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1.
Due to increase in population and economic development, the mega-cities are facing increased haze events which are causing important effects on the regional environment and climate. In order to understand these effects, we require an in-depth knowledge of optical and physical properties of aerosols in intense haze conditions. In this paper an effort has been made to analyze the microphysical and optical properties of aerosols during intense haze event over mega-city of Lahore by using remote sensing data obtained from satellites (Terra/Aqua Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO)) and ground based instrument (AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET)) during 6-14 October 2013. The instantaneous highest value of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is observed to be 3.70 on 9 October 2013 followed by 3.12 on 8 October 2013. The primary cause of such high values is large scale crop residue burning and urban-industrial emissions in the study region. AERONET observations show daily mean AOD of 2.36 which is eight times higher than the observed values on normal day. The observed fine mode volume concentration is more than 1.5 times greater than the coarse mode volume concentration on the high aerosol burden day. We also find high values (~0.95) of Single Scattering Albedo (SSA) on 9 October 2013. Scatter-plot between AOD (500 nm) and Angstrom exponent (440-870 nm) reveals that biomass burning/urban-industrial aerosols are the dominant aerosol type on the heavy aerosol loading day over Lahore. MODIS fire activity image suggests that the areas in the southeast of Lahore across the border with India are dominated by biomass burning activities. A Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model backward trajectory showed that the winds at 1000 m above the ground are responsible for transport from southeast region of biomass burning to Lahore. CALIPSO derived sub-types of aerosols with vertical profile taken on 10 October 2013 segregates the wide spread aerosol burden as smoke, polluted continental and dust aerosols.  相似文献   

2.
利用2010年9-11月鞍山大气成分监测站CE-318太阳光度计观测资料,依据气溶胶光学厚度测量原理,计算得到2010年鞍山秋季大气气溶胶光学厚度、波长指数等大气光学特性数据,通过统计分析,给出鞍山秋季气溶胶光学特性分布特征。结果表明：随着测量AOD波段的降低,AOD值逐渐增大,9月的AOD平均值最大,10月AOD平均值次之,11月AOD平均值最小。从频率分布看,2010年9月 AOD日均值集中分布在0.4-0.6之间,10月和11月AOD日均值集中分布在0.0-0.4之间,表明10-11月大气较为清洁|波长指数日均值的频率分布说明鞍山秋季大气污染物以细粒子为主。500 nm 的AOD值与波长指数成对数关系,两者在9、10月和11月的相关系数分别为0.5145、0.8412和0.2715;9月AOD与PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0质量浓度为较小负相关,10月和11月AOD与PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0质量浓度成正相关,且10、11月AOD与气溶胶细粒子相关性较为显著。AOD值与能见度在趋势上呈较小的负相关性,可能是由于高层气溶胶粒子对气溶胶光学厚度产生了主要影响。  相似文献   

3.
The present study deals with the aerosol optical properties which are assessed during the period 2007 to 2009 over Mohal (31.9oN, 77.12oE) in the northwestern Indian Himalaya, using ground-based measurements and multi-satellite data. The daily average value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500?nm, ?ngstr?m exponent and turbidity coefficient are 0.24?±?0.08, 1.02?±?0.34 and 0.13?±?0.05, respectively. The comparative study of satellite and ground-based measurements reveals that the percentage retrieval for daily AOD at 550?nm over Mohal within the expected accuracy (???? p?? ?=?±0.05?±?0.15?? p?? ) is around 87%, with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.76. The present study suggests that the retrieval of AOD through satellite data is able to characterise the distribution of AOD over Mohal. However, further efforts are needed in order to eliminate systematic errors in the existing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) algorithm. The transport of desert dust and anthropogenic aerosol during high aerosol loading days caused a significant reduction in surface-reaching solar radiation by 149 and 117%, respectively. This large reduction in surface-reaching solar radiation increased the atmospheric heating rate by 0.93 and 0.72?K?day?1, respectively. This study indicates significant climatic implications due to the transport of aerosols in the northwestern Indian Himalaya.  相似文献   

