共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Spectrographic determinations for twenty trace elements in the six new U.S.G.S. silicate rock standards along with the rock standards G-1, W-1, SR-1, GR and BR are given. Most of the results represent the average of triplicate determinations on each of five splits of the portions of the standards available to the authors. Thus, the preferred values represent, in most cases, the average of fifteen replicate determinations. 相似文献
2.
给出了钻孔灌注桩水下砼灌注所采用的数学模型，根据此数学模型计算了初灌量，并把后续灌注分为５个阶段，对５个阶段的有关多数进行了近似计算。将计算值与工程实例进行了对比，基本吻合。 相似文献
3.
Theo de Crook Vladimír Schenk M. S. Barbano F. Colombo J. J. Egozcue M. García-Fernández P. Kottnauer G. Leydecker F. Mantlík Z. Schenková G. Zonno 《Natural Hazards》1989,2(3-4):229-236
The algorithms to evaluate seismic hazard, used and/or developed by five teams participating in the TERESA project, applied to the low seismicity area Belgium, The Netherlands and NW Germany are compared. The main differences in the results can be explained by the majority criterion of Egozcue et al. (1989), the differences in the upper bound and zonification and, in some cases, by a higher attenuation. 相似文献
4.
5.
A number of physical factors have been introduced to improve limited area model forecasts. The factors include land surface
fluxes, shallow convection and radiation. The model including these additional physical factors (modified physics) is run
for five cases of monsoon depression which made landfall over the Indian coast, and the results are compared with those of
the control run. The forecasts are verified by computing the root mean square and mean errors. The differences in these skill
scores between the two model runs are tested for their statistical significance. It is found that the modified physics has
a statistically significant effect on the model skill with the maximum impact on the mean sea level pressure and the temperature.
Detailed analyses of mean sea level pressure, wind, rainfall and temperature further confirm that the modified physics has
maximum impact on mean sea level pressure and temperature and marginal impact on wind and rainfall. Furthermore, analyses
of some model parameters related to physics at a grid point for one case of depression were done. The results show that the
inclusion of the land surface physics, shallow convection and radiative processes have produced a better precipitation forecast
over the grid point. 相似文献
6.
Determining elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks using Brazilian test and iterative procedure 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The elastic constants of rocks are the basic parameters for rock mechanics, and play a very important role in engineering design. There are many laboratory methods to determine the elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks, and the Brazilian test is a popular method. This paper presented a method combination of the Brazilian test, back calculation, and iterative procedure to evaluate the five independent elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks in laboratory. The strain data at the centre of discs were obtained using Brazilian test. The stresses at the centre of discs were computed using numerical programs. By using back calculation, the temporary elastic constants were computed after the stresses and stains were substituted into elastic mechanics equations. After iterative procedure, the convergent values of the elastic constants can be obtained. One numerical example and three experimental cases were proposed to show the applicability of this method. The convergent values of the five independent elastic constants can be obtained in no more than 10 iterative cycles. The results coming from numerical analysis method exhibited satisfactory outcome in accordance with those of generalized reduced gradient method. The merits of this method include convenient specimen preparation of the Brazilian test, simple iterative procedure, and readily available commercially numerical programs, so that this method can be easily popularized in research and engineering analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
H. W. Fairbairn 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1954,4(1-4):75-80
Petrofabric investigation of five crossbedded quartzites shows an essentially isotropic fabric in three cases, and preferred orientation together with parallel texture in the remaining two. Crossbedding is undistorted in all five. Recrystallization by solution and re-deposition could satisfactorily explain the three isotropic fabrics. Low-magnitude shear of short duration, coupled with extremely sensitive response of quartz to deformation, is the preferred explanation for the quartzites showing preferred orientation.At a higher metamorphic level in a sheared granite, stress-sensitive quartz and stress-insensitive feldspar are contrasted and, in view of their analogous crystal structures, the apparent anomaly in deformation behavior is noted.With 2 figures. 相似文献
8.
