共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Near-infrared (NIR) and short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imagery can be used to detect certain alteration minerals. At epithermal deposits, the formation of alteration minerals is, in theory, related to the mineralisation of gold and silver. In order to provide foundations for developing sensor-based sorting applications at a mine that exploits such a deposit, it was investigated if NIR-SWIR hyperspectral imagery can be used to distinguish between ore and waste particles by characterising the alteration mineralogy. Maps were produced from the NIR-SWIR hyperspectral images of 827 drill core samples that show mineral occurrences, mineral absorption feature intensities and characteristics of the iron oxide mineralogy. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to the information contained in these maps to investigate if this information can be used to discriminate between ore and waste. The results showed that NIR-SWIR hyperspectral imagery could be used to segment a population of waste samples by detecting occurrences of pyrophyllite, dickite and/or illite. This result can be explained by the fact that these minerals are commonly deposited further away from the ore-bearing epithermal veins, while the absence of SWIR-active minerals or detected occurrences of alunite are more closely associated with these structures. The ability to identify waste with NIR-SWIR spectral sensors means there is potential that sensor-based sorting can be used to remove this waste from mineral processing operations. Additional research is still required to assess the economic feasibility of such a sensor-based sorting application.
相似文献2.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(4):101562
The remote mapping of minerals and discrimination of ore and waste on surfaces are important tasks for geological applications such as those in mining. Such tasks have become possible using ground-based, close-range hyperspectral sensors which can remotely measure the reflectance properties of the environment with high spatial and spectral resolution. However, autonomous mapping of mineral spectra measured on an open-cut mine face remains a challenging problem due to the subtleness of differences in spectral absorption features between mineral and rock classes as well as variability in the illumination of the scene. An additional layer of difficulty arises when there is no annotated data available to train a supervised learning algorithm. A pipeline for unsupervised mapping of spectra on a mine face is proposed which draws from several recent advances in the hyperspectral machine learning literature. The proposed pipeline brings together unsupervised and self-supervised algorithms in a unified system to map minerals on a mine face without the need for human-annotated training data. The pipeline is evaluated with a hyperspectral image dataset of an open-cut mine face comprising mineral ore martite and non-mineralised shale. The combined system is shown to produce a superior map to its constituent algorithms, and the consistency of its mapping capability is demonstrated using data acquired at two different times of day. 相似文献
3.
Lineament extraction from multi-resolution satellite imagery: a pilot study on Wadi Bani Malik, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mohammed H. T. Qari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(7-8):1363-1371
The study of structural lineaments is important for mineral exploration, geotectonic and geotechnical studies, and for the mitigation of geologic hazards. The present work deals with the extraction of lineaments from satellite imageries of different spatial resolutions as well as the analysis of these extracted lineaments. Wadi Bani Malik area located to the east of Jeddah city on the Red Sea coastal plain is chosen for such a study. Six types of digital satellite imagery data were used in the present study. These comprise satellite imagery of low spatial resolution (LSR) including Landsat MSS of 80-m resolution, Landsat TM of 30-m resolution, and Landsat TM of 25-m resolution; satellite imagery of moderate spatial resolution (MSR) including Landsat ETM+ panchromatic of 15-m resolution and SPOT panchromatic of 10-m resolution; and satellite imagery of high spatial resolution (HSR) including the Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS data of 5-m resolution. As expected, the analysis of the extracted lineaments from different data sets shows that the imagery data of HSR of the Indian IRS data give the highest frequency of the extracted structural lineaments (N?=?3,235), while the imagery data of LSR of the Landsat MSS data give the lowest frequency of the extracted lineaments (N?=?89). The imagery data of MSR give moderate frequency (N?=?1,643) in average. Due to the present study, it is recommended to use the imagery data of HSR and MSR for the extraction of structural lineaments for detailed and regional studies, respectively. The imagery data of LSR are not recommended for such studies due to the fact that most of the real structural lineaments framework cannot be extracted; accordingly, it is not useful in the analyses of lineaments for geological purposes. 相似文献
4.
