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һ���ɵ���ֱ�����굽��������ֱ��ת�� 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
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The definition of active block is given from the angles of crustal deformation and strain. The movement and strain parameters of active blocks are estimated according to the unified velocity field composed of the velocities at 1598 GPS stations obtained from GPS measurements carried out in the past years in the Chinese mainland and the surrounding areas. The movement and strain conditions of the blocks are analyzed. The active blocks in the Chinese mainland have a consistent E-trending movement component, but its N and S components are not consistent. The blocks in the western part have a consistent N-trending movement and the blocks in the eastern part have a consistent S-trending movement. In the area to the east of 90°E, that is the area from Himalayas block towards NE, the movement direction of the blocks rotates clockwisely and the movement rates of the blocks are different. Generally, the movement rate is large in the west and south and small in the east and north with a difference of 3 to 4 times between the rates in the west and east. The distributions of principal compressive strain directions of the blocks are also different. The principal strain of the blocks located to the west of 90oE is basically in the SN direction, the principal compressive strain of the blocks in the northeastern part of Qingzang plateau is roughly in the NE direction and the direction of principal compressive strain of the blocks in the southeastern part of Qingzang plateau rounds clockwisely the east end of Himalayas structure. In addition, the principal strain and shear strain rates of the blocks are also different. The Himalayas and Tianshan blocks have the largest principal compressive strain and the maximum shear strain rate. Then, Lhasa, Qiangtang, Southwest Yunnan (SW Yunnan), Qilian and Sichuan-Yunan (Chuan-Dian) blocks followed. The strain rate of the blocks in the eastern part is smaller. The estimation based on the stain condition indicates that Himalayas block is still the area with the most intensive tectonic activity and it shortens in the NS direction at the rate of 15.2±1.5 mm/a. Tianshan block ranks the second and it shortens in the NS direction at the rate of 10.1±0.9 mm/a. At present, the two blocks are still uprising. It can be seen from superficial strain that the Chinese mainland is predominated by superficial expansion. Almost the total area in the eastern part of the Chinese mainland is expanded, while in the western part, the superficial compression and expansion are alternatively distributed from the south to the north. In the Chinese mainland, most EW-trending or proximate EW-trending faults have the left-lateral or left-lateral strike-slip relative movements along both sides, and most NS-trending faults have the right-lateral or right-lateral strike-slip relative movements along both sides. According to the data from GPS measurements the left-lateral strike-slip rate is 4.8±1.3 mm/a in the central part of Altun fault and 9.8±2.2 mm/a on Xianshuihe fault. The movement of the fault along the block boundary has provided the condition for block