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1.
Petrogenesis of isotopically unusual Pliocene olivine leucitites from Deep Springs Valley, California 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
High-K mafic alkalic lavas (5.4 to 3.2 wt% K2O) from Deep Springs Valley, California define good correlations of increasing incompatible element (e.g., Sr, Zr, Ba, LREE)
and compatible element contents (e.g., Ni, Cr) with increasing MgO. Strontium and Nd isotope compositions are also correlated
with MgO; 87Sr/86Sr ratios decrease and ɛNd values increase with decreasing MgO. The Sr and Nd isotope compositions of these lavas are extreme compared to most other
continental and oceanic rocks; 87Sr/86Sr ratios range from 0.7121 to 0.7105 and ɛNd values range from −16.9 to −15.4. Lead isotope ratios are relatively constant, 206Pb/204Pb ∼17.2, 207Pb/204Pb ∼15.5, and 208Pb/204Pb ∼38.6. Depleted mantle model ages calculated using Sr and Nd isotopes imply that the reservoir these lavas were derived
from has been distinct from the depleted mantle reservoir since the early Proterozoic. The Sr-Nd-Pb isotope variations of
the Deep Springs Valley lavas are unique because they do not plot along either the EM I or EM II arrays. For example, most
basalts that have low ɛNd values and unradiogenic 206Pb/204Pb ratios have relatively low 87Sr/86Sr ratios (the EM I array), whereas basalts with low ɛNd values and high 87Sr/86Sr ratios have radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb ratios (the EM II array). High-K lavas from Deep Springs Valley have EM II-like Sr and Nd isotope compositions, but EM
I-like Pb isotope compositions. A simple method for producing the range of isotopic and major- and trace-element variations
in the Deep Springs Valley lavas is by two-component mixing between this unusual K-rich mantle source and a more typical depleted
mantle basalt. We favor passage of MORB-like magmas that partially fused and were contaminated by potassic magmas derived
from melting high-K mantle veins that were stored in the lithospheric mantle. The origin of the anomalously high 87Sr/86Sr and 208Pb/204Pb ratios and low ɛNd values and 206Pb/204Pb ratios requires addition of an old component with high Rb/Sr and Th/Pb ratios but low Sm/Nd and U/Pb ratios into the mantle
source region from which these basalts were derived. This old component may be sediments that were introduced into the mantle,
either during Proterozoic subduction, or by foundering of Proterozoic age crust into the mantle at some time prior to eruption
of the lavas.
Received: 28 February 1997 / Accepted: 9 July 1998 相似文献
2.
R. D. Smith K. L. Cameron F. W. McDowell S. Niemeyer D. E. Sampson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1996,123(4):375-389
Isotopic and trace element data from mantle and granulite xenoliths are used to estimate the relative contributions of mantle
and crustal components to a large ignimbrite, referred to as the upper ignimbrite, that is representative of the voluminous
mid-Cenozoic rhyolites of northwestern Mexico. The study also uses data from the volcanic rocks to identify deep crustal xenoliths
that are samples of new crust created by the Tertiary magmatism. The isotopic composition of the mantle component is defined
by mantle-derived pyroxenites that are interpreted to have precipitated from mid-Cenozoic basaltic magmas. This component
has ɛNd≈+1.5, 87Sr/86Sr≈0.7043 and 206Pb/204Pb≈18.6. Within the upper ignimbrite and associated andesitic and dacitic lavas, initial 87Sr/86Sr is positively correlated with SiO2, reaching 0.7164 in the ignimbrite. Initial 206Pb/204Pb ratios also show a positive correlation with silica, whereas ɛNd values have a crude negative correlation, reaching values as low as −2. Of the four isotopically distinct crustal components
identified from studies of granulite xenoliths, only the sedimentary protolith of the paragneiss xenoliths can be responsible
for the high initial 87Sr/86Sr of the upper ignimbrite. The Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions of the upper ignimbrite can be modeled with relatively
modest assimilation (≤20%) of the sedimentary component ± Proterozoic granulite. Gabbroic composition granulite xenoliths
have distinctive Nd, Sr, and Pb isotope ratios that cluster closely within the range of compositions found in the andesitic
and dacitic lavas. These mafic granulites are cumulates, and their protoliths are interpreted to have precipitated from the
intermediate to silicic magmas at 32–31 Ma. These mafic cumulate rocks are probably representative of much of the deep crust
that formed during mid-Cenozoic magmatism in Mexico. Worldwide xenolith studies suggest that the relatively great depth (≤20
km) at which assimilation-fractional crystallization took place in the intermediate to silicic magma systems of the La Olivina
region is the rule rather than the exception. Oligocene ignimbrites of the southwestern United States (SWUS) have substantially
lower ɛNd values (e.g. <−6) than the upper ignimbrite and other rhyolites from Mexico. This difference appears to reflect a greater
crustal contribution to ignimbrites of the SWUS, perhaps due to a higher temperature of the lower crust prior to the emplacement
of the Oligocene basaltic magmas.
