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北京平原区地下水污染调查、监测与预防控制工作思路探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
地下水污染调查．监测和预防控制,是地质环境监测和地下水管理的重要内容。本文针对北京市平原区地下水资源环境状况,提出了地下水污染调查、监测与预防控制的工作思路。 相似文献
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由于工业与化工企业违规排放废（污）水,造成了场地区域土壤与水资源的污染,在后期污染场地环境调查评价中,地下水污染深度界定尤为重要,地下水污染深度是地下水健康风险评估的主要依据。在河北省沧县某化工厂污染场地环境调查中,采用锥形止水器进行2层坐封式有效分层止水,准确界定地下水的污染深度。结合该工程实例,阐明分层止水器的分层止水技术进行第四系地下水污染深度调查、界定的技术方法。实践证明,该技术具有施工简单、使用灵活等优点,止水效果良好,技术有效、可行。 相似文献
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以冀中平原某石油类污染场地为例,从污染源分布勘察、场地水文地质模型建立、土壤及地下水的现场调查入手,采用物探、坑探、钻探综合调查技术和定深取样等一些取样方法,对不同深度土壤及地下水的有机污染进行调查和样品分析。结果表明:整个场地的土壤和地下水受到不同程度的污染,30m深度内包气带和饱水带已被污染,50m深度的地下水中有有机污染物检出,石油类场地的污染特征主要表现为土壤及其地下水中含有高浓度单环芳烃和卤代烃。且单环芳烃在土壤与地下水中的浓度高于其它有机污染物。 相似文献
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地质雷达在地下水有机污染调查方面的应用研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地质雷达作为一种物探方法,应用于环境地质调查已有若干年历史.但应用于地下水及土壤的有机污染调查,目前在国内还未见诸报道.叙述了地质雷达的工作原理,阐明了地质雷达在地下水有机污染调查工作中的应用条件、应用效果,并列举部分国外应用实例. 相似文献
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Geoenvironmental site investigation using different techniques in a municipal solid waste disposal site in Brazil 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Giulliana Mondelli Heraldo Luiz Giacheti Maria Eugênia Gimenez Boscov Vagner Roberto Elis Jorge Hamada 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(5):871-887
Different geoenvironmental site investigation techniques to assess contamination from a municipal solid waste disposal site
in Brazil are presented here. Superficial geophysical investigation (geoelectrical survey), resistivity piezocone penetration
tests (RCPTU), soil samples collected with direct-push samplers and water samples collected from monitoring wells were applied
in this study. The application of the geoelectrical method was indispensable to identify the presence and flow direction of
contamination plumes (leachate) as well as to indicate the most suitable locations for RCPTU tests and soil and water sampling.
Chemical analyses of groundwater samples contributed to a better understanding of the flow of the contaminated plume. The
piezocone presented some limitations for tropical soils, since the groundwater level is sometimes deeper than the layer which
is impenetrable to the cone, and the soil genesis and unsaturated conditions affect soil behavior. The combined interpretation
of geoelectrical measurements and soil and water samplings underpinned the interpretation of RCPTU tests. The interpretation
of all the test results indicates that the contamination plume has already overreached the landfill’s west-northwest borders.
Geoenvironmental laboratory test results suggest that contamination from the solid waste disposal site has been developing
gradually, indicating the need for continuous monitoring of the groundwater. 相似文献
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地下水污染调查中水样无机组分检测质量控制体系 的建立和应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验室分析全过程的质量控制,其目的是将检测误差控制在容许限度内,以保证数据在给定的置信水平内达到质量要求。国土资源部天津矿产资源监督检测中心根据地质矿产行业标准DZ/T0130—2006《地质矿产实验室测试质量管理规范》、DD2008—01中国地质调查局标准《地下水污染调查评价规范》,并参照其他行业对水质分析质量控制要求,结合水质检测的具体情况,制定了适宜的地下水分析过程的质量控制体系,使实验室质量控制和质量管理具有良好的操作性和可行性,确保检测数据的可靠性。文章从5个方面提出地下水水质无机组分检测中质量控制方法,使水质无机组分的检测质量得到有效控制。 相似文献
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Anthropogenic activities create various contaminated leachate, which can migrate downward from the vadose zone to groundwater,
transferring contaminants, including some hazardous ones.
When these various sources of contamination influence the groundwater aquifer simultaneously, the effects of contamination
are enhanced.
The major concern of this study has been to determine whether the shape of a groundwater chlorograph might be the result of
such deterministic effects as accumulation of one or more particular processes of groundwater contamination, and how this
might relate to specific hydrological situations.
