共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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由于黄土高原区抗震设防标准长期偏低,无法承受强震带来的严重灾害链后果,因此为了提高地基及公路路基的抗强震能力,以强震动荷载为试验输入条件,以强夯、粉煤灰、水泥土等三种地基改性处理试样为研究对象,对其进行室内动三轴试验,寻找针对震陷性黄土工程场地更加经济、科学的抗震陷地基处理方法,研究不同地基改性处理方法在强震动荷载下的残余应变特性,得到强震作用与残余应变的定量关系,并从变形特征和动载振次两个角度对比三类方法的适用性。在此基础上,估算场地不同地基处理方式下的震陷量,给出强震荷载下不同工程场地有效的抗震陷处理方法与评价办法,为黄土场地抗震设计和地基处理提供参考依据。 相似文献
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地震荷载作用下黄土地基震陷研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在某大型企业的地震安全性评价工作中，采用随机地震荷载输入动三轴进行了黄土震陷试验，探讨了该场地黄土在不同动荷载作用下的震陷特性。并对该场地地基未来可能发生的震陷灾害进行了评价，为工程地基抗震处理提供了依据。 相似文献
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为了研究地震荷载作用下黄土场地的震陷预测问题,以兰州黄土为研究对象来分析剪切波速和含水率与震陷系数的关系,并分别得出拟合函数关系。通过分析剪切波速和含水率在震陷过程中的内在联系,建立剪切波速和含水率双指标预测黄土震陷系数的方法,并依据该方法预测永登地震区黄土场地震陷量。研究结果表明:在一定的剪切波速区间内,震陷系数随着含水率的增加而增大;在一定的含水率区间内,震陷系数随着剪切波速的增加而减小。同时提出剪切波速可以反映黄土不因外部条件而变化的潜在震陷能力为绝对震陷能力的概念,相应的震陷系数称为绝对震陷系数,含水率影响潜在震陷能力的释放。通过震害实例计算验证剪切波速和含水率双指标预测方法的可行性。 相似文献
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本文研究了计算震陷值和震害指数增量之间的关系,指出计算震陷值可以很好反映地基失效情况,但在预测房层的震害时还需考虑基础类型、建筑物特点和地震烈度等因素的影响。文中给出了液化地区房层震害预测的方法,并就如何考虑液化土层对房屋震害的影响对现行抗震规范提出了修改意见。 相似文献
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珠江三角洲场地震害预测 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
场地震害是随空间和时间而变化的多因子影响的综合体。本文根据这一观点分析影响珠江三角洲场地震害的环境因子及岩土特征，探讨该区砂土液化、软土震陷、活动断裂、滑坡、崩塌、岩溶和孤立地形等场地震害，指出本区未来场地震害的主要形式是砂土液化和软土震陷，但也不可忽视活动断裂和水下场地震害，以及特殊地形地貌引致的共振、驻波破坏。 相似文献
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《地震研究》2016,(4)
基于文献史料记载和现场科考成果,考证了黄土地区几次中强以上地震引发的黄土震陷灾害,分析了黄土震陷灾害的破坏模式、发育特征及其形成条件。依据大量不同地区黄土的动三轴试验结果,比较分析了黄土震陷形成的物性指标的区域性变化规律,并进一步研究了震陷临界动应力的影响因素。研究显示,黄土地区的几次中强以上地震的极震区均有黄土震陷事例;黄土震陷的灾害模式可区分为振密型震陷、震陷型滑坡和液化型震陷,并由土性条件、地形地貌和地震动作用形式决定;孔隙比大于0.8时,黄土高原地区的黄土需要考虑不同含水量条件下的震陷性,而黄土高原地区东南部的河南、河北和晋东南地区的黄土则可根据缩限含水量判定其震陷性;临界动应力的大小由黄土的结构强度所主导,临界动应力比与含水量之间存在很好的幂函数关系。 相似文献
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本研究在通渭、兰州、西吉、宝鸡、西安等多个西北典型黄土震陷灾害场地获取原状土样,通过对密度、含水率、孔隙比、塑液限等物理指标的测试,分析其与土体震陷性的关系;通过动弹性模量和阻尼比、动强度、震陷等室内动力特性试验,并结合大量前人研究资料,分析土体性质对岩土震陷灾害的区域性影响。结果表明：1）震陷系数与单一土体物性参数呈正相关或负相关关系,六盘山以西和以东的黄土震陷特性反映了明显的地区变化规律,在相同地震荷载作用下震害东轻西重;2）随着时间的推移,人类的活动增加,改变了土的含水率,导致土体上覆压力增大,在上覆压力的作用下,土体的初始孔隙数量有所减少,其固结程度越来越好,宏观表现为土体的易损性即震陷性减小。 相似文献
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Lanmin Wang Junjie Sun Xuefeng Huang Shunhua Xu Yucheng Shi Rendong Qiu Zhenzhong Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
At present piles foundation is widely used in the earthquake-prone loess area of China. Unfortunately, negative skin friction (NSF) along piles induced by an abrupt settlement of loess under strong earthquakes, so called seismic subsidence, has not been taken into account in design of piles foundation due to the lack of NSF data from field test. In order to investigate NSF along piles caused by seismic subsidence of loess and develop a method to estimate this earthquake-induced NSF, the authors perform a field test at a loess site by means of a series of explosions, i.e. a short delay blasting, in which two reinforced concrete piles was grouted. The expected ground motion generated by the short delay blasting is strong enough to induce an obvious