Mohammed Benaafi Mustafa Hariri Osman Abdullatif Mohammed Makkawi Abdulaziz Al-Shaibani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(5):106
The Wajid Group is a Cambro-Permian sedimentary succession in southwest Saudi Arabia. This group is a well-known groundwater aquifer in the Wadi Al-Dawasir and Najran areas. The group also represents siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Rub' Al-Khali Basin. The Wajid Group is exposed in an area extending from Wadi Al-Dawasir southward to Najran city. This study aims to map and characterize the lineament traces of the Wajid Group outcrops. Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS satellite images with 30-m resolution, Spot-5 satellite images with 2.5-m resolution and SRTM digital elevation models (DEM) with 30-m resolution were used for lineament trace detection. Those lineament traces supplemented by aeromagnetic lineaments detected from reduced to pole magnetic anomaly map of the studied outcrop. Multi-scale lineament trace maps were generated, and the lineament datasets, including orientation and length, were analyzed statistically. Eight lineament trace trends were identified including NW-SE, NNW-SSE, N-S, NNE-SSW, NE-SW, ENE-WSW, E-W, and WNW-ESE. The northerly, northwesterly, and northeasterly trending lineament traces are predominant. The lineament trace lengths are generally followed the power law distribution. The lineament trace trends were validated through field investigation of the Wajid Group outcrop. The reported outcrop fracture trends are consistent with major lineament trace trends. Lineaments within the Wajid Group outcrop are also consistent with those of the southern portion of the Arabian Shield. The results of this study provide insight into the tectonic origin of the Wajid Group outcrop lineaments, and understanding of the lineaments distribution which can help to predict the fluid flow behavior within the groundwater fractured aquifers or hydrocarbon fractured reservoirs in Rub’ Al-Khali Basin. 相似文献
5.
以吉林省辽源市煤炭矿山为研究对象,通过对SPOT5卫星影像纠正、融合、解译等处理,快速、便捷地查清矿区的地质环境问题:矿区固体废物堆放、尾矿库分布情况;矿山采空区地面塌陷、山体开裂、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、岩溶塌陷、煤田自燃等地质灾害分布情况;由矿产开发引发的水土流失、土地沙化、侵占土地、植被破坏的情况;矿区水体、植被、土壤污染状况等。通过矿山地质环境调查实践,总结出了SPOT5卫星影像最优波段组合、融合方法及矿山地质环境调查中的地物判读标志,从而使SPOT5卫星影像在遥感环境地质调查中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
6.
The abandoned pyrite mine of São Domingos, in the southeast Portugal is still an acid mine drainage generator and a source for trace elements pollution. This study aims to evaluate and map the soils and sediments chemical pollution. With this purpose three test sites located in the vicinities of the mine were sampled for soils, sediments and mining waste materials. The samples were analysed for pH, organic carbon, iron oxides and total content of As, Cu, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, U, Zn, Mn, S, Fe Al, Ca, K, Mg and P. The hyperspectral image of the test sites was acquired using the aero transported sensor HymapTM. Chemical analysis and hyperspectral images data were processed to estimate the contamination maps by multivariate data analysis, ordinary kriging, cokriging and indicator kriging methodologies.The test sites located downstream the mine open pit, are highly contaminated mainly in As, Hg, Pb and Sb, but no contamination was found in the third test site, upstream the mining site. The acid mining drainage seems to be the main spreading agent of chemical contaminants mostly originating from the mine waste materials. Factorial analysis and the geostatistical methodologies allowed several approaches for the contamination cartography of mining areas. 相似文献
7.