4.
本文发展了一个从宽带水平面太阳直接辐射日曝辐量 (总辐射与散射辐射日曝辐量之差) 反演光谱大气气溶胶光学厚度的方法, 包括建立一个 “等效” 的瞬时太阳天顶角模型, 并提出了一个基于气溶胶标高的云影响甄别方法。对该反演方法的数值模拟和误差分析表明: “等效” 瞬时太阳天顶角模型的不稳定性引起的光学厚度反演误差平均为3.66％; 光学厚度日变化对一段较长时间的平均光学厚度的影响不显著; 订正造成的散射辐射误差≤20％时, 光学厚度平均偏差≤4％。通过与AERONET产品的比对验证表明: 本文发展的光学厚度反演方法和云影响甄别方法都是有效的; 晴空反演的0.75 μm光学厚度与AERONET的相关系数超过0.95, 平均误差约0.02; 云甄别方法计算的季节和年平均光学厚度与AERONET具有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

5.
2008年北京奥运会期间大气气溶胶物理特征分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
应用MODIS卫星的气溶胶产品资料和地面的光学粒子计数器的资料,对比分析了北京地区2006、2007、2008年7～9月的气溶胶光学厚度、细粒子光学厚度、Angstrom指数、气溶胶粒子数浓度谱及体积谱,发现2008年北京奥运会期间(7月20日～9月20日)的气溶胶光学厚度比2006、2007年同期明显降低,气溶胶细模态光学厚度占总光学厚度的比上升,Angstrom指数上升,气溶胶细粒子数浓度没有明显相对变化,而粗粒子数浓度则减少约50%.利用大气标高,将MODIS反演的气溶胶柱的质量浓度转化为地面气溶胶质量浓度.用粒子计数器得到的体积谱,在假定气溶胶粒子密度的情况下,计算出其质量浓度.将这两种方法得到的气溶胶质量浓度与国家环境保护部公布的空气质量指数换算得到的可吸入颗粒物(PM10)质量浓度进行比较.结果表明:北京奥运期间空气质量总体达到了国家二级空气质量标准;与2006、2007年同期相比,2008年气溶胶PM10质量浓度明显下降,而这主要是由气溶胶粗粒子的减少引起的.  相似文献   

6.
Surface erythemal UV radiation is mainly affected by total column ozone, aerosols, clouds, and solar zenith angle. The effect of ozone on the surface UV radiation has been explored many times in the previous studies due to the decrease of ozone layer. In this study, we calculated the effect of aerosols on the surface UV radiation as well as that of ozone using data acquired from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). First, ozone, aerosol optical depth (AOD), and surface erythemal UVB radiation measured from satellite are compared with those from ground measurements. The results showed that the comparison for ozone was good with r 2 of 0.92. For aerosol, there was difference between satellite measurements and surface measurements due to the insufficient information on aerosol in the retrieval algorithm. The r 2 for surface erythemal UV radiation was high (～0.94) but satellite measurements showed about 30% larger values than surface measurements on average by not considering the effect of absorbing aerosols in the retrieval process from satellite measurements. Radiative amplification factor (RAF) is used to access the effect of ozone and aerosol quantitatively. RAF for ozone was 0.97～1.49 with solar zenith angle. To evaluate the effect of aerosol on the surface UV radiation, only clear-sky pixel data were used and solar zenith angle and total column amount of ozone were fixed. Also, RAF for aerosol was assessed according to the single scattering albedo (SSA) of aerosols. The results showed that RAF for aerosol with smaller SSA (< 0.90) was larger than that for with larger SSA (> 0.90). The RAF for aerosol was 0.09～0.22 for the given conditions which was relatively small compared to that for ozone. However, considering the fact that aerosol optical depth can change largely in time and space while the total column amount of ozone does not change very much, it needs to include the effect of aerosol to predict the variations of surface UV radiation more correctly.  相似文献   

