共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Cristina I.Pereira Celene B.Milanes Rafael Sarda Benjamin Cuker Camilo M.Botero 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):36-45
Defining impact significance is the main technical task that influences decision-making during the Environmental Licensing Procedure(ELP).The ELP begins with screening to determine potentially signif-icant impacts of the proposed project.Scoping then follows to address any interventions deemed worthy of attention in the production of an Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA).This will include consider-ation of relevant landforms and geomorphological processes.However,preliminary assessments of envi-ronmental impacts often lack the scientific robustness to procure substantive and transactive effectiveness.This review presents an examination of the established practices of screening and scoping while highlighting the foremost challenges to improve the technical grounds of the ELP.The analysis of screening and scoping practices stresses the need for novel methods that ensure the sequential reasoning between their criteria while improving the preliminary evaluation of impact significance.Reducing the inherent subjectivity of discretionary judgment requires scientific methodologies that acknowledge the interaction between the natural system and human interventions,which has been addressed by geomor-phological research.The knowledge consolidated in this review opens the gate to explore the compatibil-ity between the United Nations strategy of Ecosystem Approach(EA)with the ELP through a novel geomorphological interpretation of the EIA.Therefore,this diagnosis demonstrate that screening and scoping practices would benefit from reliable methods that balance the precautionary principle with the efficient character required in the ELP. 相似文献
2.
Geomorphological features are essential parts of the environment and they represent an important conditioning factor for the
development and distribution of certain biological assemblages, as well as for a variety of human activities. However, environmental
geomorphology usually receives very limited or no attention at all in the process of environmental impact assessment (EIA).
Nevertheless, the site selection process for hazardous wastes in environmental impact studies for individual projects plays
an essential role. In order to determine the most suitable site in a region for municipal/hazardous wastes, several criteria
are used, including geology, groundwater condition, climate, and land use. The present work describes a methodology taking
advantage of environmental geomorphological features, and reducing these criteria in the site selection procedure in land
disposal of waste; in addition, a case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. The
validity of the adopted site screening method is explained. This methodology comprises the use of a single geomorphological
map to locate suitable landfilling sites for hazardous waste, instead of using separate maps for geological features, climatic
features (temperature, precipitation, and speed and direction of the prevailing wind), slope and erosion. Furthermore, the
present study is compared with a previous study performed in the GAP region, where the use of land resources is crucial for
agricultural and water management purposes. The application of the described selection process and the verified method in
this region shows that the adopted method and detailed criteria are valid. 相似文献
3.
公众参与是环境影响评价的重要内容,城市轨道交通规划环评不同于一般的建设项目,其线路一般选择在城市中心繁华地区、城市交通主干道,环境影响的范围较广,城市轨道交通规划环境影响评价公众参与的广度和深度均应比建设项目环境影响评价公众参与的要求高,本文对轨道交通规划环境影响评价公众参与的必要性进行了阐述,其中包括公众参与是轨道交通规划环境影响评价过程的重要组成部分和现阶段社会主义民主的充分体现;是提高公众环境意识、化解社会矛盾和提高轨道交通规划环境影响评价有效性的重要途径。 相似文献
4.
Jason Phillips 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(6):1587-1603
The theory and practice of sustainability involves the understanding and management of the coupled relationship between the environment and humans. This relationship is very evident in respect to mining where the impacts of operations, both positive and negative, are environmental and socioeconomic in nature. In recent years, evaluating the sustainability of a mining operation has grown within the literature due to the impacts that mining has upon a local community. However, the literature has been often characterised by a variety of case study-specific approaches to define and evaluate the sustainability of mining operations. This is due to the fundamental problem of defining what is sustainability. The paper applies, based on our previous research, a mathematical model of sustainability to the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of a proposed bauxite mining project in the Andhra Pradesh province, India. The model??s application to the impact assessment, which used the rapid impact assessment matrix, was undertaken for the purpose of determining the level and nature of sustainability (if appropriate) of the proposed project. The results indicated that the project was considered as unsustainable in its current form, based on an obtained E value of 0.249 and an H NI value of 0.500. The results suggested that the project would greatly benefit from an environmental management plan in order to mitigate the extensive negative environmental and social impacts of the project. The results also indicated the potential of the model in assisting in the resolution of questions of the sustainability of local projects, which are assessed through quantitative-based EIA. 相似文献
5.