This study proposes a classification of groundwater contamination on the basis of properties of the main components of groundwater
quality graphs and the corresponding hydrogeological/environmental situation.
The study further suggests that contamination of groundwater in any hydrogeological situation (e.g. sea water) may be graphically
expressed.
A variety of chlorographs and nitrographs, representative of various groundwater aquifers sampled from a number of wells throughout
Israel attest to this.
The study thus indicates that groundwater quality graphs may be considered as a complementary tool for groundwater quality
control and better understanding aquifer situations. 相似文献
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在地下水有机污染调查中,如何准确地选择测试项目,对于正确认识和评价地下水的污染状况是十分必要的.本文通过参照不同标准或规范中所选择的有机指标,依据它们的迁移性和致病风险,从258种有机物中遴选出了29种"地下水污染调查评价规范"(2006)中尚未包括的有机物(主要是除草剂和杀虫剂).建议在进行地下水有机污染调查时,依据当地的污染源情况,增加相应的监测指标,特别是要加强对致病风险高和迁移性较高有机物的重视. 相似文献
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地下水常见无机污染物研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,随着人类社会工业化的不断发展,地下水污染问题也日益严重。全球对地下水污染的研究飞速发展,欧美等发达国家对地下水污染的研究开展较早,已形成了较完善的研究和水污染治理机制,而我国对地下水的研究和治理起步较晚。文章综合论述了地下水中几种常见无机污染物的研究和治理现状,总结了它们的检测技术、污染物来源以及危害和目前主要治理技术,以引起对地下水污染研究和治理的高度重视,为正确认识和辨别地下水污染的毒害,达到科学准确检测、合理高效治理的目的。 相似文献
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岩溶地区地下水污染风险评价方法探究——以地苏地下河系流域为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩溶地下水污染风险评价对岩溶地下水的保护、管理和合理利用具有重要意义。文章总结了近年来国内外地下水污染风险评价方面的研究进展,针对目前评价体系存在的不足,构建了适合岩溶区地下水污染风险评价体系。该方法基于欧洲模式,实现地下水防污性能评价;污染负荷评价则考虑污染物在覆盖层中的衰减过程,利用折减系数实现污染负荷量化;最后,基于GIS空间叠加分析耦合防污性能与污染负荷评价,实现区域地下水污染风险评价。文章以地苏地下河系流域为例,开展岩溶区域地下水污染风险评价,结果表明:区域整体地下水污染风险偏低,地下水中等及以上污染风险区域面积424.41 km2,占研究区总面积的39.03%,主要分布在研究区中东部地苏乡、东庙乡、六也乡局部等人类活动频繁与地苏地下河干流中下游段。地下水污染风险空间分布特征不仅显示了岩性、坡度、岩溶网络发育等自然条件对评价结果的影响,同时也反映了人类活动的影响。地势平缓,岩溶发育程度强烈,加之人类活动频繁是导致区域地下水污染风险较高的原因所在。 相似文献
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T. G. Fritch C. L. McKnight J. C. Yelderman Jr. S. I. Dworkin J. G. Arnold 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(9):1063-1069
The Paluxy aquifer in north-central Texas is composed primarily of Lower Cretaceous clastics. This aquifer provides water
for both domestic and agricultural purposes in the region. The study area for this investigation incorporates the outcrop
and recharge areas, as well as the confined and unconfined portions of the aquifer. The purpose of this investigation is to
develop a predictive modeling approach for evaluating the susceptibility of groundwater in the Paluxy aquifer to contamination,
and then compare this susceptibility evaluation to water-chemistry data collected from wells completed within the aquifer.
Using such an approach allows one to investigate the potential for groundwater contamination on a regional, rather than site-specific
scale. Based on data from variables such as land use/land cover, soil permeability, depth to water, aquifer hydraulic conductivity
and topography, subjective numerical weightings have been assigned according to each variables' relative importance in groundwater
pollution susceptibility. The weights for each variable comprise a Geographic Information System (GIS) map layer. These map
layers are combined to formulate the final pollution susceptibility map. Using this method of investigation, the pollution
susceptibility map classifies 32% of the study area as having low pollution susceptibility, 41% as having moderate pollution
susceptibility, 25% as having high pollution susceptibility, and 2% as having very high pollution susceptibility. When comparing
these modeling results with water-chemistry data from wells within the Paluxy aquifer, the four wells with the highest concentration
of nitrate contamination are all found within regions of very high pollution potential. This confirms the accuracy and usefulness
of the predictive modeling approach for assessing aquifer pollution susceptibility.
Received: 1 June 1999 · Accepted: 30 August 1999 相似文献