movement, so the movements of the block and its boundary are consistent, but the movement levels of the blocks are different. The statistic results indicate that the relative movement between most blocks is quite significant, which proves that active blocks exist. Himalayas, Tianshan, Qiangtang and SW Yunnan blocks have the most intensive movement; China-Mongolia, China-Korea (China-Korea), Alxa and South China blocks are rather stable. The mutual action of India, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates versus Eurasia plate is the principal driving force to the block movement in the Chinese mainland. Under the NNE-trending intensive press from India plate, the crustal matter of Qingzang plateau moves to the NNE and NE directions, then is hindered by the blocks located in the northern, northeastern and eastern parts. The crustal matter moves towards the Indian Ocean by the southeastern part of the plateau. 相似文献
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中国大陆活动地块的运动与应变状态 总被引：49，自引：0，他引：49
从地壳运动与应变的角度给出了活动地块的定义,根据中国大陆及周边地区最近几年GPS观测得到的由1598个GPS站速度组成的统一速度场,估计了各个活动地块的运动与应变参数,分析了各个活动地块的运动与应变状态。中国大陆各地块存在一致的向东运动分量,但其南北分量是不一致的。西部地块存在一致的向北运动分量,东部地块存在一致的向南运动分量。在90°E以东,从喜马拉雅地块向NE方向,各地块的运动方向按顺时针方向旋转,各地块的运动速率是不相同的。从总体上看是西部大、东部小,南部大、北部小,西部大约是东部的3～4倍。各地块主压应变方向的空间分布是不相同的。在90°E以西各地块的主应变方向基本上为SN向,在青藏高原的东北部各地块的主压应变方向基本为NE向,在青藏高原东南部各地块的主压应变方向绕喜马拉雅构造东端顺时针方向旋转。各地块的主应变与剪应变率也是不同的,其中喜马拉雅、天山地块的主压和最大剪应变率最高,其次是拉萨、羌塘、滇西南、祁连与川滇地块。东部各地块的应变率较小。根据应变状态推测,喜马拉雅地块南北向的缩短速率为(15.2±1.5)mm/a,仍然是现今构造活动最强烈的地区,其次是天山地块,天山地块南北向的缩短速率为(10.1±0.9)mm/a。这两个地块目前仍处于隆升状态,从面应变看,面膨胀在中国大陆占优势,东部基本都是膨胀区,在西部面压缩与面膨胀从南向北相间分布。中国大陆的大多数东西向或近东西向断裂两侧的相对运动都是左旋或类似左旋走滑型的,大多数南北向断裂两侧的相对运动都是右旋或类似右旋走滑型的。GPS测定的阿尔金断裂中部的左旋走滑速为(4.8±1.3)mm/a,鲜水河断裂的左旋走滑速为(9.8±2.2)mm/a。地块边界断裂带的运动为地块运动创造了条件,地块及其边界的运动是协调一致的统一的,各个地块的活动程度是不相同的,统计检验结果表明,大多数地块之间的相对运动是显著的与非常显著的,这证明活动地块是客观存在的,喜马拉雅、拉萨、天山、羌塘和滇西南是活动最强烈的地块,中蒙、中朝西、阿拉善和华南是较稳定的地块,印度、太平洋、菲律宾板块与欧亚板块的互相作用力是中国大陆地块运动的主要驱动力。青藏高原地壳物质在印度板块NNE向的强烈推挤下,向NNE和NE方向运动,由于受到北部、东北部和东部地块的阻挡,经高原的东南部向印度洋方向运移, 相似文献
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根据昆仑山口西8．1级地震前后GPS测点的位移速率，用弹性模型公式计算了地壳应变参数．应变参量的变化表明，震前在地震区附近以压应变为主，应变速率较大．位移速率矢量显示出震前的震中地区相对周围为活动性较弱的“稳定”地区．地壳的形变和应变揭示出孕震体在挤压状态下积累了较高的应变势能．8．1级地震的同时期由于地壳释放了巨大的应变能而应变速率变化显著．计算结果表明，地震所产生的应变达到4．5×10-6以上．发震断裂带的平均左旋走滑量是3．31m（89°E～96°E）． 相似文献
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华北地区GPS监测网建设,地壳水平运动与应力场及地震活动性的关系 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
简要地介绍了华北地区、特别是首都圈ＧＰＳ地震监测网的布设、观测、数据处理方法案和监测精度等,较详细地分析了地壳水平形变与构造运动、应力场变化以及地震活动的性的关系。 相似文献
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论述了多普勒效应对 GPS伪距测量的影响 ,建立了 GPS伪距测量多普勒改正的模型。研究表明 ,多普勒效应对伪距观测值的影响与伪距和伪距变化率的积成正比。伪距观测值的多普勒改正的符号与伪距变化率的符号相同。多普勒改正值在卫星升起和降落时最大 ,其最大值可达到 60 m左右 ;在卫星最高位置时最小 ,其值接近于 0。多普勒效应对伪距观测值的影响相对于卫星最高位呈负对称 相似文献
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在 GPS伪距观测值中 ,发现存在着随测站和卫星距离变化而产生的系统偏差。经过严密、系统的计算 ,证明它是普遍存在的一种自然现象。它的主要部分和径向速度呈线性关系 ,在卫星向测站运动时伪距值偏大 ,在卫星背向测站运动时伪距值偏小 ,并呈负对称 ,偏差最大可达60 m。 相似文献
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滨海附近地区GPS和断层形变与地震关系研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
简要介绍了环勃海及华北部分地区跨断层形变资料的分析结果,同时介绍了１９９２年至１９９５年首都圈两期ＧＰＳ测量资料处理分析的初步结果。通过比较,二者所显示的地壳活动趋势存在性质上的差异,主要是因观测时段的不一致而引起;在同时段资料的对比分析中,因测点和断层空间分布差异的存在,有４４．８％的流动资料难以判定其与ＧＰＳ资料的一致性,但在可判定的３３项资料中,有８９％是一致的,证明二者从不同的侧面反映了近 相似文献