共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
利用成熟发展的台风自身在风向上的涡旋型特征和风眼处风速相对周围较低的特征, 分别采用搜索QuikSCAT反演风向的涡旋中心, 风速或后向散射系数的台风中心区域在局部最小值点的方法定位获得了台风中心位置信息。在风矢量反演过程中采用QSCAT-1模型、借助Holland的台风模式, 修正了反演过程中的风向误差, 提高了台风中心定位的准确性。同时, 将该方法应用到对台风路径和强度监测中, 利用QuikSCAT对台风的连续观测资料分析得出台风强度和路径信息, 其中台风路径结果与美国国家飓风中心(NHC)通过最佳路径分析得到的台风路径结果基本一致, 但在台风强度结果上存在较大误差。为提高台风强度监测精度, 在反演过程中采用大风地球物理模型NN-T-GMF代替QSCAT-1模型, 使台风强度监测结果精度提高。结果表明, QuikSCAT可以有效监测海上台风路径和强度发展, 为进一步推断台风的强度发展和移动趋势提供帮助。 相似文献
2.
Coastal Validation of Ultra-high Resolution Wind Vector Retrieval From QuikSCAT in the Gulf of Maine
《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2009,6(3):413-417
3.
针对时间差分载波相位/捷联惯导紧组合系统在非高斯噪声环境工作时，采用高斯混合滤波遇到的混合模型参数估计问题，提出了一种变分贝叶斯学习优化的高斯混合自适应滤波算法。该算法借鉴变分学习理论，准确高效地实现了高斯混合模型参数的自适应估计，进一步精化了滤波算法中的随机模型，能够显著提高估计精度，降低计算负担，改善滤波性能。实验结果表明，相比传统滤波算法，该算法的估计精度得到了进一步改善，运算耗时仅与拓展卡尔曼滤波相当。 相似文献
4.
快速反演(FDI)算法是一种典型的星载全球卫星导航反射技术(GNSS-R)海面风速反演方法,具有计算复杂度低、快速实时反演的特点,但是FDI算法中的反演观测量提取精度不高,导致风速反演精度低. 针对于此,提出基于观测量校正的改进FDI算法,用于实现海面风速的快速高精度反演. 该方法首先利用辅助测量信息对观测量进行校正以降低干扰因素的影响,然后基于统计分析方法对ASCAT卫星风速数据进行海面风速值提取,最后建立了海面风速与校正观测量的地球物理模型函数(GMF)关系式,实现对海面风速的反演. 与传统FDI算法相比,该方法的反演偏差值更小,均方根误差(RMSE)降低了29%. 相似文献
5.
HY-2A卫星微波散射计主要用于测量海表面的风速和风向,为了满足其风速和风向的测量精度要求,必须对其进行在轨辐射定标。本文基于散射计在开阔大洋的观测数据,利用经过定标的seawinds散射计后向散射系数数据,分析了海洋目标定标法的定标精度,结果表明定标精度可以达到0.15 dB,且模式函数对定标结果的影响为系统偏差,说明海洋目标定标法需要选用高精度的模式函数。然后,采用相同的海洋目标定标算法,实现了HY-2A卫星微波散射计的在轨辐射定标,获得HY-2A卫星微波散射计VV极化的定标系数为-1.79 dB,HH极化的定标系数为-1.73 dB。最后,利用NDBC浮标观测数据,检验HY-2A卫星微波散射计反演的风矢量精度,证明获得的定标系数可以明显提高HY-2A卫星微波散射计反演风矢量的精度。 相似文献
6.