Received: 16 December 1994 / Accepted: 13 September 1995 相似文献
3.
The study of interaction between mantle melts and crustal rocks is of great importance for deciphering the evolution of the
Earth’s crust and for better understanding the composition of mantle sources, in particular, the degree of their compositional
heterogeneity. This work presents the results of Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic studies of 37 samples taken from the Kivakka layered
intrusion, host rocks, and rocks at the contact. The studies were aimed at verifying the hypothesis of possible crustal contamination
of mafic melt during magma chamber crystallization. It was found that the section of the Kivakka layered massif is characterized
by initial Sr and Nd isotopic heterogeneity, with negative correlation between initial Nd isotopic ratio and its content.
The rocks of the massif have low ɛNd(T) values. 相似文献
4.
Yasutaka Terakado Hiroshi Shimizu Akimasa Masuda 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1988,99(1):1-10
Initial Nd and Sr isotopic ratios were obtained for middle Miocene igneous rocks as well as for related rocks from the Outer Zone of Southwest Japan to investigate the petrogenesis of acidic magmas and their relation to a peculiar tectonic environment bearing on the back-arc spreading of the Japan Sea. On the
Nd-
Sr diagram, data points for the acidic rocks fall in the –
Nd, +
Sr quadrant occupying different positions from those for sedimentary and old crustal rocks, and seem to define several subparallel lines which extend towards the lower-righthand sedimentary field. The S-type acidic rocks occupy an intermediate position between I-type rocks and sedimentary ones, a fact suggesting mixing of an igneous component and a sedimentary one. The linear mixing trend observed on the
Nd-
Sr diagram can be attained in the restricted case that the igneous component has similar Sr/Nd concentration ratios to that of the sedimentary one, which implies an intermediate to acidic composition for the igneous component. Inconsistency between the elemental and isotopic variations observed may be reconciled by considering that mixing, probably in the relatively deep part of the crust, might have occured prior to chemical differentiation processes. The episodic igneous activity and the high heat energy required to melt such materials involving sedimentary rocks may be explained by a model in which a hot mantle region probably corresponding to the rising part of the mantle convection supplied the heating energy to the Outer Zone of Southwest Japan when passing beneath Southwest Japan in the course of movement of the hot rising part from the Shikoku basin areas to the Japan Sea area. 相似文献
5.