从系统点论环境地质学的研究方法 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
环境地球化学是地球化学与环境科学结合衍生的一门新兴的边缘学科。文章概括论述了学科的性质，提出环境地球化学发展的主要领域：全球环境变化的环境地球化学研究、地球化学环境与人体健康、地球化学环境与农业、环境污染的地球化学，并对各个领域研究的现状作了概述与分析，进一步提出了研究的具体方向。 相似文献
6.
基于GIS技术环境影响评价的研究进展及展望 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
环境影响评价是确保经济社会发展与环境保护相协调的重要环节，传统环境影响评价(EIA)有很人的局限性，地理信息系统(GIS)以其强大的图形与数据处理功能在EIA上的应用，显示了其巨大的优势，介绍了在其基础上提出的数据库、模型库、方法库与GIS相结合的环境影响评价信息系统结构框图，在国内外学对GIS在环境影响评价研究现状分析的基础上，又对GIS在EIA中的研究前景做了展望。 相似文献
7.
文章阐述了铀矿地质勘探设施及其环境影响特点、主要工程子项退役治理方案。深入分析了铀矿地质勘探设施退役治理工程的实施过程中环境影响关注重点,包括废石堆稳定性、坑口废水等。结合实施的项目提出针对性措施建议,为进一步提高此类项目治理的环境效果、减轻环境影响提供技术支撑。 相似文献
8.
The weight of interaction of mining activities: groundwater in environmental impact assessment using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Mining operations threaten the environment if the monitoring and controlling steps are not implemented completely. One of the important methods for control of the environmental situation in the mining district is the environmental impact assessment (EIA) method, which is performed by matrix calculations. In this method, the environmental problem is broken into several parts as the Impacting Factors that is evaluated their influences on Environmental Components by the mathematical calculations. For these calculations, the weight of each Impacting Factor must be evaluated by using comprehensive scenarios that are involved all the predicable environmental issues. Based on literature, it has not been organized a comprehensive scenario about “Interference with groundwater” as an Impacting Factor yet. By consideration of the importance degree of groundwater and its role in supply the drinking water resource, it is felt to demand for an organization a developed scenario in relation with groundwater pollution in mining district. Therefore, the main aim of this study is developing a new scenario to weight the “Interference with groundwater” in EIA matrix. For this purpose, the 8 criteria and 63 subcriteria are defined and their weights are determined using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process. The proposed scenario can be successfully evaluated the weight of “Interference with groundwater” Impacting Factor more exactly than the former one, because it considers 8 criteria and 63 subcriteria instead of 2 criteria in the former scenario. Finally, the application of proposed scenario is illustrated by an imaginary ideal case study. Such studies can be used by mining engineers and planners to design an appropriate environmental plan for the mining districts. 相似文献
9.
10.
闽江福州河段环境工程地质问题的评价研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江河环境工程地质问题是环境工程地质学研究的重要课题。江河沿岸环境地质条件是影响和决定沿江城市环境质量的重要背景 ;是控制和影响沿江河岸城市的环境容量和质量的重要因素。本文以闽江下游福州河段为例 ,概要评述了闽江福州河段的水动力条件和流水地质作用类型、强度等状况 ;分析研究了该河段的流水地质作用和地貌环境变化动态及其与沿江河岸人类各种工程建设活动的互相作用的特征和规律。对促进和提高沿江河岸人地系统和谐协调平衡发展水平 ,正确规划、预测和评价沿江河岸各类工程建设发展的经济和社会效益及其前景 ,都具有重要意义. 相似文献
11.