Numerical simulation of troposphere-induced errors in GPS-derived geodetic time series over Japan 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Troposphere-induced errors in GPS-derived geodetic time series, namely, height and zenith total delays (ZTDs), over Japan
are quantitatively evaluated through the analyses of simulated GPS data using realistic cumulative tropospheric delays and
observed GPS data. The numerical simulations show that the use of a priori zenith hydrostatic delays (ZHDs) derived from the
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) numerical weather model data and gridded Vienna mapping function
1 (gridded VMF1) results in smaller spurious annual height errors and height repeatabilities (0.45 and 2.55 mm on average,
respectively) as compared to those derived from the global pressure and temperature (GPT) model and global mapping function
(GMF) (1.08 and 3.22 mm on average, respectively). On the other hand, the use of a priori ZHDs derived from the GPT and GMF
would be sufficient for applications involving ZTDs, given the current discrepancies between GPS-derived ZTDs and those derived
from numerical weather models. The numerical simulations reveal that the use of mapping functions constructed with fine-scale
numerical weather models will potentially improve height repeatabilities as compared to the gridded VMF1 (2.09 mm against
2.55 mm on average). However, they do not presently outperform the gridded VMF1 with the observed GPS data (6.52 mm against
6.50 mm on average). Finally, the commonly observed colored components in GPS-derived height time series are not primarily
the result of troposphere-induced errors, since they become white in numerical simulations with the proper choice of a priori
ZHDs and mapping functions. 相似文献
7.
The timing of seasonal snowmelt in high-latitude tundra has implications ranging from local biological productivity to global atmospheric circulation, yet remains difficult to quantify, particularly at large spatial scales. Snowmelt detection in such remote polar environments is possible using satellite-based microwave scatterometers, such as NASA’s QuikSCAT. QuikSCAT measured scattering in Ku-band, which is sensitive to snowmelt signals, from 1999 until the antenna failed in 2009. The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) (2006–2021 (projected) operational), which operates at C-band, may be able to extend the QuikSCAT record, but existing techniques fail to adequately monitor tundra environments. Here, we designed a departure threshold algorithm to produce a consistent 15-year time series of melt onset for the tundra of the Alaskan North Slope, using the overlap period for the enhanced resolution datasets to calibrate the ASCAT melt detection record against QuikSCAT. We produced a time series of day of year of melt onset for 4.45 km x 4.45 km grid cells on the Alaskan North Slope from 2000–2014. Time series validation with in situ mean daily air temperature produced mean R2 values of 0.75 (QuikSCAT) and 0.72 (ASCAT). We qualitatively observed a difference between early-season melt, which occurred rapidly and was driven by strong wind events, and more typical melt, which occurred gradually along a latitudinal gradient. We speculate that future melt timing will have greater frequency of early-season onset as climate change destabilizes the high-latitude atmosphere. 相似文献
8.
Sandip R. Oza R. K. K. Singh N. K. Vyas B. S. Gohil Abhijit Sarkar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(2):147-152
The identification of sea-ice has frequently been cited as one of the most important tasks for deriving the sea-ice parameters
and to avoid erroneous retrieval of wind vector over sea-ice infested oceans using space-borne scatterometer data. Discrimination
between sea-ice and ocean is ambiguous under the high wind and/or thin/scattered ice conditions. The pre-launch technique
developed for Oceansat-2, utilizes the dual-polarized QuikSCAT scatterometer data by using the spatio-temporal coherence properties
of sea ice in addition to backscatter coefficient and the Active Polarization Ratio. Results were compared with the operational
sea-ice products from National Snow and Ice Data Center. The threshold API value of −0.025 was found optimum for sea-ice and
ocean discrimination. The overall sea-ice identification accuracy achieved was of the order of 95 per cent, ranging from 92.5%
(during December in Southern Hemisphere) to 98% (during March in Northern Hemisphere). The applicability of the algorithm
for both the Arctic as well as Antarctic makes it suitable for its operational use with the Oceansat-2 scatterometer data. 相似文献
9.
S. K. Deb Steve Wanzong C. S. Velden Inderpreet Kaur C. M. Kishtawal P. K. Pal W. P. Menzel 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(4):679-687
The real-time operational use of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) at numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers in India are being adversely affected due to inaccurate height assignment of cloud tracers, especially in thin semi-transparent clouds. In India, the operational derivation of AMVs from the Indian geostationary satellite Kalpana-1 began few years ago. A statistical empirical method (SEM) of height assignment, based on a genetic algorithm, is currently used to estimate the height of the retrieved vectors from Kalpana-1. This method has many limitations. In this paper, attempts have been made to implement the widely used and well tested height assignment methods such as the infrared window (WIN) technique, the H2O intercept, and the cloud base method in the Kalpana-1 AMV retrieval algorithm. The new height assignment algorithm significantly improves the statistics of the retrieved winds when compared to radiosondes, especially in high and mid levels winds. 相似文献
10.