seismic subsidence in the loess site. There are 40 stress gages to be averagely disposed into the two piles with a certain interval to collect the data of NSF during this field test. Meanwhile, ground motion and seismic subsidence of loess were, respectively, observed by accelerographes and a level gauge. The obtained data particularly disclose the developing characteristics and magnitude of loess seismic subsidence and NSF at the condition of strong ground motion. The loess seismic subsidence and NSF both have a rapid development in the explosion process and then keep a slower increase for some days after the blasting. At the end of observation, the maximum seismic subsidence of loess in the field reaches 33 mm; the average NSF along piles attains to 54 kPa, which is much greater than previous cases of NSF caused by collapse of loess. This field test shows the NSF along piles induced by seismic subsidence of loess is significant and should not be ignored in design of piles foundation in seismic loess regions. 相似文献
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Xiaowu Pu Lanming Wang Ping Wang Xiufeng Tian Shiyang Xu Shaofeng Chai Haitao Guo 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(3):100114
A series of housing collapses and other serious damage was caused by the 2008 Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake in the seismic intensity Ⅵ areas of the Loess Plateau, which is hundreds of kilometers away from the epicenter, and which showed a remarkable seismic intensity anomaly. The seismic disasters are closely related to the seismic response characteristics of the site, therefore, the systematic study of the far-field seismic response law of the Wenchuan earthquake in the Loess Plateau is of great significance to prevent the far-field disaster of great earthquake. In this paper, the seismic acceleration records of several bedrock stations and loess stations from the seismogenic fault of the Wenchuan earthquake to the Loess Plateau were collected, and the attenuation law of ground motion along the propagation path and the characteristics of seismic response on the loess site are studied, and the mechanism of amplification effect of ground motion is analyzed based on the dynamic feature parameters of the loess site obtained through the HVSR method. Taking a typical loess site of thick deposit as the prototype, a series of shaking table tests of dynamic response of loess site models with different thicknesses were carried out. Amplification effect, spectral characteristics of acceleration in model sites were analyzed under the action of a far-field seismic wave of the Wenchuan earthquake. The results show that seismic attenuation on the propagation path along the NE strike of the seismogenic fault to the Loess Plateau is slower than that in other directions, and the predominant period range of ground motion on bedrock site of the Loess Plateau presents broadband characteristics. Because the natural periods of loess sites with thick deposits are within the predominant period range of bedrock input wave, loess sites appear significant amplification effect of ground motion, the horizontal