The Chinese Loess Plateau is suffering from severe soil erosion. The eco-environmental changes of the plateau are believed
to have an important influence on global eco-environmental sustainability; hence, this problem has attracted considerable
attention from scientists around the world. This study has two purposes; application of remote sensing (RS) and geographic
information system (GIS) techniques in the dynamic analysis of eco-environmental changes in the semiarid zone; and using the
Longdong region of the Chinese Loess Plateau as an example, to make dynamic analysis of the eco-environmental changes of the
region during the 1986–2004 period and identify controlling factors. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data at a spatial resolution
of 30 m were used for analysis. Two training areas were selected in Jingning and Qingcheng counties for analysis using 10-m
resolution SPOT and Landsat TM data. The satellite RS images were obtained from the Institute of Remote Sensing Application
(IRSA), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Each images was rectified by Albers Equal Area Conic projection based on 1:50,000
scale topographic maps after spectrum preparation of the images. To make the precision within 1 or 2 pixels, the accurate
coordinative control points of the two systems were identified. Then the interpretation key was established based on the land
use/cover survey in the study area. The images were classified into six primary environmental types (farmland, forest, grassland,
water, construction area, and desert) and 25 sub-types using a visual image interactive interpretation method to obtain vector
and attribute data. The resultant accuracy of the land use/cover classification reached 95%. Finally, the transformation areas
and ratios of various eco-environmental types in the region were calculated to obtain the transition matrixes of eco-environmental
types in the two training areas, Jingning and Qingcheng. This study demonstrates that satellite RS and GIS techniques are
effective tools to monitor and analyze the eco-environmental changes in the semiarid region. Visual image interactive interpretation
based on GIS technique provides comprehensive information on the direction, rate, and location of eco-environmental changes.
The transition matrix model can be used to precisely analyze the variation and rates of the eco-environmental types and their
spatial distribution. Great land use changes have taken place Longdong during the 1986–2004 period. These eco-environmental
changes were driven by natural and human factors. Natural factors influencing the Longdong region of the Chinese Loess Plateau
mainly include temperature, water condition, terrain, soil, and erosion; while human activities include over-cultivation,
overgrazing, and fuelwood cutting. As viewed from the extent and severity of the influences, human activities play a very
important role in altering the eco-environment of the semiarid region. The study results indicate a need for future research
and observation in the semiarid region. 相似文献
8.
我国新型自主的极轨气象卫星风云3号A星（简称FY-3A）上搭载的中分辨率光谱成像仪（MERSI）为大面积雪监测提供了新的遥感数据源。以中国西北祁连山区为例,分析FY-3A/MERSI传感器积雪与其它地物的图谱特征差异,建立了适用于FY-3A/MERSI的归一化差分积雪指数（NDSI）,以此为基础,构建了综合利用多光谱判别指标及土地覆盖类型（LULC）定类辅助的积雪判识模型,生成250 m分辨率的日积雪制图产品。模型通过逐步逼近的树状判别结构,去除了易和积雪混淆的部分乔木林、云、云阴影、水体、湖冰、沙（盐）地等地物,并提出应考虑积雪下覆地表特性的影响,调整设定不同LULC类型的积雪判别阈值约束,实时结合区域LULC影像进行积雪的最终判定与优化。对祁连山区2010-2011年积雪季FY-3A/MERSI影像的积雪制图应用结果表明,该资料能够客观精细地反映积雪的空间分布与动态发展过程。同时利用气象台站积雪观测记录及Terra/MODIS积雪判识结果进行对比验证,结果表明基于FY-3A/MERSI建立的积雪判识模型具有较高的精度和稳定性,特别是提高了云雪区分的效能。 相似文献
9.