The Middle Miocene Tsushima granite pluton is composed of leucocratic granites, gray granites and numerous mafic microgranular enclaves (MME). The granites have a metaluminous to slightly peraluminous composition and belong to the calc‐alkaline series, as do many other coeval granites of southwestern Japan, all of which formed in relation to the opening of the Sea of Japan. The Tsushima granites are unique in that they occur in the back‐arc area of the innermost Inner Zone of Southwest Japan, contain numerous miarolitic cavities, and show shallow crystallization (2–6 km deep), based on hornblende geobarometry. The leucocratic granite has higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7065–0.7085) and lower εNd(t) (?7.70 to ?4.35) than the MME of basaltic–dacitic composition (0.7044–0.7061 and ?0.53 to ?5.24), whereas most gray granites have intermediate chemical and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions (0.7061–0.7072 and ?3.75 to ?6.17). Field, petrological, and geochemical data demonstrate that the Tsushima granites formed by the mingling and mixing of mafic and felsic magmas. The Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data strongly suggest that the mafic magma was derived from two mantle components with depleted mantle material and enriched mantle I (EMI) compositions, whereas the felsic magma formed by mixing of upper mantle magma of EMI composition with metabasic rocks in the overlying lower crust. Element data points deviating from the simple mixing line of the two magmas may indicate fractional crystallization of the felsic magma or chemical modification by hydrothermal fluid. The miarolitic cavities and enrichment of alkali elements in the MME suggest rapid cooling of the mingled magma accompanied by elemental transport by hydrothermal fluid. The inferred genesis of this magma–fluid system is as follows: (i) the mafic and felsic magmas were generated in the mantle and lower crust, respectively, by a large heat supply and pressure decrease under back‐arc conditions induced by mantle upwelling and crustal thinning; (ii) they mingled and crystallized rapidly at shallow depths in the upper crust without interaction during the ascent of the magmas from the middle to the upper crust, which (iii) led to fluid generation in the shallow crust. The upper mantle in southwest Japan thus has an EMI‐like composition, which plays an important role in the genesis of igneous rocks there. 相似文献
6.
Multiple sources for the origin of granites: Geochemical and Nd/Sr isotopic evidence from the Gudaoling granite and its mafic enclaves, northeast China 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Geochemical and Sr- and Nd-isotopic data have been determined for mafic to intermediate microgranular enclaves and host granitoids from the Early Cretaceous Gudaoling batholith in the Liaodong Peninsula, NE China. The rocks include monzogranite, porphyric granodiorite and quartz diorite. Monzogranites have relatively high 87Rb/86Sr ratios (0.672-0.853), low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7052-0.7086) and ε Nd(t) values (−18.5 to −20.9) indicating that they were mainly derived from a newly underplated crustal source with a short crustal residence time. Quartz diorites have high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7118-0.7120) and negative ε Nd(t) values (−13.2 to −18.1) coupled with high Al2O3 and MgO contents, indicating they were derived from enriched lithospheric mantle with contributions of radiogenic Sr from plagioclase-rich metagreywackes or meta-igneous rocks, i.e., ancient lower crust. Two groups of enclaves with igneous textures and abundant acicular apatites are distinguished: dioritic enclaves and biotite monzonitic enclaves. Dioritic enclaves have low Al2O3 (13.5-16.4 wt%) and high MgO (Mg# = ∼72.3) concentrations, low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7058-0.7073) and negative ε Nd(t) values (∼−7.2), and are enriched in LILEs and LREEs and depleted in HFSEs, suggesting they were derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle source. Biotite monzonitic enclaves have Sr and Nd isotopic compositions similar to the monzogranites, indicating they were crystal cumulates of the parental magmas of these monzogranites. Granodiorites have transitional geochemistry and Nd- and Sr-isotopic compositions, intermediate between the monzogranites, quartz diorites and the enclaves.Geochemical and Sr- and Nd-isotopic compositions rule-out simple crystal-liquid fractionation or restite unmixing as the major genetic link between enclaves and host rocks. Instead, magma mixing of mafic mantle-derived and juvenile crustal-derived magmas, coupled with crystal fractionation and assimilation of ancient lower crust, is compatible with the data. This example shows that at least some calc-alkaline granitoids are not produced by pure intracrustal melting, but formed through a complex, multi-stage hybridization process, involving mantle- and crustal-derived magmas and several concomitant magmatic processes (crystal fractionation, crustal assimilation and crustal anatexis). 相似文献
7.