This paper compares estimates of station coordinates from global GPS solutions obtained by applying different troposphere
models: the Global Mapping Function (GMF) and the Vienna Mapping Function 1 (VMF1) as well as a priori hydrostatic zenith
delays derived from the Global Pressure and Temperature (GPT) model and from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather
Forecasts (ECMWF) numerical weather model data. The station height differences between terrestrial reference frames computed
with GMF/GPT and with VMF1/ECMWF are in general below 1 mm, and the horizontal differences are even smaller. The differences
of annual amplitudes in the station height can also reach up to 1 mm. Modeling hydrostatic zenith delays with mean (or slowly
varying empirical) pressure values instead of the true pressure values results in a partial compensation of atmospheric loading.
Therefore, station height time series based on the simple GPT model have a better repeatability than those based on more realistic
ECMWF troposphere a priori delays if atmospheric loading corrections are not included. On the other hand, a priori delays
from numerical weather models are essential to reveal the full atmospheric loading signal. 相似文献
11.
FY-3A星MWHS反演中纬度和热带大气水汽 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
风云三号A星(FY-3A)搭载的微波湿度(MWHS)计采用双边带接收机体制,选择主要受水汽影响的(183.31±1) GHz,(183.31±3) GHz,(183.31±7) GHz和窗区150 GHz作为通道频率。本文首先分析了观测亮温值与利用辐射传输方程仿真的亮温值之间的关系,二者相比具有较好的一致性。其次利用神经网络方法反演大气相对湿度,并与线性回归方法进行对比,本文选用的区域内,神经网络方法优于线性回归法。最后,利用本文创建的神经网络模型与正在业务使用的AMSU-B反演模型进行反演均方差和稳定度对比,结果表明,本文创建的神经网络模型在所选区域,大气相对湿度反演精度与AMSU-B神经网络模型相当(反演均方差为15%-25%);水汽密度反演均方差除地面未知因素影响外,与探空观测相比,整体均方差小于1 g/m3;不论在中纬度地区还是热带地区,都能较好地反演大气湿度的垂直分布廓线。同时,本文初次尝试在神经网络反演湿度廓线中引入墨西哥帽小波函数,结果表明,运用墨西哥帽小波函数在保证反演性能的同时,能有效减小迭代时间,避免陷入局部迭代。 相似文献
12.
13.
Eurico J. D’Sa 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2014,51(2):139-157
Variability in surface chlorophyll (Chl) concentrations derived from the Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) were examined in conjunction with river discharge, QuikSCAT satellite-derived winds, and sea surface height (SSH) anomaly data along the Louisiana coast, USA. Surface Chl distributions exhibited rapid response to strong northerly winds following a frontal passage. A comparison of time series (1998–2010) river discharge and monthly Chl data indicated Chl variability to be well correlated to seasonal river discharge only for locations near the two river deltas, while offshore, enhancements in Chl during fall–winter was likely due to cross-shelf transport or mixing associated with strong northerly wind stress. Variance in Chl examined using wavelet analysis applied to nearly 10 years (1998–2007) of SeaWiFS data indicated patterns of significant Chl variability due to combined enhanced wind and river discharge, offshore flows associated with Ekman transport and coastal wind convergence, and the effect of Hurricane Rita in 2005. Instances of significant Chl variance were also observed to occur during years of large hypoxic zone size suggesting potential linkages to hypoxia. SSH anomaly imagery indicated the presence of warm-core eddies that were responsible for the offshore dispersal of elevated Chl observed in the monthly SeaWiFS imagery. Overall, the use of multi-satellite data better described the forcing and patterns of Chl distributions along the river-dominated Louisiana coast and shelf. 相似文献
14.
