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1.
喜马拉雅块体现今运动学特征的地震矩张量反演分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用地震矩张量反演计算了喜马拉雅块体地震主应变率，应变率主方向以及变形速率，探讨了喜马拉雅块体现了形变特征，并与GPS形变监测结果以及地震结果进行了比较分析。地震矩张量反演结果表明，喜马拉雅块体不仅有南北向的压缩变形，而且有显著的东西向拉张运动，其变形量级与GPS形变监测结果，地质资料得出的结果基本一致，与珠峰地区GPS计算结果获得的该地区的应变趋势基本一致。 相似文献
2.
华北地区活动地块边界带运动及块体内部变形分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于刚性块体和GPS稳定点组概念，用GPS稳定点组的水平速度值求出了各活动地块及华北亚板块的欧拉运动参数，推证了块体边界上的点相对运动速度矢量公式，通过该公式利用块体欧拉运动参数反演计算分析了地块边界带运动状况；通过块体欧拉运动参数反演计算各GPS观测点的背景运动速度，用观测点的实测运动速度减去各观测点的背景运动速度得出其实际变形值，进一步分析了各地块内部变形情况，并探讨了各活动地块的刚性特征。 相似文献
3.
利用1999~2013年间多期GPS观测数据,将云南地区分为5个活动块体,研究区域现今水平运动特征、应变特征以及各块体的运动特征,反演主要活动断裂带的走滑速率。结果表明,区域水平运动具有北强南弱的特征,小江断裂带、红河断裂带对云南地区构造活动具有明显控制作用,改变了断裂带两侧的运动特征;区域应变具有明显的差异,西部以拉张应变为主,东部小江断裂带周边地区拉张和挤压应变均衡且为强应变区,滇东地区应变较小;各块体运动方向与速率存在差异,滇东块体为逆时针旋转,其余块体顺时针旋转;基于块体模型反演的主要断裂带的走滑速率与地质方法获取的走滑速率具有较好的一致性。 相似文献
4.
We have determined approximate average rates of deformation in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its margins from the GPS data for last 10 years and the moment tensors from earthquakes between 1900 and 1999. We also determined the strain rate (seismic strain rate) associated with the seismic deformation using 254Mω≥5.0 earthquakes, and estimated the shortening and extension rates for every block in the area as well. We also estimated the strain rate (geodetic strain rate) by 80 GPS sites’ velocity vectors and analyzed characteristic of kinematics by two kinds of strain rates and discussed earthquake potential in the area. As a result, the deformation rates from seismic moment tensors and from GPS velocities are basically agreed with each other. It is feasible to analyze seismic risk by comparing geodetic strain rate with seismic strain rate based on the opinion that strain energy will be released through earthquake. It is concluded that there is no strong earthquake potential (>M7) in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its margins, but there is earthquake potential (>M5) in middle Tibet in a few years. 相似文献
5.
This paper illustrates the surveys and the results obtained in an experiment whose goal is to evaluate the Global Positioning
System (GPS) sensitivity and accuracy for deformation control on non-permanent network of different extensions. To this aim
a high-precision device was properly built to set up known displacements along three orthogonal axes of a GPS antenna. One
of the antennas in the considered GPS networks was moved according to centimeter and sub-centimeter displacements; after careful
GPS data processing, it was evaluated whether these simulated deformations were correctly a posteriori detected and at which
probability level. This experiment was carried out both on a local (baselines ranging between 3 and 30 km) and on a regional
(baselines ranging between 300 and 600 km) GPS network. The results show that in the local network it is possible to identify
the displacements at a level of 10 mm in height and at a level of 5 mm in horizontal position. The analysis of the regional
network showed that it is fundamental to investigate new strategies to model the troposphere; in fact, it is necessary to
improve the precision of the height in order to correctly identify displacements lower than 60–80 mm; on the contrary, horizontal
displacements can be evidenced at the level of 20 mm.
Received: 27 April 1998 / Accepted: 14 December 1998 相似文献
6.