Yemane Asmerom P. Jonathan Patchett Paul E. Damon 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1991,107(1):124-134
Arc magmas ranging in composition from basaltic andesites to rhyolites and intrusive equivalents were emplaced into the western
margin of the North American craton starting in Late Triassic time giving way to rift0related sedimentation in the Late Jurassic.
The region of this study cuts across Proterozoic basements of contrasting Nd model ages, 1.7–1.8 Ga (average ɛNd∼−11) in eastern Arizona and 2.0 to 2.3 GA (average ɛNd∼−18) in western Arizona and eastern California (Bennett and DePaolo 1987). The Mesozoic rocks have initial ɛNd of -3.4 to-6.4 in the eastern part of the study area and -7.1 to -9.2 in the western part. All of the rocks have elevated
87Sr/87Sr initial ratios (>0.706). Trends in initial ɛNd values of Mesozoic arc rocks are directly correlated with the Nd model ages of the basement through which they passed. Simple
two-component mixing calculations indicate that recycled continental crust in the arc magmas represents on average about 65%.
A minimum of 35% mantle input into continental arc magmas, as recent as the Mesozoic, represents a significant contribution
to the growth of the continental crust, in the absence of a return flow of continental material into the mantle of similar
magnitude. In a detailed study in the Santa Rita Mountains. Arizona, there is a pattern of increase of ɛNd with time: early basaltic andesites have more negative ɛNd than later felsic rocks. A correlated pattern of depletion with time is also observed with trace element and major element
data. We attribute this either to progressive hybridization of the lower crust by repeated injection of mantle magmas, or
the progressive thinning of the continental crust during prolonged arc magmatism. The present data do not allow distinction
between the two models. Progressive decrease in crustal contribution to arc magmas with time may be an important feature of
continental arc evolution. Hybridization of the lower crust due to repeated injection of mantle melts during arc magmatism
may help contribute to small-scale heterogeneities in lower crust inferred from seismic and xenolith data. Similarly, whether
there is a well defined MOHO or sharp crust-mantle boundary in any given segment of the continental crust may in part depend
on the extent of crust modification as a result of continental arc magmatism. 相似文献
8.
V. A. Makrygina I. V. Sandimirov G. P. Sandimirova Yu. A. Pakhol’chenko A. B. Kotov V. P. Kovach A. V. Travin 《Geochemistry International》2010,48(10):979-987
The paper presents data on the Nd-Sr systematics of magmatic rocks of the Khaidaiskii Series of the Anginskaya Formation in
the Ol’khon region, western Baikal area, and rocks of the Talanchanskaya Formation on the eastern shore of Lake Baikal. Geochemical
characteristics of these rocks are identical and testify to their arc provenance. At the same time, the ɛNdtof rocks of the Khaidaiskii Series in the Ol’khon area has positive values, and the data points of these rocks plot near the
mantle succession line in the ɛNdt-87Sr/86Sr diagram, whereas the ɛNdt values of rocks of the Talanchanskaya Formation are negative, and the data points of these rocks fall into the fourth quadrant
in the ɛNdt-87Sr/86Sr diagram. This testifies to a mantle genesis of the parental magmas of the Khaidaiskii Series and to the significant involvement
of older crustal material in the generation of the melts that produced the orthorocks on the eastern shore of the lake. These
conclusions are corroborated by model ages of magmatic rocks in the Ol’khon area (close to 1 Ga) and of rocks of the Talanchanskaya
Formation (approximately 2 Ga). The comparison of our data with those obtained by other researchers on the Nd-Sr isotopic
age of granulites of the Ol’khon Group and metavolcanics in various structural zones in the northern Baikal area suggests,
with regard for the geochemistry of these rocks, the accretion of tectonic nappes that had different isotopic histories: some
of them were derived from the mantle wedge and localized in the island arc itself (magmatic rocks of the Anginskaya Formation)
or backarc spreading zone (mafic metamagmatic rocks of the Ol’khon Group), while others were partial melts derived, with the
participation of crustal material, from sources of various age (metagraywackes in the backarc basin in the Ol’khon Group and
the ensialic basement of the island arc in the Talanchanskaya Formation). 相似文献
9.