矿山遥感编图中的高分辨率遥感数据选择与比例尺计算方法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过对青海调查矿区多种高分辨率卫星数据处理后形成的图像进行解译和编图,掌握了合理选择遥感数据信息源、利用制图软件计算遥感影像图比例尺及编制野外调查和成果解译图的技术方法。得出在选择遥感数据时要考虑不同数据的技术参数、性价比及调查区面积;明确了当图像的出图分辨率确定后,其比例尺与图像的空间分辨率、像素大小、文档大小有直接关系,同时建立了计算遥感图像最佳比例尺和最佳出图比例尺的公式和方法;介绍了利用Photoshop和Mapgis软件,编制矿山野外调查用图和遥感解译成果图件的流程及方法。这些工作的完成对青海矿业开发地质环境效应调查起到了积极的指导作用,也充分体现了高分辨率遥感图像在工作条件艰苦地区的优势作用。 相似文献
10.
Flood monitoring, mapping and assessing capabilities using RADARSAT remote sensing, GIS and ground data for Bangladesh 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Remote sensing is the most practical method available to managers of flood-prone areas for quantifying and mapping flood impacts. This study explored large inundation areas in the Maghna River Basin, around the northeastern Bangladesh, as determined from passive sensor LANDSAT data and the cloud-penetrating capabilities of the active sensors of the remote imaging microwave RADARSAT. This study also used passive sensor LANDSAT wet and dry images for the year 2000. Spatial resolution was 30 m by 30 m for comparisons of the inundation area with RADARSAT images. RADARSAT images with spatial resolution of 50 m by 50 m were used for frequency analysis of floods from 2000 to 2004. Time series images for 2004 were also used. RADARSAT remote sensing data, GIS data, and ground data were used for the purpose of flood monitoring, mapping and assessing. A supervised classification technique was used for this processing. They were processed for creating a maximum water extent map and for estimating inundation areas. The results of this study indicated that the maximum extent of the inundation area as estimated using RADARSAT satellite imaging was about 29, 900.72 km2 in 2004, which corresponded well with the heavy rainfall around northeast region, as seen at the Bhairab Bazar station and with the highest water level of the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) Rivers. A composite of 5 years of RADARSAT inundation maps from 2000 to 2004, GIS data, and damage data, was used to create unique flood hazard maps. Using the damage data for 2004 and the GIS data, a set of damage maps was also created. These maps are expected to be useful for future planning and flood disaster management. Thus, it has been demonstrated that RADARSAT imaging data acquired over the Bangladesh have the ability to precisely assess and clarify inundation areas allowing for successful flood monitoring, mapping and disaster management. 相似文献
11.
Landslide susceptibility mapping using rough sets and back-propagation neural networks in the Three Gorges, China 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
In the Three Gorges of China, there are frequent landslides, and the potential risk of landslides is tremendous. An efficient and accurate method of generating landslide susceptibility maps is very important to mitigate the loss of lives and properties caused by these landslides. This paper presents landslide susceptibility mapping on the Zigui-Badong of the Three Gorges, using rough sets and back-propagation neural networks (BPNNs). Landslide locations were obtained from a landslide inventory map, supported by field surveys. Twenty-two landslide-related factors were extracted from the 1:10,000-scale topographic maps, 1:50,000-scale geological maps, Landsat ETM + satellite images with a spatial resolution of 28.5 m, and HJ-A satellite images with a spatial resolution of 30 m. Twelve key environmental factors were selected as independent variables using the rough set and correlation coefficient analysis, including elevation, slope, profile curvature, catchment aspect, catchment height, distance from drainage, engineering rock group, distance from faults, slope structure, land cover, topographic wetness index, and normalized difference vegetation index. The initial, three-layered, and four-layered BPNN were trained and then used to map landslide susceptibility, respectively. To evaluate the models, the susceptibility maps were validated by comparing with the existing landslide locations according to the area under the curve. The four-layered BPNN outperforms the other two models with the best accuracy of 91.53 %. Approximately 91.37 % of landslides were classified as high and very high landslide-prone areas. The validation results show sufficient agreement between the obtained susceptibility maps and the existing landslide locations. 相似文献
12.