acceleration of ground motion exceeds 0.1 ?g, the seismic intensity reaches 7°. The thicker the loess deposit is, the more significant the change of spectral characteristics of ground motion on loess sites, and the narrower the predominant period range of ground motion becomes, and the closer it is to the natural period of loess sites. Therefore, for some old houses on thick loess sites, the poor seismic performance and strong seismic response eventually led to their collapses and damages because their natural periods are very close to the predominant period of ground motion of the Wenchuan earthquake on thick loess sites; For these damaged high-rise buildings, the resonance effect might be the main reason for their damages because their natural periods are included in the predominant period range of ground motion of the Wenchuan earthquake on thick loess sites.These research results would provide a basis for seismic disasters prediction and evaluation and seismic design of construction engineering in the Loess Plateau. 相似文献
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基于FLAC3D数值模拟方法,建立不同类型的黄土场地计算模型,研究地震动强度和频率对不同类型黄土场地的动力响应特征和变形规律,分析不同类型黄土场地地震动响应的差异性,揭示不同类型黄土场地诱发的地震灾害,结合理论分析验证数值模拟结果的可靠性。研究表明:黄土-泥岩接触型二元结构斜坡极易发生滑动破坏引起斜坡失稳,并且在坡肩位置引起较为明显的动力响应,加速度放大系数是坡顶的2倍左右,是一元结构黄土斜坡相同部位加速度放大系数的1.5倍左右; 黄土斜坡临空面的存在会引起土体沿坡面发生一定范围的滑动和堆积,黄土塬内较塬边更为稳定,不易发生损伤破坏; 低频地震波对平坦场地的地震响应影响明显,随着高程的增加,频带宽度增加,傅里叶谱幅值增加,坡肩处的幅值是坡脚的2倍左右; 黄土斜坡场地易诱发大面积的滑坡灾害,黄土塬场地在剪切力和压张破坏条件下易诱发局部震陷灾害。 相似文献
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村镇房屋是历次震害中最薄弱的建筑,提高其抗震性能刻不容缓。本文依据《中国地震动参数区划图》（GB18306-2015）的地震动峰值加速度、反应谱特征周期和地震烈度的取值,以陕南6县18镇54个自然村的1161栋村镇房屋为抽样样本,完成样本的结构类型、结构类型的破坏比及破坏损失比、场地条件、抗震概念设计、村民的抗震知识和抗震防灾意识等现状的统计分析。结果表明:陕南村镇房屋的结构类型有生土结构、木结构、砖木结构、砖混结构和框架结构,其中砖混结构是其主要的抗震结构类型;砖木结构、砖混结构和框架结构在不同地震烈度影响下的破坏比有差异,而破坏损失比相同;陕南村镇房屋的场地条件变化复杂,抗震概念设计存在缺陷且村民的抗震知识和抗震防灾意识淡薄,亟待提高。 相似文献
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Wang Xiaoqing Wang Long Zhang Xihai Ding Xiang Qiu Hu Dong Yanfang DouAixia Zhang Feiyu Liu Zaitao 《中国地震研究》2009,23(4):392-401
The fast developing remote sensing techniques play an increasingly important role in earthquake emergency response, disaster survey and loss estimation. As there is a lack of quantitative studies on seismic damage based on remote sensing, its practicality in seismic disaster management has usually been questioned. The paper introduces the essential quantitative study idea, the concept of the remote sensing seismic damage index (DRS_I RS) and analysis models, demonstrates the seismic damage indices (DG_IC) of buildings obtained from ground surveying and its quantitative relation to DRS_I RS in Dujiangyan city, Sichuan Province, which was destroyed by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake with M_S8.0. The primary results show that an obvious relationship exists between the DRS_I RS of buildings obtained from the high resolution satellite or aerial remote sensing images and DG_I C or the building collapse ratio obtained through ground survey, which suggests that the quantitative study on seismic damage based on remote sensing will provide an effective method for seismic damage survey and loss estimation. 相似文献