Wendy R. Nelson Michael J. Dorais Eric H. Christiansen Garret L. Hart 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2013,165(2):397-417
Mafic complexes in the central Sierra Nevada batholith record valuable geochemical information regarding the role mafic magmas play in arc magmatism and the generation of continental crust. In the intrusive suite of Yosemite Valley, major and trace element compositions of the hornblende-bearing gabbroic rocks from the Rockslides mafic complex and of the mafic dikes in the North America Wall are compositionally similar to high-alumina basalt. Of these rocks, two samples have higher Ni and Cr abundances as well as higher εNd values than previously recognized for the intrusive suite. Plagioclase crystals in rocks from the North America Wall and the Rockslides have prominent calcic cores and sharply defined sodic rims, a texture commonly associated with mixing of mafic and felsic magmas. In situ analyses of 87Sr/86Sr in plagioclase show no significant isotopic difference from the cores to the rims of these grains. We propose that the high 87Sr/86Sr (~0.7067) and low εNd (~?3.4) of bulk rocks, the homogeneity of 87Sr/86Sr in plagioclase, and the high δ18O values of bulk rocks (6.6–7.3 ‰) and zircon (Lackey et al. in J Petrol 49:1397–1426, 2008) demonstrate that continental crust was assimilated into the sublithospheric mantle-derived basaltic precursors of the mafic rocks in Yosemite Valley. Contamination (20–40 %) likely occurred in the lower crust as the magma differentiated to high-alumina basalt prior to plagioclase (and zircon) crystallization. As a consequence, the isotopic signatures recorded by whole rocks, plagioclase, and zircon do not represent the composition of the underlying lithospheric mantle. We conclude that the mafic and associated felsic members of the intrusive suite of Yosemite Valley represent 60–80 % new additions to the crust and include significant quantities of recycled ancient crust. 相似文献
10.
Geochemistry of Cretaceous mafic rocks from the Lower Yangtze region, eastern China: Characteristics and evolution of the lithospheric mantle 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Geochemical and isotopic data for Cretaceous mafic rocks (basalt, gabbro, and diorite) from the Lower Yangtze region, northern Yangtze block, constrain the evolution of the lithospheric mantle. The mafic rocks, separated into the northeast and southwest groups, are alkaline and evolved, with low Mg# values (44–58) and variable SiO2 contents (47.6–57.4 wt%). Enriched LREEs, LILEs, and Pb, together with depleted Nb, Zr, and Ti, suggest that the mantle sources were metasomatized by slab-derived fluid/melt. All samples show high radiogenic 207Pb/204Pb(t) (15.41–15.65) and 208Pb/204Pb(t) (37.66–38.51) ratios at given 206Pb/204Pb(t) (17.65–19.00) ratios, consistent with the mantle sources having been metasomatized by ancient slab-derived material. Mafic rocks of the southwest group show enriched Sr–Nd isotopic characteristics, with 87Sr/86Sr(t) ranging from 0.7056 to 0.7071 and εNd(t) ranging from −5.3 to −8.3, indicating an origin from enriched lithospheric mantle. Mafic rocks of the northeast group, which record 87Sr/86Sr(t) ratios of between 0.7044 and 0.7050 and εNd(t) of −2.8 to −0.7, possibly formed by the mixing of melts from isotopically enriched lithospheric mantle and isotopically depleted asthenospheric mantle. Taking into consideration the geochemical and isotopic characteristics of Cretaceous mafic rocks, Cenozoic basalts, and basalt-hosted peridotite xenoliths from the Lower Yangtze region, we propose that an isotopically enriched, subduction-modified lithospheric mantle was replaced by or transformed into an isotopically depleted “oceanic-type” mantle. Such a process appears to have occurred in the eastern North China Craton as well as the eastern Yangtze block, probably in response to subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate beneath East Asia. 相似文献
11.