7.
The direct and semi-direct radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the radiative transfer and cloud fields in the Western United States (WUS) according to seasonal aerosol optical depth (AOD) and regional climate are examined using a regional climate model (RCM) in conjunction with the aerosol fields from a GEOS-Chem chemical-transport model (CTM) simulation. The two radiative effects cannot be separated within the experimental design in this study, thus the combined direct- and semi-direct effects are called radiative effects hereafter. The CTM shows that the AOD associated with the anthropogenic aerosols is chiefly due to sulfates with minor contributions from black carbon (BC) and that the AOD of the anthropogenic aerosol varies according to local emissions and the seasonal low-level winds. The RCM-simulated anthropogenic aerosol radiative effects vary according to the characteristics of regional climate, in addition to the AOD. The effects on the top of the atmosphere (TOA) outgoing shortwave radiation (OSRT) range from ?0.2?Wm?2 to ?1?Wm?2. In Northwestern US (NWUS), the maximum and minimum impact of anthropogenic aerosols on OSRT occurs in summer and winter, respectively, following the seasonal AOD. In Arizona-New Mexico (AZNM), the effect of anthropogenic sulfates on OSRT shows a bimodal distribution with winter/summer minima and spring/fall maxima, while the effect of anthropogenic BC shows a single peak in summer. The anthropogenic aerosols affect surface insolation range from ?0.6?Wm?2 to ?2.4?Wm?2, with similar variations found for the effects on OSRT except that the radiative effects of anthropogenic BC over AZNM show a bimodal distribution with spring/fall maxima and summer/winter minima. The radiative effects of anthropogenic sulfates on TOA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the surface downward longwave radiation (DLRS) are notable only in summer and are characterized by strong geographical contrasts; the summer OLR in NWUS (AZNM) is reduced (enhanced) by 0.52?Wm?2 (1.14?Wm?2). The anthropogenic sulfates enhance (reduce) summer DLRS by 0.2?Wm?2 (0.65?Wm?2) in NWUS (AZNM). The anthropogenic BC affect DLRS noticeably only in AZNM during summer. The anthropogenic aerosols affect the cloud water path (CWP) and the radiative transfer noticeably only in summer when convective clouds are dominant. Primarily shortwave-reflecting anthropogenic sulfates decrease and increase CWP in AZNM and NWUS, respectively, however, the shortwave-absorbing anthropogenic BC reduces CWP in both regions. Due to strong feedback via convective clouds, the radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the summer radiation field are more closely correlated with the changes in CWP than the AOD. The radiative effect of the total anthropogenic aerosols is dominated by the anthropogenic sulfates that contribute more than 80% of the total AOD associated with the anthropogenic aerosols.  相似文献   

8.
高玮  屈文军 《山东气象》2018,38(4):81-92
研究了非洲地区大气气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）的时空变化及沙尘气溶胶越大西洋海区的传输。结果表明：1）源于撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘及其随赤道东风向西输送使得沙尘气溶胶成为非洲沙漠地区和紧邻的大西洋海区的主要气溶胶组分;AOD高值区和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度高值区在1—7月随赤道辐合带北移同步向北移动,而在8—12月则向南回撤。2）刚果盆地大气气溶胶主要为热带雨林和稀树草原排放的有机碳（OC）和黑碳（BC）气溶胶;其中与生物质燃烧源排放有关的OC、BC高值主要集中在干季（6—9月）的后半段（8—9月）;而生物源OC排放全年连续,其排放峰值出现于雨季开始时;生物质燃烧排放高值期与生物源排放高值期前后相继,形成干季（尤其是后半段）时期的OC、BC光学厚度高值。3）亚马逊河入海口地区主要气溶胶组分为海盐气溶胶,9—11月该区风力输送增强,风向由东南风转变为东风,海盐进入亚马逊河入海口处,形成AOD和海盐气溶胶光学厚度高值区。4）撒哈拉沙漠沙尘气溶胶向大西洋传输的偏北月份为7—9月、偏南月份为1—3月;2000—2016年海区沙尘气溶胶的传输路径存在向南移动的变化趋势,与同期亚速尔高压的增强和沙尘传输路径以北北风分量的增强以及赤道辐合带的移动一致。上述研究结果揭示了利用大气气溶胶时空变化特征反映区域大气环流和气候变化的可能性。  相似文献   

9.
Long-term variations and trends of atmospheric aerosols in the East Asian region were analyzed by using aerosol optical depth (AOD or τ), and ångström exponent (AE or α) obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) from 2001 to 2010. The increased emission of anthropogenic fine aerosols in east China resulted in the high AOD in this region during summer. The steady increasing emission of anthropogenic fine aerosols caused an increasing trend of AOD in east China, and the large-scale transport of sandstorms and smoke plume caused by forest fires affected intense inter-annual variations of AOD in the East Asian region. While in the central part of South Korea, located in the lee side of the East Asian continent, AE tended to rise to a level higher than in east China, the ground-based mass concentrations continued to decline. A noticeable decrease of PM10 mass concentration in spring and winter in central Korea is most likely attributable to decreases in sandstorms in the source region of East Asia. However, the ratio of PM2.5 mass concentration to PM10 increases overall with a high level in summer. Aerosol types were classified into dust, smoke plume, and sulphate by using satellite data over Cheongwon in central Korea. The columnar AOD, with different aerosol types, was compared with the ground-based mass concentrations at Cheongwon, and the relatively high level of the correlations presented between PM2.5 and AOD produced in sulphate. Growth and increases of fine hygroscopic aerosols generated as gas-to-particle conversion particularly in summer contribute to increases of columnar AOD in the East Asian region.  相似文献   