Research on the deformations in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its margins by inverting seismic moment tensors and GPS velocities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We have determined approximate average rates of deformation in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its margins from the GPS data for last 10 years and the moment tensors from earthquakes between 1900 and 1999.We also determined the strain rate (seismic strain rate) associated with the seismic deformation using 254 Mw≥5.0 earthquakes,and estimated the shortening and extension rates for every block in the area as well.We also estimated the strain rate (geodetic strain rate)by 80 GPS sites' velocity vectors and analyzed characteristic of kinematics by two kinds of strain rates and discussed earthquake potential in the area.As a result,the deformation rates from seismic moment tensors and from GPS velocities are basically agreed with each other.It is feasible to analyze seismic risk by comparing geodetic strain rate with seismic strain rate based on the opinion that strain energy will be released through earthquake.It is concluded that there is no strong earthquake potential (＞M7) in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its margins,but there is earthquake potential (＞M5) in middle Tibet in a few years. 相似文献
7.
Ocean tide loading (OTL) displacements from global and local grids: comparisons to GPS estimates over the shelf of Brittany, France 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stavros A. Melachroinos R. Biancale M. Llubes F. Perosanz F. Lyard M. Vergnolle M. -N. Bouin F. Masson J. Nicolas L. Morel S. Durand 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(6):357-371
In this paper we examine OTL displacements detected by GPS stations of a dedicated campaign and validate ocean tide models.
Our area of study is the continental shelf of Brittany and Cotentin in France. Brittany is one of the few places in the world
where tides provoke loading displacements of ∼10–12 cm vertically and a few cm horizontally. Ocean tide models suffer from
important discrepancies in this region. Seven global and regional ocean tide models were tested: FES2004 corrected for K2,
TPXO.7.0, TPXO.6.2, GOT00.2, CSR4.0, NAO.99b and the most recent regional grids of the North East Atlantic (NEA2004). These
gridded amplitudes and phases of ocean tides were convolved in order to get the predicted OTL displacements using two different
algorithms. Data over a period of 3.5 months of 8 GPS campaign stations located on the north coast of Brittany are used, in
order to evaluate the geographical distribution of the OTL effect. We have modified and implemented new algorithms in our
GPS software, GINS 7.1. GPS OTL constituents are estimated based on 1-day batch solutions. We compare the observed GPS OTL
constituents of M2, S2, N2 and K1 waves with the selected ocean tide models on global and regional grids. Large phase-lag and amplitude discrepancies over
20° and 1.5 cm in the vertical direction in the semi-diurnal band of M2 between predictions and GPS/models are detected in the Bay of Mont St-Michel. From a least squares spectral analysis of the
GPS time-series, significant harmonic peaks in the integer multiples of the orbital periods of the GPS satellites are observed,
indicating the existence of multipath effects in the GPS OTL constituents. The GPS OTL observations agree best with FES2004,
NEA2004, GOT00.2 and CSR4.0 tide models. 相似文献
8.
利用GPS复测资料研究华北地块旋转运动 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用 ＧＡＭＩＴ和ＧＰＳＡＤＪ软件对华北地区 ＧＰＳ监测网和首都图 ＧＰＳ监测网在 １９９２、１９９５、１９９６年观测的３期ＧＰＳ数据进行统一处理,估算了华北地区地壳水平运动速度场,以此反演块体旋转运动参数,讨论了华北地块旋转运动情况,并与地质、古地磁结果作了比较,最后初步分析华北地块运动的动力学机制。 相似文献
9.
The proper identification and removal of outliers in the combination of rates of vertical displacements derived from GPS,
tide gauges/satellite altimetry, and GRACE observations is presented. Outlier detection is a necessary pre-screening procedure
in order to ensure reliable estimates of stochastic properties of the observations in the combined least-squares adjustment
(via rescaling of covariance matrices) and to ensure that the final vertical motion model is not corrupted and/or distorted
by erroneous data. Results from this study indicate that typical data snooping methods are inadequate in dealing with these
heterogeneous data sets and their stochastic properties. Using simulated vertical displacement rates, it is demonstrated that
a large variety of outliers (random scattered and adjacent, as well as jointly influential) can be dealt with if an iterative
re-weighting least-squares adjustment is combined with a robust median estimator. Moreover, robust estimators are efficient
in areas weakly constrained by the data, where even high quality observations may appear to be erroneous if their estimates
are largely influenced by outliers. Four combined models for the vertical motion in the region of the Great Lakes are presented.