Nd and Sr isotopic data are presented for the 2449–2441 Ma Olanga and Burakovka layered mafic complexes in the eastern Baltic
Shield. These complexes have similar tectonic position, but differ in two aspects: the age of the enclosing crust and the
post-crystallization metamorphic history. The Sm–Nd isotopic results for the Kivakka and Lukkulaisvaara intrusions, Olanga
Complex, are consistent with the model of closed-system crystallization of a single magma without significant wallrock assimilation.
The Rb–Sr systems of minerals were disturbed by late Rb addition during 1.75–1.50 Ga metamorphism. The Nd and Sr isotopic
systems in the Burakovka complex show no metamorphic disturbance and indicate mixing of at least four isotopically distinct
components. Isotopic variations in the Burakovka Complex can be explained by a 4–20 per cent contamination of a primary komatiitic
or picritic magma with a Mesoarchean crust, similar to that exposed in the region. A similar model, applied to the Olanga
Complex using a Neoarchean crustal isotopic composition, cannot reproduce the observed isotopic signature. The nearly uniform
initial ɛNd values between −1 and −2.3, observed in the Kivakka and Lukkulaisvaara intrusions of the Olanga Complex, as well as in the
other 2.50–2.44 Ga layered mafic intrusions throughout the eastern Baltic Shield, are better explained by a mantle plume model
with small amounts of crustal contamination and minor involvement of asthenospheric material. This model is also consistent
with the geological observations and the temporal distribution of the Paleoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the eastern Baltic
Shield. As an alternative, the enriched isotopic characteristics may be explained by melting of a metasomatically modified
lithospheric mantle source.
Received: 4 August 1994/Accepted: 5 April 1996 相似文献
12.
Geophysical data illustrate that the Indian continental lithosphere has northward subducted beneath the Tibet Plateau, reaching the Bangong–Nujiang suture in central Tibet. However, when the Indian continental lithosphere started to subduct, and whether the Indian continental crust has injected into the mantle beneath southern Lhasa block, are not clear. Here we report new results from the Quguosha gabbros of southern Lhasa block, southern Tibet. LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating of two samples gives a ca. 35 Ma formation age (i.e., the latest Eocene) for the Quguosha gabbros. The Quguosha gabbro samples are geochemically characterized by variable SiO2 and MgO contents, strongly negative Nb–Ta–Ti and slightly negative Eu anomalies, and uniform initial 87Sr/86Sr (0.7056–0.7058) and εNd(t) (− 2.2 to − 3.6). They exhibit Sr–Nd isotopic compositions different from those of the Jurassic–Eocene magmatic rocks with depleted Sr–Nd isotopic characteristics, but somewhat similar to those of Oligocene–Miocene K-rich magmatic rocks with enriched Sr–Nd isotopic characteristics. We therefore propose that an enriched Indian crustal component was added into the lithospheric mantle beneath southern Lhasa by continental subduction at least prior to the latest Eocene (ca. 35 Ma). We interpret the Quguosha mafic magmas to have been generated by partial melting of lithospheric mantle metasomatized by subducted continental sediments, which entered continental subduction channel(s) and then probably accreted or underplated into the overlying mantle during the northward subduction of the Indian continent. Continental subduction likely played a key role in the formation of the Tibetan plateau at an earlier date than previously thought. 相似文献
13.