基于季节分异的太湖叶绿素浓度反演模型研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
叶绿素浓度反演算法主要有经验方法、半经验/分析方法和分析方法,其中半经验/分析方法应用最为广泛。但是反演的模型以及模型中的参数和反演精度都随着水体中叶绿素浓度的变化而改变。不同的季节水体中叶绿素浓度不同,水体反射光谱曲线特征和与叶绿素浓度相关性较高的敏感波段也不一致,使得各季节选用的反演模型和模型中的参数也存在一定的差异。本文在对2005年1—10月份叶绿素a（Chla）浓度季节差异进行分析的基础上,对4—10月份同步测量的水体光谱数据分春、夏、秋三个季节进行分析,分季节建立叶绿素浓度反演模型,并对它们进行比较,旨在为各季节选择最佳的反演模型。研究结果表明：春季和秋季选用波段比值算法反演精度较高,其中对数模型,线性模型和一元二次模型都有较高的相关性;夏季选用微分算法较好,该算法所建立的三种模型均具有较高的相关性。 相似文献
15.
The troposphere delay is an important source of error for precise GNSS positioning due to its high correlation with the station height parameter. It has been demonstrated that errors in mapping functions can cause sub-annual biases as well as affect the repeatability of GNSS solutions, which is a particular concern for geophysical studies. Three-dimensional ray-tracing through numerical weather models (NWM) is an excellent approach for capturing the directional and daily variation of the tropospheric delay. Due to computational complexity, its use for positioning purposes is limited, but it is an excellent tool for evaluating current state-of-the-art mapping functions used for geodetic positioning. Many mapping functions have been recommended in the past such as the Niell Mapping Function (NMF), Vienna Mapping Function 1 (VMF1), and the Global Mapping Function (GMF), which have been adopted by most IGS analysis centers. A new Global Pressure Temperature model (GPT2) has also been developed, which has been shown to improve upon the original atmospheric model used for the GMF. Although the mapping functions mentioned above use the same functional formulation, they vary in terms of their atmospheric source and calibration approach. A homogeneous data set of three-dimensional ray-traced delays is used to evaluate all components of the mapping functions, including their underlying functional formulation, calibration, and compression method. Additionally, an alternative representation of the VMF1 is generated using the same atmospheric source as the truth data set to evaluate the differences in ray-tracing methods and their effect on the end mapping function. The results of this investigation continue to support the use of the VMF1 as the mapping function of choice when geodetic parameters are of interest. Further support for the GPT2 and GMF as reliable back-ups when the VMF1 is not available was found due to their high consistency with the NWM-derived mapping function. Additionally, a small latitude-dependent bias in station height was found in the current mapping functions. This bias was identified to be due to the assumption of a constant radius of the earth and was largest at the poles and at the equator. Finally, an alternative version of the VMF1 is introduced, namely the UNB-VMF1 which provides users with an independent NWM-derived mapping function to support geodetic positioning. 相似文献
16.
17.
Testing of global pressure/temperature (GPT) model and global mapping function (GMF) in GPS analyses 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
J. Kouba 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(3-4):199-208
Several sources of a priori meteorological data have been compared for their effects on geodetic results from GPS precise point positioning (PPP). The new global pressure and temperature model (GPT), available at the IERS Conventions web site, provides pressure values that have been used to compute a priori hydrostatic (dry) zenith path delay z h estimates. Both the GPT-derived and a simple height-dependent a priori constant z h performed well for low- and mid-latitude stations. However, due to the actual variations not accounted for by the seasonal GPT model pressure values or the a priori constant z h, GPS height solution errors can sometimes exceed 10 mm, particularly in Polar Regions or with elevation cutoff angles less than 10 degrees. Such height errors are nearly perfectly correlated with local pressure variations so that for most stations they partly (and for solutions with 5-degree elevation angle cutoff almost fully) compensate for the atmospheric loading displacements. Consequently, unlike PPP solutions utilizing a numerical weather model (NWM) or locally measured pressure data for a priori z h, the GPT-based PPP height repeatabilities are better for most stations before rather than after correcting for atmospheric loading. At 5 of the 11 studied stations, for which measured local meteorological data were available, the PPP height errors caused by a priori z h interpolated from gridded Vienna Mapping Function-1 (VMF1) data (from a NWM) were less than 0.5 mm. Height errors due to the global mapping function (GMF) are even larger than those caused by the GPT a priori pressure errors. The GMF height errors are mainly due to the hydrostatic mapping and for the solutions with 10-degree elevation cutoff they are about 50% larger than the GPT a priori errors. 相似文献
18.