10.
北京地区气溶胶光学厚度中长期变化特征   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  
李放  吕达仁 《大气科学》1996,20(4):385-394
利用1977～1985年北京地区太阳直接辐射谱资料，分析获得了气溶胶光学厚度谱特性，使用PIS光谱仪从1993年3月到1995年3月，持续观测了北京地区晴天和少云天气的太阳直射光谱。得到了至今较为长期系统的城市大气气溶胶光学性能及特征。研究表明:（1）气溶胶光学厚度有春夏季大，秋冬季小的统计规律；（2）能见度分级后，同一能见度下气溶胶光学厚度各季节之间的差别大为减小，地面能见度对整层光学厚度表现出了较强的约束作用，文中给出了统计关系；（3）气溶胶光学厚度有逐年增高的趋势，1977年至1994年间增长了约三分之二。  相似文献   

11.
彭杰  张华 《大气科学学报》2015,38(4):465-472
结合Cloud Sat对云的主动观测和MODIS(MODerate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)对气溶胶的被动反演,研究了典型站点气溶胶对云的宏观、微观和辐射特性的影响。结果表明,气溶胶对大陆性和海洋性站点的云均有显著影响。1)随气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol Optical Depth,AOD)增加,水汽含量较弱站点的低层(高层)云量呈减小(增加)趋势,而水汽条件较强站点的各层云量均增大,且具有较高(较低)云顶的云层发生概率在各个站点都呈增加(减小)趋势。2)AOD的增大导致各站点云滴和冰晶粒子的有效半径均减小、大气层顶的短波和长波云辐射强迫均增强、短波云辐射强迫绝对值的加强更显著、长波云辐射强迫增加的幅度相对更大。3)气象要素在AOD大(小)值情况下的变化表明,大尺度动力条件并不能解释云的上述特性随AOD的显著改变。  相似文献   

12.
利用SBDART（Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer）辐射传输模式,结合AERONET（Aerosol Robotic Network）北京站观测的气溶胶光学特性数据,评估北京地区近十年气溶胶以及黑碳气溶胶的辐射强迫,主要研究结果如下:北京近十年气溶胶平均光学厚度（aerosol optical depth, AOD440nm）为0.61±0.56,?ngstr?m波长指数均值为1.09,单次散射反照率（single scattering albedo, SSA440nm）的均值为0.888±0.045;AOD呈现下降趋势,SSA呈上升趋势,表明该区域气溶胶污染有所改善。晴空条件下,大气层顶、地面和大气的气溶胶直接辐射强迫多年均值分别为?24.91±19.80 W m?2、?65.52±43.78 W m?2、40.61±28.62 W m?2,即气溶胶对大气层顶和地表为冷却效应,对大气产生加热作用。气溶胶和黑碳气溶胶的直接辐射强迫绝对值的年际变化表现为微弱的下降趋势,季节变化特征为春夏季高,冬季低,这与AOD的变化规律一致。并且黑碳气溶胶的直接辐射强迫下降趋势与SSA的上升趋势呈现较好的反位相关系。  相似文献   

13.
It is well established that aerosols affect the climate in a variety of ways. In order to understand these effects, we require an insight into the properties of aerosols. In this paper we present a study of aerosol properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) over mega city of Lahore (Pakistan). The data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) have been used for the period December 2009 to October 2011. The seasonal average values of AOD, asymmetry parameter (ASY) and volume size distribution in coarse mode were observed to be highest in summer. On the other hand, the average values of Angstrom exponent (AE) and imaginary part of refractive index (RI) were found to be maximum in winter. The average value of real part of RI was found to be higher in spring than in all other seasons. The SSA exhibited an increasing trend with wavelength in the range 440 nm–1020 nm in spring, summer and fall indicating the dominance of coarse particles (usually dust). However, a decreasing trend was found in winter in the range 675 nm–1020 nm pointing towards the dominance of biomass and urban/industrial aerosols. As far as aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) is concerned, we have found that during the spring season ARF was lowest at the surface of Earth and highest at top of the atmosphere (TOA). This indicates that the atmosphere was warmer in spring than in all the remaining seasons.  相似文献   