高光谱遥感图像受到成像系统硬件限制,无法同时具有高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率,较低的空间分辨率制约高光谱图像的应用,超分辨率重建技术可提高图像的空间分辨率。针对高光谱图像的超分辨率重建中光谱保真度的问题,在重建方法中耦合光谱保真度函数,结合结构自适应归一化卷积方法,提出基于光谱保真约束的归一化卷积方法。具体地,将图像局部邻域内像素间的光谱相关性作为约束条件,将与中心像素光谱类似的像素赋予较大权值,从而提高重建后图像光谱特性的保持程度。实验中分别从空间结构与光谱信息保真两个方面来评价重建后结果,结果表明该方法具有较好的光谱信息保持度。 相似文献
13.
机载高光谱成像是一种快速、无损的检测技术,具有光谱分辨率高、波段窄而多和图谱合一的特点。国内小型化的机载高光谱成像仪主要依赖进口,价格昂贵,且高性能的高光谱设备进口困难,限制了高光谱技术在国内的推广和普及。中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心在国家重大仪器开发专项和国家重点研发计划支持下,成功研制出以推扫式小型化成像光谱仪HMS400/1000为核心的轻型机载高光谱成像系统SSMap,建立了机载高光谱遥感综合调查技术方法和作业流程,形成了一套可靠的地物分类方法和水土污染光谱定量反演模型。本文在介绍机载高光谱成像技术基本原理和分析国内外研究现状的基础上,以自主研发的机载高光谱成像系统SSMap为例,结合长江经济带生态环境的需求,详细探讨了总面积4500余km2的航空高光谱遥感作业方法、信息提取与调查应用。通过长江经济带江苏、安徽、浙江等地区的生态环境地质调查应用示范,取得了高质量的机载遥感数据,获得了一批重要调查成果。研究表明,机载高光谱成像技术在生态环境调查、水体监测、土地利用和土地质量评价等方面具广阔应用前景。具有自主知识产权的国产化机载高光谱成像仪降低了采购成本,推动了机载高光谱技术普及,服务了国家重大区域发展战略,具有显著的经济和社会效益。 相似文献
14.
为了有效、合理、客观地评价高光谱卫星数据质量, 充分发挥其在矿产及能源普查方面的作用, 进行了一系列研究.围绕最具代表性的3种载荷指标(几何空间分辨率、波谱分辨率及信噪比)的不同尺度, 从均方差异常、直方图异常、数据相关性异常、反射率曲线异常、信噪比参量以及该模拟数据的实际应用(蚀变信息提取和矿物填图)等多角度入手, 系统而全面地分析了模拟星载Hymap高光谱数据针对不同指标与尺度的影像质量效果.研究结果表明, 这3种载荷指标之间相互制约, 并随着空间分辨率和波谱分辨率的提高将降低图像的信噪比.当几何空间分辨率为15 m、波谱分辨率为15~20 nm, 同时信噪比≥350时, 就可以满足常规的矿物填图要求. 相似文献
15.
This study examines linear spectral unmixing technique for mapping the surface soil types using field spectroscopy data as the reference spectra. The investigated area is located in North Sinai, Egypt. The study employed data from the Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite sensor with improved spatial and spectral resolution. Mixed remotely sensed image pixels may lead to inaccurate classification results in most conventional image classification algorithms. Spectral unmixing may solve this problem by resolving those into separate components. Four soil type end-members were identified with minimum noise fraction and pixel purity index analyses. The identified soil types are calcareous soils, dry sabkhas, wet sabkhas, and sand dunes. Soil end-member reference spectra were collected in the field using an ASD FieldSpec Pro spectrometer. Constrained sum-to-one and non-negativity linear spectral unmixing model was applied and the soil types map was produced. The results showed that linear spectral unmixing model can be a useful tool for mapping soil types from ETM+ images. 相似文献
16.
17.