During the 1990 Luzon earthquake (Ms 7.8), the central part of Luzon Island, Philippines suffered much from liquefaction-related processes. Examination of inventories
shows that the affected areas lie on certain geological environments that are characteristically vulnerable to liquefaction.
Based on this local experience and the findings of earlier workers correlating geological setting with liquefaction susceptibility,
a first-level map of liquefaction hazard for Laoag City, Northern Philippines, was produced. Distinct micro-geomorphological
units were identified within the mainly fluvio-deltaic setting of the study area. The liquefaction susceptibility of each
unit was then ranked as high, moderate, low or non-liquefiable, taking also the geomorphological evolution of the area into
account. The geomorphological model of the fluvio-deltaic basin was tested against the results of the georesistivity survey
carried out in this study. Moreover, compatibility of the liquefaction susceptibility map with historical liquefaction records
supported the validity of the proposed ranking. The study showed that microzonation based on geomorphological criteria is
indeed very useful in less-developed countries like the Philippines, where funds for a more rigorous determination of liquefaction
potential are limited and not always available. 相似文献
12.
地下水区域环境评价的几个问题 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在进行区域环境评价时,对地下水环境的评价应当占有相当的地位。文章作者主要探讨了： (1)对一个区域进行战略环境评价时,应当考虑当地的水资源和水环境条件,不能因为新上 建设项目造成当地居民生活质量的下降。(2)正确处理少占耕地和保护水源的矛盾,既要保 护耕地,也要保护水源。(3)当河水与地下水有水力联系时,即使污水是达标排放的,也可 能引起地下水的污染,使之不符合供水标准。对于此种情况应当慎重对待。(4)探讨了地下 水污染源调查的要点。正确地认识和解决上述问题,有助于提高区域环境评价的质量。 相似文献
13.
地下水和土壤环境中雌激素运移和归宿的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
环境内分泌干扰物已成为引起全球关注的环境问题;地下水和包气带土壤中雌激素的富集、运移和归宿关系到人类和生态健康。本文通过对环境雌激素的性质、分类、检测方法等方面进行综述,揭示其对生物体乃至环境的多种危害和风险,针对地下水和土壤环境特征分析其迁移转化过程、理解其控制和治理技术方法,进而为降低雌激素的生态和环境风险提供指导。通过论述研究环境雌激素的重要意义,提出对雌激素对地下水系统污染防控可能研究领域进行系统展望。 相似文献
14.
The natural environment plays an important role in adventure tourism. Specific environments are often necessary for certain types of adventure tourism and unique settings are seen to enhance the value of adventure tourism experiences. Given the importance of the environment in adventure tourism, the interplay between humans and the environment in this context should be given further attention. Although much research has examined the physical environmental impacts caused by specific activities considered adventure tourism, the impact of the environment on the behavior of adventure tourists has only briefly been touched upon. Environmental attitudes are said to be an indicator of environmentally conscious behavior. In the tourism context, however, conflicting results have been found as to whether or not environmental attitudes drive consumer behavior. Therefore, the manner in which environmental attitudes, using the New Environmental Paradigm scale, influence the motivations of participants in adventure tourism is investigated using the case of commercial adventure tourism in South Africa. The results show that the environmental attitudes of this group of tourists were relatively low and that the links between environmental attitudes and adventure tourism motivations are relatively weak. Therefore, the impact of general environmental attitudes on adventure tourist behavior is questionable. 相似文献
15.
Dr. G. Stäblein 《GeoJournal》1979,3(4):379-385
Relief is understood as a fundamental component of the environmental system. The structure of geomorphodynamic processes and of the relief sphere as the main energy transformation surface is a determining factor for environmental conditions of both sites and areas. Modelling is the instrument of the applied and systems analytic approach to geomorphology. Geomorphological tools are appropriate means of determining, structuring, assessing and predicting the geoecological potential of the environment. This is demonstrated by quantitative and multivariate models to describe spatial patterns of the environment (fluvial network analysis) and to evaluate and present environmentally relevant geomorphological disposition (slope stability analysis). 相似文献
16.