14.
刘颖  朱君 《气象科技》2022,50(6):878-884
利用青藏高原拉萨(Lhasa)和珠峰(QOMS_CAS)站点地基CE 318太阳光度计观测数据，研究了2012年4月2日至4月5日一次生物质燃烧输送对青藏高原气溶胶光学和辐射特性的影响；并结合卫星遥感产品以及后向轨迹模式分析了本次生物质燃烧输送的可能来源。结果表明：本次气溶胶污染期间Lhasa和QOMS_CAS站点的主要气溶胶类型变为生物质燃烧气溶胶，气溶胶粒子的消光性增大(气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)增大，Lhasa和QOMS_CAS站点AOD最大值分别为0.4和0.29)，尺度减小(消光波长指数(EAE)>1.5)，吸收性增大(吸收波长指数(AAE)>1.3)，细模态粒子体积浓度增大，而细模态粒子峰值半径减小。气溶胶辐射强迫表明此次输送过程使得Lhasa和QOMS_CAS站点的气溶胶对大气顶和地表的降温作用增强，对大气的增温作用也增强。生物质燃烧输送的可能来源为南亚的印度东北部，尼泊尔与不丹地区。  相似文献   

15.
Reported in this article are the results of the analysis of extensive observations of aerosol optical, micro-physical characteristics, and precipitable water content (PWC) that have been carried out using compact, multi-band solar radiometers, over a semi-arid station, Agra (27°10′N, 78°05′E, 169 m AMSL) during winter 2004. The aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom wavelength exponent (α), and PWC show, higher values on hazy- and foggy-days and lower values on clear-days. The turbidity coefficient (β) shows higher values for smaller values of α and vice versa. The aerosol size spectra exhibit bi-modal distribution with abundance of accumulation-mode particles during fog and haze occasions, and relatively coarse-mode particles on clear-days. The above features have been explained with co-located PWC and surface-level meteorological parameters. The NOAA HYSPLIT five-day back trajectories indicate the influence of trans-boundary pollution transport over the experimental station during the study period.  相似文献   

16.
利用地面细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度和气象常规观测资料、地基 AERONET观测资料、GFED生物质燃烧排放清单和大气化学—天气耦合模式WRF-Chem,模拟研究了华北地区2014年10月气象要素和大气污染物的时空演变,重点关注北京10月7～11日的一次重霾事件及其天气形势、边界层气象特征、输送路径、PM2.5及其化学成分浓度变化等特征,以及秸秆燃烧对华北和北京地区细颗粒物浓度和地面短波辐射的影响。与观测资料的对比结果显示,模式可以很好地模拟北京地区地面气象要素和PM2.5质量浓度,考虑秸秆燃烧排放源可以明显改进北京PM2.5浓度模拟的准确性,但在重度污染情况下,模式总体上低估气溶胶光学厚度和高估地面短波辐射。10月7～11日北京地区重霾事件主要是不利气象条件下人为污染物累积和区域输送造成,也受到华北地区南部秸秆燃烧的影响。河南北部、河北南部和山东西部大面积秸秆燃烧释放的气态污染物和颗粒物在南风的作用下输送至北京,秸秆燃烧对北京地区地面PM2.5、有机碳（OC）、硝酸盐、铵盐、硫酸盐和黑碳（BC）的平均贡献率分别为24.6%、36.8%、23.2%、22.6%、7.1%和19.8%,秸秆燃烧产生的气溶胶可以导致北京地面平均短波辐射最大减小超过20 W m－2,约占总气溶胶导致地表短波辐射变化的24%。  相似文献   