The split-window algorithm is the most commonly used method for land surface temperature (LST) retrieval from satellite data. Simplification of the Planck’s function, as an important step in developing the SWA, allows us to directly relate the radiance to the temperature toward solving the radiative transfer equation (RTE) set. In this study, Planck’s radiance relationship between two adjacent thermal infrared channels was modeled to solve the RTE set instead of simplification of the Planck’s function. A radiance-based split-window algorithm (RBSWA) was developed and applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The performance of the RBSWA was assessed and compared with three most common brightness temperature-based split-window algorithms (BTBSWAs) by using the simulated data and satellite measurements. Simulation analysis showed that the LST retrieval using RBSWA had a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.5 K and achieved an improvement of 0.3 K compared with three BTBSWAs, and the LST retrieval accuracy using RBSWA was better than 1.5 K considering uncertainties in input parameters based on the sensitivity analysis. For application of RBSWA to MODIS data, the results showed that: 1) comparison between LST from MODIS LST product and LST retrieved using RBSWA showed a mean RMSE of 1.33 K for 108 groups of MODIS image covering continental US, which indicates RBSWA is reliable and robust; 2) when using the measurements from US surface radiation budget network as real values the RMSE of the RBSWA algorithm was 2.55 K and was slightly better than MODIS LST product; and 3) through the cross validation using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer LST product, the RMSE of the RBSWA algorithm was 2.23 K and was 0.28 K less than that of MODIS LST product. We conclude that the RBSWA for LST retrieval from MODIS data can attain a better accuracy than the BTBSWA. 相似文献
19.
气溶胶单次散射反照率SSA（Single Scattering Albedo）的卫星定量遥感对气候评估和大气污染治理均具有重要意义。搭载于S5P（Sentinel-5 Precursor）上的对流层监测仪（TROPOMI）具有目前同类卫星传感器中最优的空间分辨率。本文基于S5P/TROPOMI数据开展了中国东部地区的SSA反演研究。首先利用中国东部地区AERONET（Aerosol Robotic Network）站点数据对OPAC（Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds）气溶胶模型进行约束改进,构建了更为合适的气溶胶类型,并使用地基激光雷达（Lidar）预设相应气溶胶类型的垂直结构。然后使用辐射传输模型SCIATRAN构建查找表LUT（Look-Up Table）,将TROPOMI UVAI（Ultraviolet Absorbing Index）和MODIS AOD（Aerosol Optical Depth）数据联合输入反演气溶胶SSA数据。反演结果与地基站点数据对比,相关系数R2为0.61,均方根误差为0.05;和OMI SSA产品相比,总体趋势一致且具有空间连续性更好。基于TROPOMI的高分辨率SSA算法和数据将有助于中小尺度下气溶胶时空分布、光学特性等研究。 相似文献
20.
Jia Liu Dustin Feld Jochen Garcke Thomas Soddemann Peiyuan Pan 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(8):748-765
Quantitative remote sensing retrieval algorithms help understanding the dynamic aspects of Digital Earth. However, the Big Data and complex models in Digital Earth pose grand challenges for computation infrastructures. In this article, taking the aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval as a study case, we exploit parallel computing methods for high efficient geophysical parameter retrieval. We present an efficient geocomputation workflow for the AOD calculation from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. According to their individual potential for parallelization, several procedures were adapted and implemented for a successful parallel execution on multi-core processors and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The benchmarks in this paper validate the high parallel performance of the retrieval workflow with speedups of up to 5.x on a multi-core processor with 8 threads and 43.x on a GPU. To specifically address the time-consuming model retrieval part, hybrid parallel patterns which combine the multi-core processor’s and the GPU’s compute power were implemented with static and dynamic workload distributions and evaluated on two systems with different CPU–GPU configurations. It is shown that only the dynamic hybrid implementation leads to a greatly enhanced overall exploitation of the heterogeneous hardware environment in varying circumstances. 相似文献