartzose country rocks.  相似文献   

17.
Close relationships between deformation and volcanism are well documented in relatively late evolutionary stages of continental rifting, whereas these are poorly constrained in less mature rifting stages. To investigate the control of inherited structures on faulting and volcanism, we present a statistical analysis of volcanic features, faults and pre‐rift fabric in the Tanzania Divergence, where volcanic features occur extensively in in‐rift and off‐rift areas. Our results show that in mature rift sectors (Natron), magma uprising is mostly controlled by fractures/faults responding to the far‐field stress, whereas the distribution of volcanism during initial rifting (Eyasi) is controlled by inherited structures oblique to the regional extension direction. Off‐rift sectors show a marked control of pre‐rift structures on magma emplacement, which may not respond to the regional stress field. Thus, the use of off‐rift magmatic features as stress indicators should take into account the role of pre‐existing structures.  相似文献   

18.
吉林省中生代火山活动受北东向岩石圈深大断裂构造的控制。火山—次火山的热液成矿作用与它的物质成分和岩相有关,受火山构造的控制。区内多数矿床、矿点产于中生代火山岩盆地的边缘,构成以火山岩盆地为中心的矿化集中区。吉林省南部和北部地区一样,是寻找中生代陆相火山一次火山热液金、铜等矿产的有利地区。  相似文献   

19.
Permian to Cretaceous mélange of the McHugh Complex on the Kenai Peninsula, south-central Alaska includes blocks and belts of graywacke, argillite, limestone, chert, basalt, gabbro, and ultramafic rocks, intruded by a variety of igneous rocks. An oceanic plate stratigraphy is repeated hundreds of times across the map area, but most structures at the outcrop scale extend lithological layering. Strong rheological units occur as blocks within a matrix that flowed around the competent blocks during deformation, forming broken formation and mélange. Deformation was noncoaxial, and disruption of primary layering was a consequence of general strain driven by plate convergence in a relatively narrow zone between the overriding accretionary wedge and the downgoing, generally thinly sedimented oceanic plate. Soft-sediment deformation processes do not appear to have played a major role in the formation of the mélange. A model for deformation at the toe of the wedge is proposed in which layers oriented at low angles to σ1 are contracted in both the brittle and ductile regimes, layers at 30–45° to σ1 are extended in the brittle regime and contracted in the ductile regime, and layers at angles greater than 45° to σ1 are extended in both the brittle and ductile regimes. Imbrication in thrust duplexes occurs at deeper levels within the wedge. Many structures within mélange of the McHugh Complex are asymmetric and record kinematic information consistent with the inferred structural setting in an accretionary wedge. A displacement field for the McHugh Complex on the lower Kenai Peninsula includes three belts: an inboard belt of Late Triassic rocks records west-to-east-directed slip of hanging walls, a central belt of predominantly Early Jurassic rocks records north–south directed displacements, and Early Cretaceous rocks in an outboard belt preserve southwest–northeast directed slip vectors. Although precise ages of accretion are unknown, slip directions are compatible with inferred plate motions during the general time frame of accretion of the McHugh Complex. The slip vectors are interpreted to preserve the convergence directions between the overriding and underriding plates, which became more oblique with time. They are not considered indicative of strain partitioning into belts of orogen-parallel and orogen-perpendicular displacements, because the kinematic data are derived from the earliest preserved structures, whereas fabrics related to strain partitioning would be expected to be superimposed on earlier accretion-related fabrics.  相似文献   

20.
Propagation of brittle failure triggered by magma in Iceland   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  
Tatiana Tentler   《Tectonophysics》2005,406(1-2):17-38
The architectures of normal faults at a divergent plate boundary in Iceland are examined by combining surface fault observations with cross-sectional studies at different structural levels to constrain a model of failure propagation. The structures of Holocene faults defining graben are analyzed to characterize the upper-most parts of ruptures. The shapes of faults resulting from growth and interaction of separate segments are used to better understand failure propagation inferred to occur in the intervening stages of displacement accumulation and lateral propagation. Pleistocene faults in volcanic sequences exhumed from 800 to 1000 m are analyzed to characterize deeper portions of failure that occurred beneath the central rift zone. Tertiary dikes exhumed from depths of 1300–1500 m are studied to infer how magma controls the failure initiation. Field studies in combination with a literature review indicate that the planar ruptures are likely to initiate at depth as magma-filled vertical fractures and lengthen upward and laterally. As failures propagate to higher crustal levels, they are likely to change into inclined normal faults. At near-surface levels, faults link with cooling joints and dilational fractures propagating downward from the surface. It is suggested that the inferred stages of fault propagation are characteristic for normal faults developed at spreading ridges.  相似文献   

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