17.
The major finding of this study is that aerosols over the tropical Indian Ocean enhance clear sky atmospheric solar heating significantly and decrease the surface solar heating by even a larger amount. The results presented here are based on aerosol chemical, microphysical, and optical and radiometric data collected at the island of Kaashidhoo (4.97°N, 73.47°E) during February and March of 1998, as part of the first field phase of the Indian Ocean experiment (INDOEX). The aerosol optical properties were integrated with a multiple scattering Monte Carlo radiative transfer model which was validated at the surface with broadband flux measurements and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) with the clouds and earth's radiant energy system (CERES) radiation budget measurements. We consider both externally and internally mixed aerosol models with very little difference between the two models in the estimated forcing. For the February–March period, the aerosols increase the monthly mean clear sky atmospheric solar heating by about 12 W/m2(about 15% of the total atmospheric solar heating) and decrease the sea surface clear sky solar heating by about 16 W/m2 with a daily range from 5 to 23 W/m2. The net aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere is about −4 W/m2 with a daily range from −2 to −6 W/m2. Although the soot contributes only about 10% to the aerosol optical thickness, it contributes more than 50% to the aerosol induced atmospheric solar heating. The fundamental conclusion of this study is that anthropogenic aerosols over the tropical Indian Ocean are altering the clear sky radiation budget of the atmosphere and surface in a major manner.  相似文献   

18.
地表太阳总辐射具有较大的时空变化特征,不同地区的影响因素也存在显著差异。本文利用1961—2016年青藏高原与华北地区的地表太阳总辐射资料,在进行严格的质量控制和均一化处理的基础上,深入分析了两个地区总辐射的年际变化趋势,同时结合云量和气溶胶光学厚度观测资料,探讨了两个地区总辐射变化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)1961—2016年青藏高原和华北地区总辐射总体呈下降趋势,但2008年后青藏高原西部和东部地区总辐射变化趋势相反,而华北地区站点总辐射均呈上升趋势。(2)青藏高原西部地区总辐射的下降主要受到云量变化的影响,而东部地区低云量和气溶胶的下降是总辐射上升的重要原因。(3)在2006—2016年,华北地区总辐射的变化受气溶胶的影响更加显著。  相似文献   

19.
中国不同地区气溶胶消光特性分析   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  
利用多波段太阳光度计在中国四个点（北京的密云，广东的新丰，青海的瓦里关，西藏的当雄）观测了４５０—９００ ｕｍ范围中多波长气溶胶光学厚度和Ａｎｇｓｔｒｏｍ指数。本文分析了这些参数从１９９８年２月到１９９９年１月这一年中的特点。结果表明，在干旱和半干旱地区，如密云（１７．１２°Ｅ，４０．６５°Ｎ）和瓦里关（１００．９０°Ｅ，３６．２９°Ｎ），春季出现气溶胶光学厚度的最大值，大约是其它季节的２倍。在湿润地区，如新丰（１１４．２°Ｅ，２４．５°Ｎ），虽然春季气溶胶光学厚度值也是最大，但只是比其它季节稍微大一些 瓦里关春季的Ａｎｇｓｔｒｏｍ指数有最小值，约０．１５，表明有比较大的粒子、密云和新丰的Ａｎｇｓｔｒｏｍ指数也有很大的月际变化。但没有明显的季节倾向。这表明，气溶胶的源比较复杂。  相似文献   

20.
Aerosol observational data for 2012 obtained from Dunhuang Station of CARE-China(Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network of China) were analyzed to achieve in-depth knowledge of aerosol optical properties over Dunhuang region. The results showed that the annual average aerosol optical depth(AOD) at 500 nm was 0.32 ± 0.06, and the ?ngstr?m exponent(α) was 0.73 ± 0.27. Aerosol optical properties revealed significant seasonal characteristics. Frequent sandstorms in MAM(March–April–May) resulted in the seasonal maximum AOD, 0.41 ± 0.04, and a relatively smaller αvalue, 0.44 ± 0.04. The tourism seasons, JJA(June–July–August) and SON(September–October–November) coincide with serious emissions of small anthropogenic aerosols. While in DJF(December–January–February), the composition of the atmosphere was a mixture of dust particles and polluted aerosols released by domestic heating; the average AOD and αwere 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.66 ± 0.17, respectively. Different air masses exhibited different degrees of influence on the aerosol concentration over Dunhuang in different seasons. During MAM, ranges of AOD(0.11–1.18) and α(0.06–0.82) were the largest under the dust influence of northwest-short-distance air mass in the four trajectories. Urban aerosols transported by northwest-short-distance air mass accounted for a very large proportion in JJA and the mixed aerosols observed in SON were mainly conveyed by air masses from the west. In DJF, the similar ranges of AOD and α under the three air mass demonstrated the analogous diffusion effects on regional pollutants over Dunhuang.  相似文献   

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