划分岩体渗透结构类型是水利水电工程地质勘察和渗透性评价的重要内容。从岩体结构的控渗作用出发,分析了控制岩体渗透特征的主要因素,即岩性、断裂构造、风化卸荷作用及岩溶作用;提出了岩体渗透结构类型的划分原则,即考虑岩体的各向异性特征。根据岩体的宏观渗透特征,即渗透介质及主要途径,将岩体渗透结构类型划分为5类:散体状渗透结构、层状渗透结构、带状渗透结构、网络状渗透结构、管道状渗透结构。结合工程实例,给出了小浪底渗透结构为层状及带状、三峡工程坝址区岩体渗透结构为散体状、网格状及带状。 相似文献
9.
对影响滚石的岩性、地形坡高和地质结构等因素进行现场地质调查和分析,初步确定存在潜在滚石的坡体。借助BJSD-2B型激光断面仪,选取上述坡体的4个典型剖面进行坡形测量。结合数值分析结果,确定块石A~F发生滚石的可能性较大。现场测量确定A~F块石的体积。在此基础上,利用Rocfall模拟软件对6块块石滚落的运动特征（运动距离、弹跳高度、动能和运动速度）进行预测和分析。结果表明：块石D的失稳对游客的生命安全威胁相对较小,但会直接导致7号洞洞室发生严重破坏;其余5块块石的失稳均会对游人的生命安全造成重大威胁,但不会严重影响到相应洞室的稳定。建议对上述6块块石所在坡体的关键部位及时采取工程措施进行加固。 相似文献
10.
The luminosity and mass functions of a group of Galactic open clusters are constructed by applying a statistical method to photometric data from the USNO-A1 catalog. Despite some limitations, this catalog can be used for statistical analyses in Galactic astronomy. Pairwise comparisons of the derived cluster luminosity functions are performed for five age intervals. The differences between the luminosity functions of the open clusters are not statistically significant in most cases. It is concluded that the luminosity functions are approximately universal throughout a large volume in the solar neighborhood. Combined luminosity and mass functions are constructed for six age intervals. The slope of the mass spectrum may vary somewhat from cluster to cluster, and the mean slope may be somewhat higher than the Salpetervalue. 相似文献
11.
Seasonal variations and mechanisms of groundwater nitrate pollution in the Gaza Strip 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Nitrate represents one of the major pollutants of groundwater in the Gaza Strip. Several cases of blue babies disease were reported in the last couple of years. The present study is an investigation of the seasonal variations in nitrate concentration to better understand the mechanisms and parameters controlling this perilous pollutant. Nitrate was analysed in 100 wells (47 agricultural and 53 domestic) in five governorates. The results showed that 90% of the tested wells have nitrate far beyond the allowed values set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The average concentration of nitrate in domestic wells is 128 mg/L in June-July and 118 mg/L in Jan-Feb, and for the agricultural wells, the average is 100 mg/L in June-July, and 96 mg/L for Jan-Feb. The results suggest that the seasonal differences in nitrate concentrations of the domestic wells are slightly more observable than those of the agricultural wells. The environmental factors that control nitrate in groundwater are: a partially-confined aquifer, lack of a sewage system, population density, the presence of refugee camps, the presence of fertilizers and the annual rain. The variations in nitrate concentration of the domestic wells are not of considerable values. It is suggested that concrete policies in pollution control and/or prevention measures could be formulated upon better understanding of the environmental factors. 相似文献
12.
Local groundwater governance in Yemen: building on traditions and enabling communities to craft new rules 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Taha Taher Bryan Bruns Omar Bamaga Adel Al-Weshali Frank van Steenbergen 《Hydrogeology Journal》2012,20(6):1177-1188
Local groundwater management in Yemen and the means by which stakeholders can work together to improve water governance are discussed. In the last few decades the discourse on groundwater management in Yemen has increasingly been cast in terms of crisis, triggered by rapidly declining water tables around cities and in the main agricultural areas. However, in some places in Yemen, communities have responded by implementing local rules that have reduced conflict and provided more reliable and equitable access to water. This trend towards development of local groundwater governance is described, and could make a major contribution in realizing the goals of national water-sector policies and strategies. Twenty-four cases have been identified from different parts of the country and five cases are presented in detail. The article discusses how the process of local management could be nurtured and how it could contribute to rebalancing water use in several parts of Yemen. 相似文献
13.