The computed vertical displacements vary between − 2 mm/year (subsidence) along the southern shores and 3 mm/year (uplift)
along the northern shores. The derived models provide reliable empirical constraints and error bounds for postglacial rebound
models in the region. 相似文献
10.
崔胜涛 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(1)
随着深入实施东北振兴战略,辽宁沿海经济带开发、开放上升为国家战略,辽宁沿海地区形成全国沿海重要的经济增长极,工业化和城镇化进程加快,海岸带国土空间开发强度迅速增加,促使产业进一步向滨海地区集聚。本文探讨了基于遥感影像对辽宁滨海港产城一体化结构进行研究。 相似文献
11.
基于GPS的关中地区现今地壳水平运动特征分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
本文在广泛总结前人研究成果、经验并结合关中地区地质构造背景和地震特征的基础上,利用关中地区的GPS观测数据对关中地区地壳水平运动形变进行了深入研究,结果表明:①相对于榆林站点(D058),2002-2004年关中地区和鄂尔多斯块体南缘水平运动速率呈现较为明显的北东向条状带运动特征,仍然呈现整体不连续性逆时针旋转运动的特征;2004年-2005年关中地区和鄂尔多斯块体南缘GPS站点呈现分块式运动特征,不存在较明显的整体不连续性变化特征;②相对于彬县站点(JB08),关中地区中部的彬县-西安-蓝田一线存在一左旋剪切带,该左旋剪切带的北部与铜川-泾阳-临潼-渭南这一北西向小震条带有着较好的对应关系,可能是决定关中地区中部地震活动的主要因素;关中地区从整体上看,东部站点运动成规律性变化,运动速率大,约为6~7mm/a;中西部站点运动规律性不强,运动速率稍小。 相似文献
12.
GPS观测研究青藏东北缘的水平变形特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
推导了利用位移场计算主应变、面膨胀、最大剪应变的公式,通过2次重复GPS观测结果,计算了新青藏高原东北缘在1999～2001年间的水平主应变、面膨胀、最大剪应变等水平变形特征量的分布,并分析了在观测后发生的德令哈6．6级地震活动与变形场特征量之间的分布关系。采用力学理论对该地区的地质构造运动、局部形变特征与地震活动的关系进行了讨论。得出了一些有意义的结论和认识。 相似文献
13.
The loading exerted by atmospheric pressure on the surface of the Earth causes deformations, mainly in vertical direction. Consequently, these deformations are also subject to pressure variations. At present this effect is only modeled by a few research groups in the post-processing of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) and global positioning system (GPS) observations. As the displacements may clearly exceed the accuracy goals, we implement vertical pressure loading regression coefficients as a new estimable parameter type in the Bernese GPS software. This development is applied to a network of 60 European permanent GPS stations extending from 35 to 79° northern latitude. The analysis comprises 1,055 days of observations between January 2001 and February 2004. During that period pressure variations as large as 80 hPa occurred at high latitude sites. A least squares solution including all observations and all relevant parameters yields significant regression coefficients for all stations but reveals also some critical issues with regard to the capability of this geodetic approach to verify results based on the geophysical convolution method.An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
14.
吴继忠 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(4):437-440
2010-04-04墨西哥Baja California(32.259°N,115.287°W)Ms 7.2级地震发生在GPS连续观测站及钻孔应变仪相当密集的区域,利用GPS监测数据计算出了若干站点地震前后的位移量。地壳变形分析结果表明,离震中近的观测站变形量普遍较大,最大可达0.2m,大部分观测站明显向东南方向运动。通过选择较稳定的观测站作为参考站,计算了4观测站的动态变形序列,同时得到地震波的传播速度为3.2km/s,与应变观测计算结果比较吻合。 相似文献
15.
16.
Hiroshi Munekane 《Journal of Geodesy》2013,87(4):393-401
The sub-daily noise in horizontal global positioning system (GPS) kinematic time series arising from monument tilts is quantitatively evaluated using tiltmeter data at GPS stations from the Japanese nationwide global navigation satellite system network. The estimated tilt-induced monument displacements show characteristics that are typical of those caused by thermal tilts of the monuments. The root mean square of the displacements is typically a few millimetres, with notable inter-seasonal variations. The stacked amplitude spectra of the monument displacements have peaks at the tidal bands S1 and S2, and their higher tones. The peaks at the S1 and S2 bands in the amplitude spectra are reduced by 41 and 43 % for the north–south component and 36 and 53 % for the east–west component, respectively, after correcting for the monument displacements. The monument displacements due to the thermal tilts of the monuments may also be a favourable candidate for sub-daily noise at the S1 and S2 bands found in other GPS networks. 相似文献
17.