The proposed flood mitigation measures in the Slovak Republic are subject of environmental impact assessment (EIA) process before its approval. The paper elaborates and demonstrates the application of the risk analysis method for evaluating alternatives, which is core in EIA. Risk analysis is an appropriate tool to determine the level of the risk of the proposed flood mitigation measures and through which it is possible to choose the alternative with the lowest level of risk for the environment. The article presents the application of the developed methodology based on universal matrix of risk analysis in ?iba village that is in existing flood risk. It analyses and discusses the results of the impact assessment from EIA practice in the Slovakia. The aim of the work is to improve existing qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the impacts of proposed activities on the environment. Developed methodology stimulates creative approaches in searching of the best alternative to proposed activities (constructions) that are environmentally friendly. Innovation in this paper is presented by an implementation of universal matrix of risk analysis for flood mitigation measures (developed by the authors) for the purposes of EIA process. 相似文献
17.
通过一个环评实例阐述大型X射线医疗设备销售项目环境影响评价的基本分析要点,给出了正常工况下和事故工况下环境影响分析过程和剂量估算方法。大型X射线医疗设备销售的环境影响评价要点是：根据项目实际情况,确定污染因子和管理限值,采用类比、现场实测加计算的评价、预测方法,区分正常工况与事故工况,对污染进行分析、监测、计算和预测。 相似文献
18.
Soil is a dynamic natural body and fundamental resource. Human activities influence intensively the natural processes in soils.
They modify and accelerate the development of soils. In this investigation, the deposition of colluvial sediments (colluviation)
and soil formation are proposed as geoindicators for a better understanding of long-term environmental changes and environmental
impact assessment. Deposition of colluvial sediments during several time periods and subsequent soil formation under different
land-use systems reflect important aspects on the long-term human interference in the environment. In this study, we hypothesize
that intensive human activities and environmental changes during middle and late Holocene are responsible for a strong modification
of soils in an investigation area in Schleswig–Holstein (Germany). Soil age information together with geomorphological data,
physical, chemical and biological soil properties provide the database which is necessary to study the types and rates of
colluviation and soil formation. After the investigation with a high resolution in time and space, results show that middle
and late Holocene land-use changes and land management are responsible for soil formation in colluvial layers. Properties
of soils and sediments vary intensively from Mesolithic until Modern times. Intensive soil formation took place during periods
of geomorphodynamic stability in dense woodland. Evidence in our investigations shows that colluviation has a strong relation
with decision-making and environmental degradation in the past. This confirms, too, that a geoindicator concept is needed
to understand and to monitor long-term environmental changes and degradation. 相似文献
19.
C. Briffett 《GeoJournal》1999,49(3):333-338
Despite the early introduction of mandatory environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the planning systems of many countries in the Southeast Asia region successes in protecting the natural environment have been limited. Is this the failure of the EIA itself due to the use of an inappropriate western based model or is it more related to a lack of political will and implementation weakness? The facts indicate that the EIA is often used as a means to an end rather than as a beneficial planning tool in itself. The fiction relates to the impressive array of legislation and sophisticated processes on paper that are often ineffective in practice. This paper attempts to highlight the problem areas and suggests other techniques and strategies that may be introduced to solve them. 相似文献
20.
过去全球变化（ＰＡＧＥＳ）是ＩＧＢＰ的核心计划之一。在同国际ＰＡＧＥＳ计划研究内容对等的前提下，我国的过去全球变化研究既应发挥国内原有工作的传统优势，又应照顾到东亚古环境演变的独特性和填补全球资料空间缺口的需要。根据这一原则，本文对我国相应于ＰＡＧＥＳ计划的具体研究内容提出了若干建议。 相似文献