滑坡位移预测模型是滑坡预警系统建立的核心,而模型可靠性与精确性关键在于主控因子的选取与基础理论模型的构建。学者们通过大量滑坡实例研究,已取得了诸多成果,但是由于滑坡位移变化具有强烈的个性特征及趋势发展的不确定性问题,在多因子联合作用下的位移预测模型尚有不足之处。本文以西南地区普遍存在的平推式滑坡——垮梁子滑坡为研究对象,结合前人已有的研究成果,综合考虑坡体内外各项影响因子,利用灰色关联度与相关性分析对坡体变形主控因子进行优化筛选。以此为基础,提出一种基于GM（1,1）灰色模型与改进型自适应遗传算法（IAGA）进行优化的小波神经网络（WNN）联合预测模型构建方案。通过对垮梁子滑坡历时5年的监测数据挖掘分析,得知滑坡变形受累计降雨、渗压、地下水位及土体含水率影响显著,预测结果与实际监测比较吻合。相较于传统BP神经网络模型、小波神经网络模型和未优化遗传算法-小波神经网络联合模型,该联合模型具有更好的稳定性与精度优势,在滑坡预警预报研究中具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
14.
Elisabeth Peters 《Computational Geosciences》2011,15(2):345-358
The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) appears to give good results for matching production data at existing wells. However, the
predictive power of these models outside of the existing wells is much more uncertain. In this paper, for a channelized reservoir
for five different cases with different levels of information the production history is matched using the EnKF. The predictive
power of the resulting model is tested for the existing wells and for new wells. The results show a consistent improvement
for the predictions at the existing wells after assimilation of the production data, but not for prediction of production
at new well locations. The latter depended on the settings of the problem and prior information used. The results also showed
that the fit during the history match was not always a good predictor for predictive capabilities of the history match model.
This suggests that some form of validation outside of observed wells is essential. 相似文献
15.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):1048-1055
A study of the magnetic anomalies in the southeastern part of the Russian platform and its margins provides structural data on the crystalline basement. The area studied is divided into five provinces on the basis of the nature and intensity of the magnetic field. The sources of most of the anomalies are considered to occur in the upper part or top of the crystalline basement. As a result of the study current geological assumptions and hypotheses concerning the area are either corroborated or refuted. In some cases the magnetic data substantiate geologic and tectonic interpretations.--J. Lemish. 相似文献
16.
Petrographic investigations of serial ply samples from five high- to medium-volatile bituminous coal seams from Australia (4) and Canada (1) reveal substantial in-seam variations in the reflectance and monochromatic microfluorescence intensities of the maceral subgroup telovitrinite. The variations consist of one case of reflectance enhancement and fluorescence suppression, and four cases of reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement. The single case of reflectance enhancement and fluorescence suppression is due to the oxidation of the vitrinite nuclei at the sequence boundary between the Bayswater and Upper Wynn seams in New South Wales. The four cases of reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement result from the syn- and epigenetic absorption by the vitrinite nuclei of hydrogen donated by, presumably, anaerobic bacteria-generated lipids. Two of the coals are marine-influenced: the Liskeard Seam from the Bowen Basin by combined syngenetic and epigenetic effects, and the Greta Seam from the Sydney Basin mainly by epigenetic contact with sea water. For both coals, the results are strong vitrinite reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement. The remaining two coals, the Bulli Seam from the Sydney Basin and a coal seam from the Gates Formation in British Columbia, show moderate epigenetic effects on the optical properties of telovitrinite by fresh-water. In the Bulli Seam which was studied in two adjacent localities, the reflectance suppression and fluorescence enhancement of telovitrinite are stronger under sandstone roof than under shale roof. In some cases, the epigenetic effects are superimposed on syngenetic telovitrinite reflectance and fluorescence variations resulting from the cogeneration and mixing of different telovitrinite precursors, for example, autochthonous roots and hypautochthonous or allochthonous shoots. A measure of the degree of dispersal and mixing is the coefficient of variation of telovitrinite reflectance and/or fluorescence. This coefficient correlates well with detrital minerals and dispersed macerals, e.g., inertodetrinite and, to a lesser extent, sporinite. Some comments are made on slitted so-called pseudovitrinite which is regarded as a telovitrinite that was subjected to very weak post-coalification desiccation and possibly oxidation without losing much of its thermoplastic properties. 相似文献
17.
