共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
东亚季风环流演变的主要模态及其与中国东部降水异常的联系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用美国国家环境预报中心和国家大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)再分析环流资料、美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)重构的海温资料和中国国家气象信息中心(NMIC)整理的752个测站降水资料,对东亚地区季风环流季节演变主要模态及其与中国东部降水异常的关系进行了分析。结果表明,东亚地区850hPa季风环流季节演变存在两个主要模态,第一模态主要受热带印度洋海温和赤道东太平洋海温偏低背景下印度洋偶极(IOD)演变过程控制;第二模态主要受赤道东太平洋ENSO循环和IOD演变控制。对应第一模态,夏季华北多雨,长江流域少雨;对应第二模态,夏季华北、长江流域多雨,淮河、华南少雨。近50年两模态发生了明显改变,与降水变化有很好的对应关系。 相似文献
2.
运用小波分析方法和相关分析对东亚季的准两年振荡的存在及其与ＥＮＳＯ变率的关系进行了研究,结果指出：东亚季风具有显著的准两年振荡特征,但周期与振幅具有明显的年代际变化,同时东亚季风的ＱＢＯ过程与ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件具有密切的联系; 相似文献
3.
4.
高原季风研究主要进展及其科学意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
季风是气象界的"永恒"课题,已有数百年的研究历史。亚洲季风系统中存在着3个相对独立的子系统:南亚季风、东亚季风和高原季风。简要总结了国内外关于高原季风的若干研究进展,对比分析了各阶段高原季风研究的特点。同时指出今后应进一步丰富高原季风指数定义,并对高原季风变化的物理成因等方面进行深入研究。 相似文献
5.
6.
本文基于高原季风指数和高原涡数据集,利用小波分析等统计方法对高原季风和高原低涡的气候特征进行了统计分析,并探究了两者之间的关系,主要结果有:(1)高原季风夏强冬弱,高原季风的准4年、准6年周期振荡的特征十分明显。(2)30年来高原低涡平均每年生成64.2个,其中有51.2个是暖性高原低涡。高原低涡的强度季节内呈正态分布,高原低涡的生成频数的季节内变化有明显的周期振荡特征。(3)高原季风的周期振荡特征在季节尺度和年际尺度上与高原低涡气候特征有一定的相关性,准4年与准6年周期振荡特征十分明显。通过相关概率统计:高原季风的建立时间与强度都与高原低涡的气候特征有一定的正负相关。 相似文献
7.
1873—1996年东亚冬,夏季风强度指数及其主要特征 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：25
用１８７３￣１９９６年／１９９７年资料,延长计算了东亚冬夏季风强度指数,研究了指数的年际及年代际变化的主要特征。指出该指数与我国的冬、夏季天气的年际变化、年代际变化关系密切。还指出,该指数与印度季风强度正相关,并且能解释季风的准两年振荡。 相似文献
8.
南海季风爆发的统计动力分析 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
作者对南海季风爆发作了统计动力分析,即将南海季风爆发前后的高低层风场看成一个整体,并以南海季风爆发日为基准,对风场作了经验正交函数(EOF)分析,得到了以下结论:偏差风场的第一模态反映了高低层东亚夏季风环流在南海季风爆发日前后有剧烈变化,这直接体现了南海季风的爆发,并表明此时大气环流有突变发生;第二、三模态则分别反映了具有5～7天振荡周期的中高纬大气长波活动和亚洲季风区中准双周低频振荡的主要活动区,以及中低纬度大气环流的相互作用;第二模态体现了偏差风场的幅散风部分而第三模态则体现了旋转风部分. 相似文献
9.
亚洲季风区地面感热通量的区域变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用1979－1995年（缺1986、1987、1993）NCEP／NCAR再分析资料中的逐旬感热通量资料，对亚洲季风区地面感热通量的空间结构及时间演变进行了旋转经验正交函数（REOF）分析。结果表明：印度半岛和中南半岛地区感势通量的变化与亚洲季风的爆发及演变有密切关系，是季风爆发的主要关键区。这两个地区的感热积累是东亚季风爆发的触发因素之一，尤其是印度半岛北部感热通量的突变对印度夏季风演变十分重要。印度半岛北部与青藏高原西部的热力差异在季风的爆发和维持中占有重要地位。而东北亚与西北太平洋的热力差异只对东亚夏季风的演变有影响，与冬季风则无直接关联。在东亚季风的爆发中居主导地位的还是印度半岛北部和青藏高原西北部的感热加热作用。 相似文献
10.