Very high-rate global positioning system (GPS) data has the capacity to quickly resolve seismically related ground displacements, thereby providing great potential for rapidly determining the magnitude and the nature of an earthquake’s rupture process and for providing timely warnings for earthquakes and tsunamis. The GPS variometric approach can measure ground displacements with comparable precision to relative positioning and precise point positioning (PPP) within a short period of time. The variometric approach is based on single-differencing over time of carrier phase observations using only the broadcast ephemeris and a single receiver to estimate velocities, which are then integrated to derive displacements. We evaluate the performance of the variometric approach to measure displacements using 50 Hz GPS data, which were recorded during the 2013 MW 6.6 Lushan earthquake and the 2011 MW 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. The comparison between 50 and 1 Hz seismic displacements demonstrates that 1 Hz solutions often fail to faithfully manifest the seismic waves containing high-frequency seismic signals due to aliasing, which is common for near-field stations of a moderate-magnitude earthquake. Results indicate that 10–50 Hz sampling GPS sites deployed close to the source or the ruptured fault are needed for measuring dynamic seismic displacements of moderate-magnitude events. Comparisons with post-processed PPP results reveal that the variometric approach can determine seismic displacements with accuracies of 0.3–4.1, 0.5–2.3 and 0.8–6.8 cm in the east, north and up components, respectively. Moreover, the power spectral density analysis demonstrates that high-frequency noises of seismic displacements, derived using the variometric approach, are smaller than those of PPP-derived displacements in these three components. 相似文献
18.
针对GPS坐标时序数据中存在的共模误差(CME),研究利用堆栈滤波(SF)、网络反演滤波(NIF)和主成分分析(PCA)三种方法进行剔除,以提高GPS监测区域地表位移的精度. 通过构建GPS坐标时序模型,去除明显构造运动,提取噪声残差时序,将隐含在噪声残差时序中的区域CME利用SF、NIF、PCA方法提取出来. 以日本房总半岛2019—2021年GPS坐标时序为例,比较三种方法和GPS站点空间分辨率对CME提取的影响,分析CME去除前后慢滑移地表位移的变化. 研究结果表明:SF、NIF、PCA方法提取CME的结果基本一致;GPS站点空间分辨率降低,提取的CME离散度增大;CME对慢滑移地表水平位移的大小和方向均会产生影响,需进行剔除. 相似文献
19.
为探究重力场恢复与气候实验(gravity recovery and climate experiment,GRACE)卫星与全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)两种独立技术获取的因陆地水储量变化引起的地壳垂向季节性位移的一致性,选取澳大利亚27个GPS站点5～10 a的高程时间序... 相似文献
20.
利用“中国地壳运动观测网络(二期)”245个GPS连续观测站及其他站的大量观测结果,采用离震中很远的7个GPS站作为位错参考框架,得到2011年3月11日东日本Mw9.0大地震的同震水平位移和应变。此种参考框架的位移场解,符合弹性位错模型离震中很远且水平位移接近于0的要求,不仅有利于位错模型反演,也有利于合理分析此次大地震同震水平位移的影响范围。地震前后区域参考框架下远场GPS连续观测位移时间序列和同震位移弹性位错模型反演结果表明,东日本大地震同震水平位移既是地震断层破裂的结果,也是远场震前数月或数年水平位移的弹性回跳,据此可以进一步确认这些站震前水平位移前兆异常。由于这些震前异常位移中亦包含了同震位移量(方向相反),因此,弹性位错模型为定量研究大地震前远场地壳运动异常提供了一种理论模型。位错参考框架中的同震位移及其位错模型和区域参考框架的位移时间系列的综合研究有助于对此次大地震地壳运动异常的认识。这种持续时间为数月至数年的弹性形变异常,可以为大地震的中短期预测提供依据。 相似文献