Julienne R. Emry Alison Olcott Marshall Craig P. Marshall 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2016,40(1):29-47
Raman hyperspectral imaging is becoming a popular technique to analyse geological materials. Autofluorescence can affect the quality of the spectra that comprise hyperspectral data sets. Few studies have addressed potential misinterpretation of Raman images from hyperspectral data sets affected by autofluorescence. Additionally, little work has been done to develop methods for identifying the spatial distribution of spectra affected by autofluorescence. This study illustrates how autofluorescence may lead to misinterpretation of the distribution of materials based on intensity at a point images. A method is proposed utilising signal to axis analysis to create images that identify regions affected by autofluorescence. Post‐processing baseline correction is often used to address autofluorescence, and most software programs utilise a form of partial least squares regression modelling based on a subjective choice of polynomial order. This study shows that an inappropriate choice of polynomial order can introduce error, which may lead to misinterpretation of Raman images. A signal to axis analysis method is proposed to statistically compare seemingly ‘appropriate’ baseline correction trials. Although post‐processing of hyperspectral data sets and creating Raman images seem simple, data quality issues such as autofluorescence must be considered. If baseline correction is deemed necessary, it should be addressed as an experiment involving statistical comparison. 相似文献
18.
基于高分辨率卫星遥感数据的白云鄂博矿山开发调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
白云鄂博矿是我国大型铁、稀土、铌为主的综合性多金属共生矿床,长期以来白云鄂博矿山的资源开发利用方式不合理,造成了严重的资源浪费和环境污染.以高分辨率遥感影像为基础,通过遥感图像的信息提取、解译,结合实地调查,在MAPGIS平台空间分析模块统计出研究区矿业活动所涉及的地物类型、开采矿山的面积和位置、矿业活动占地情况及矿山... 相似文献
19.
喀斯特山区居民地多尺度遥感信息提取精度对比 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以贵州省典型喀斯特山区晴隆县为研究区,以分辨率分别为2.1 m的资源三号（ZY3）影像、10 m的哨兵二号（Sentinel-2）影像、16 m的高分一号（GF1）影像以及30 m的Landsat8影像为数据源,利用面向对象分类和人机交互相结合的方法提取研究区城市居民地、乡镇居民地和农村居民地,并将4种不同分辨率影像上提取的3种居民地信息与从0.5 m分辨率的普莱亚(Pleiades)影像通过目视解译且经实地核查得到的数据进行对比,计算出4种分辨率影像上3种居民地信息的提取精度,对提取结果进行精度对比分析。结果表明:（1）同一分辨率影像中,城镇居民地提取误差小于农村居民地;不同分辨率影像中,随影像分辨率大小的降低3种居民地中城市居民地的精度变化最小,为23.99%,农村居民地的数据精度变化最大,达到35.3%。（2）从2.1 m到30 m分辨率影像,居民地信息错分总误差快速增加,总误差比依次为:2.56%、15.58%、24.50%、32.72%,城市居民地错分误差比明显小于农村居民地,且3种居民地错分为其他地类面积最多的均是裸地;（3）随着影像分辨率大小的降低,居民地漏分总误差分别为2.86%,18.60% ,27.99%,37.49%,其中分散式的农村居民地识别更易受到周围环境的影响,漏分误差随影像分辨率大小降低而显著增加,4种分辨率影像中3种居民地信息漏分误差最小的均为水体,最大的是裸地和耕地。 相似文献
20.
The resolution of measurement devices can be insufficient for certain purposes. We propose to stochastically simulate spatial
features at scales smaller than the measurement resolution. This is accomplished using multiple-point geostatistical simulation
(direct sampling in the present case) to interpolate values at the target scale. These structures are inferred using hypothesis
of scale invariance and stationarity on the spatial patterns found at the coarse scale. The proposed multiple-point super-resolution
mapping method is able to deal with “both continuous and categorical variables,” and can be extended to multivariate problems.
The advantages and limitations of the approach are illustrated with examples from satellite imaging. 相似文献