青藏高原是我国的水塔,西风与季风及其相互作用是导致亚洲天气和气候变化最重要的环流系统。本文基于1981～2020年大气再分析资料,采用经验正交函数分解方法（Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF）提取了西风与季风季节循环分量在青藏高原的耦合模态,并对其季节变化特征进行分析。研究发现,第一主模态方差贡献率高达78.39%,主要反映的是东亚季风、南亚季风和对流层高层中纬度西风的季节循环特征及各个季节的年际变化特征。夏季在对流层高层高原及其南侧主要为东风气流,范围从北纬5°至35°,对流层低层则表现为典型的绕高原气旋式季风环流系统,热带和副热带地区为西南季风控制,冬季的环流结构刚好相反。耦合模态的冬、夏季节转换节点与东亚季风和南亚季风的季节转换时间基本一致。从年际变化的角度来看,各个季节耦合模态的强度偏强时,东亚季风和南亚季风均偏强,西风带位置偏北;反之,季风偏弱,西风带位置偏南。厄尔尼诺—南方涛动（El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation,ENSO）是影响西风与季风耦合模态年际变化的关键外强迫,拉尼娜（La Ni?a）事件发生的前夏、前秋和次年夏季耦合模态的强度均增强,冬季至次年春季耦合模态的强度均减弱。西风与季风耦合的第二主模态主要表现为对流层高层高原上的东风及其南侧西风,以及低层南亚季风区的西南季风和西北太平洋反气旋的协同变化特征。该模态的方差贡献率为4.68%,表现出明显年际差异的同时还呈现显著减弱的长期趋势,尤其是在冬季。 相似文献
11.
12.
Wang Huijun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(1):48-56
First,studies on the East Asian monsoon simulation were reviewed.Then the monsoon precipitation change in thepaleoclimate was simulated and analyzed.This paper also analyzed and simulated the interannual changes of monsoonprecipitation and their relations with the sea surface temperature (SST) changes.Finally,the simulated monsoon precipi-tation change in the CO_2-induced climate change was discussed. 相似文献
13.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOUTH CHINA SEA SOUTHWEST MONSOON ANOMALIES AND IMPORTANT WEATHER IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE DURING THE RAINING SEASONS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The activity of South China Sea southwest monsoon (SCSSM) has direct impacts on the
anomalies of important weather in Guangdong province during the raining seasons. So it is necessary to
explore thoroughly the activity pattern of SCSSM and its relationship with important weather anomalies in
the province. In this paper, the methods of composite analysis and correlation statistics are used to study
the relationship between the onset date and intensity of SCSSM and the important weather, such as
precipitation trends in Guangdong province during the annually first and second raining seasons, the timing
of the annually first and last typhoon and the number of typhoons landing in Guangdong province. The
results show that the rainfall is less than normal during the first raining season, but more than normal
during the second one and there are more tropical cyclones landing in Guangdong province in the years of
early SCSSM onset. The rainfall is more than normal during the second raining season and there are more
tropical cyclones landing in Guangdong province in the years of strong SCSSM. The relationship between
the SST of April - June, July - September and previous winter (December - February) and 500 hPa
geopotential height and the onset date and intensity of SCSSM is analyzed. Some mechanisms between the
onset dates and intensity of SCSSM and the important weather anomalies in Guangdong province are
preliminarily explored. The results can be used for reference in short-term climate forecast. 相似文献
14.
南海西南季风异常与广东省汛期重要天气的关系 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
南海西南季风的活动直接影响广东省前、后汛期重要天气的异常,因此深入探索南海西南季风的活动规律及其与广东省各种重大天气异常的关系十分必要.利用合成分析和相关统计方法,探讨和分析了南海西南季风建立早晚、强弱与广东省前、后汛期降水量趋势,初、终台的早晚及登陆广东省的热带气旋个数等重要天气的关系.指出南海西南季风爆发早的年份,前汛期雨量以正常偏少为主、后汛期雨量以偏多为主、登陆广东热带气旋偏多;南海西南季风偏强的年份,后汛期雨量以偏多为主,登陆广东热带气旋以正常偏多为主.还分析了4～6月、7～9月以及前冬(12～2月)的海温场、500 hPa高度场与西南季风建立早晚、强弱的关系,初步探索了西南季风建立的早晚、强弱与广东省汛期重要天气气候异常的关系的一些机理,其结果可供短期气候业务预测参考. 相似文献
15.