辽宁浦石河抽水蓄能电站地应力测量研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解浦石河抽水蓄能电站枢纽区现今应力状态,采用空心包体应力计在探洞内进行了地应力测量。共布设5个地应力测点,每个测点都进行了多次测量,采用最小二乘法对5个测点测量结果进行分别计算和综合计算。测量结果表明:最大主应力近于水平,方向为N79°W,应力量值为7.1MPa;各测点不同测段测量结果有一定偏差,这主要是由于不同部位岩体构造条件所致,随着测量次数增多,最大主应力优势方向还是比较明显的。最后根据实测结果对电站枢纽区现今应力作用特征进行了分析,并对工程设计提出了建议。 相似文献
18.
Waters from five cenotes that are currently being used for aquatic recreational activities and that lie along the Cancun–Tulum
touristic corridor, Mexico, were evaluated hydrochemically to determine whether the cenotes may be considered as potential
drinking-water sources. Several parameters exceed the Mexican Drinking Water Standards (MDWS), but since they do not pose
a significant health threat, four of the five cenotes may be used as drinking-water sources. The common contaminants in the
Yucatan Peninsula, fecal coliforms and nitrate, are in most cases below the MDWS (0–460 MPN/100 ml and 0.31–1.18 mg/L, respectively).
Although these four cenotes meet the MDWS, a careful groundwater management policy needs to be developed to avoid contamination
(fecal and nitrates) and salt-water intrusion.
Received, October 1996 Revised, June 1997; March 1998 Accepted, July 1997 相似文献
19.
The dynamical stability of 16 multiple stars is analyzed using Monte Carlo simulations with allowance for the errors in the observational data. The analysis was carried out by varying the uncertainties in the initial observational data. Six different stability criteria were considered, and the dynamical evolution was studied using numerical simulations. Eleven of the systems are probably stable, whereas five systems (HD 40887, HD 136176, HD 150680, HD 217675, and HD 222326) are probably unstable (the probability that they are unstable is 0.94 or more accordingt o the results of forward and backward simulations over intervals of 106 yr). The results of the simulations were most consistent with the criteria of Mardling-Aarseth (the correlation coefficient between the probabilities of disruption inferred from the stability criterion and numerical integration was r = 0.998), Valtonen-Karttunen (r = 0.998), and Eggleton-Kiseleva (r = 0.997). In about 92–93% of all cases, these criteria yield results that are consistent with the numerical simulations. These criteria also yield high disruption probabilities for the unstable systems. Scenarios for the formation of such systems are discussed: temporary capture of a field star by a close binary, perturbation of a stable multiple system by a massive field object, and disruption of small stellar groups or clusters. The probabilities that these scenarios are realized are analyzed. 相似文献
20.
北极地区油气资源潜力大,且油气勘探开发尚处于初期,是未来国内外油气工业发展的重要战略领域。文中综合运用全球领先信息服务公司埃信华迈（IHS）和美国地质调查局（USGS）的最新资料及已有研究成果,对北极地区的盆地类型和油气资源分布规律展开研究。结果表明:北极地区至少发育35个沉积盆地,具体划分为裂谷盆地（5个）、被动大陆边缘盆地（16个）、克拉通盆地（5个）、前陆盆地（5个）和大洋盆地（4个）。裂谷盆地是北极地区油气最富集的盆地类型,发现油气探明和控制可采储量（简称2P储量）441.12×108 t油当量,占北极地区油气总储量的74.6%,其次为前陆盆地、被动大陆边缘盆地和克拉通盆地。北极地区大部分油气储于白垩系、侏罗系和二叠系的碎屑岩储集层,仅有小部分油气储于石炭系和泥盆系碳酸盐岩储集层,且不同国家、不同含油气盆地的主力储集层存在明显差异。北极地区的油气主要源自侏罗系和白垩系的烃源岩,三叠系和泥盆系烃源岩次之。此外,复合圈闭是北极地区油气藏的主要圈闭类型,其次是构造圈闭。北极地区盆地类型和油气宏观分布规律的研究将为中国石油公司在北极地区的长远发展奠定基础。 相似文献