In this study, the relationship between the subsystems of Asian summer monsoon is analyzed using U.S. National Centers for Environmental Protection/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis and Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation monthly mean precipitation data. The results showed that there is significant correlation between the subsystems of Asian summer monsoon. The changes of intensity over the same period show that weak large-scale Asian monsoon, Southeast Asia monsoon and South Asian monsoon are associated with strong East Asian monsoon and decreasing rainfall in related areas. And when the large-scale Asian monsoon is strong, Southeast Asia and South Asia monsoons will be strong and precipitation will increase. While the Southeast Asia monsoon is strong, the South Asia monsoon is weak and the rainfall of South Asia is decreasing, and vice versa. The various subsystems are significantly correlated for all periods of intensity changes. 相似文献
16.
利用南海季风试验分析场和NCAR向外长波辐射通量(OLR)资料研究了1998年孟加拉湾季风和南海季风爆发期间副热带环流的大尺度和天气尺度特征,探讨了孟加拉湾季风爆发与南海季风爆发之间的物理联系及孟加拉湾季风气旋的对流凝结潜热释放对副热带高压“撤出”南海的影响。结果表明,1998年5月爆发的东亚季风展现出典型的从孟加拉湾地区东传发展到南海地区的过程。随着孟加拉湾季风爆发和对流活动增强、北移,南海北部出现了低层西风和对流活动,领先于副热带高压在南海地区减弱和撤退。结果还显示南海北部地区的对流凝结加热有助于该地区经向温度梯度的反转,在热成风关系的制约下南海上空副热带高压脊面的垂直倾斜由冬季型转向夏季型,季风爆发。 相似文献
17.
18.
FEATURES AND COMPARISONS OF THE QUASI-BIENNIAL VARIATIONS IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC MONSOON SUBSYSTEMS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data, Climate
Diagnostics Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) results, and NOAA Extended Reconstructed
Sea Surface Temperature (SST), have been utilized in this paper to study the quasi-biennial variations in
Asia-Pacific monsoon subsystems and associated SST anomalies (SSTA) and wind anomalies. Four
monsoon indices are computed from NCEP/ National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis
to represent the South Asian monsoon (SAM), South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM), Western
North Pacific monsoon (WNPM) and East Asian monsoon (EAM), respectively. The quasi-biennial periods
are very significant in Asia-Pacific monsoons (as discovered by power spectrum analysis), and for SAM
and EAM---with moderate effects by El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)---the quasi-biennial periods are
the most important factor. For SCSSM and WNPM (once again due to the effects of ENSO), the
quasi-biennial periods are of secondary durations. There are obvious interdecadal variations in the
quasi-biennial modes of the Asia-Pacific monsoon, so in the negative phase the biennial modes will not be
significant or outstanding. The wind anomalies and SSTA associated with the biennial modes are very
different in the SAM, WNPM and EAM regions. Since the WNPM and SCSSM are very similar in the
biennial modes, they can be combined into one subsystem, called SCS/WNPM. 相似文献
19.
ON THE PROCESS OF SUMMER MONSOON ONSET OVER EAST ASIA 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Using daily observational rainfall data covered 194 stations of China from 1961 to 1995 andNCEP model analyzed pentad precipitation data of global grid point from 1979 to 1997,thedistribution of onset date of rainy season over Asian area from spring to summer is studied in thispaper.The analyzed results show that there exist two stages of rainy season onset over East Asianregion from spring to summer rainy season onset accompanying subtropical monsoon and tropicalmonsoon respectively.The former rain belt is mainly formed by the convergence of cold air and therecurred southwesterly flow from western part of subtropical high and westerly flow from the so-called western trough of subtropical region occurring during winter to spring over South Asia.Thelatter is formed in the process of subtropical monsoon rain belt over inshore regions of South ChinaSea originally coming from south of Changjiang (Yangtze) River Basin advancing with northwardshift of subtropical high after the onset of tropical monsoon over South China Sea.The pre-floodrainy season over South China region then came into mature period and the second peak of rainfallappeared.Meiyu,the rainy season over Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin and North China thenformed consequently.The process of summer tropical monsoon onset over South China Sea in 1998is also discussed in this paper.It indicated that the monsoon during summer tropical monsoononset over South China Sea is the result of the westerly flow over middle part of South China Sea,which is from the new generated cyclone formed in north subtropical high entering into SouthChina Sea,converged with the tropical southwesterly flow recurred by the intensified cross-equatorial flow. 相似文献