Summary The Tyrrhenian border of the Italian peninsula has been the site of intense magmatism from Pliocene to recent times. Although
calc-alkaline, potassic and ultrapotassic volcanism overlaps in space and time, a decrease of alkaline character in time and
space (southward) is observed. Alkaline ultrapotassic and potassic volcanic rocks are characterised by variable enrichment
in K and incompatible elements, coupled with consistently high LILE/HFSE values, similar to those of calc-alkaline volcanic
rocks from the nearby Aeolian arc. On the basis of mineralogy and major and trace element chemistry two different arrays can
be recognised among primitive rocks; a silica saturated trend, which resulted in formation of leucite-free mafic rocks, and
a silica undersaturated trend, charactrerised by leucite-bearing rocks.
Initial 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd values of Italian ultrapotassic and potassic mafic rocks range from 0.70506 to 0.71672 and from 0.51173 to 0.51273, respectively.
206Pb/204Pb values range between 18.50 and 19.15, 207Pb/204Pb values range between 15.63 and 15.70, and 208Pb/204Pb values range between 38.35 and 39.20. The general εSr vs. εNd array, along with crustal lead isotopic values, clearly indicates that a continental crustal component has played an important
role in the genesis of these magmas. The main question is where this continental crustal component has been acquired by the
magmas. Volcanological and petrologic data indicate continental crustal contamination to be a leading process along with fractional
crystallisation and magma mixing. Considering, however, only the samples thought to represent primary magmas, which have been in equilibrium with their mantle source, a clearer picture emerges. A large variation of εSr vs. εNd is still observed, with εSr from −2 to +180 and εNd from + 2 to −12. A bifurcation of this array is observed in the samples that plot in the lower right quadrant, with mafic
leucite-bearing Roman Province rocks buffered at εSr = + 100 whereas the mafic leucite-free potassic and ultrapotassic rocks point to strongly radiogenic Sr compositions. We
may argue that mafic leucite-bearing Roman Province rocks point to εSr and εNd values similar to those of Miocene carbonate sediments whereas mafic leucite-free potassic and ultrapotassic rocks point
to a silicate upper crust end-member. Lead isotopes plot well inside the field of island arcs, overlapping the values of pelagic
sediments as well, but bifurcation between the samples north and south of Rome is observed.
The main characteristic for the mantle source of Italian potassic and ultrapotassic magmas is the clear upper crustal signature
acquired prior to partial melting through metasomatic agents released by the subducted slab. In addition, one lithospheric
mantle source in the north and an asthenospheric mantle source, pointing to an HIMU reservoir, in the south were recognised.
The chemical and isotopic differences observed between the northern and southern sectors of the magmatic region were possibly
due to the presence of a carbonate-rich component in the crustal enriching agent in the south. One crustal component might
have been generated by melting of silicate metasedimentary rocks or sediments from an ancient subducted slab. The second one
might reflect the activity of mostly CO2-rich fluid released more recently by the incipient subduction of carbonate sedimentary rocks.
Received February 16, 2000; revised version accepted September 6, 2001 相似文献
14.
S. B. Lobach-Zhuchenko V. M. Savatenkov A. V. Kovalenko V. P. Chekulaev N. S. Guseva 《Geochemistry International》2010,48(4):366-380
This work considers geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the source of the Archean Panozero pluton derived from LILEand
LREE-enriched lithospheric mantle. Sr and Nd isotopic data on clinopyroxenes and augites define a source with Sri = 0.7017 and ɛNd(t) varying within a narrow range from + 0.7 to + 1.4 (averaging + 1.1), which is close to previously obtained whole-rock
isotopic data. Similar ɛNd(t) were obtained for the Archean alkaline rocks of Canada, whereas the Archean mafic rocks of the Baltic and Canadian Shields
formed from depleted mantle have ɛNd(t) ∼2. Lead isotope measurements on K-feldspars (KFsp) and monzonite showed that the source of the pluton has μ = 8.98 for the Stacey-Kramers two-stage model, at low U/Pb and
high Th/U ratios. Different lead isotope composition corresponding to μ = 10.43 was determined in KFsp from quartz monzonites. Diverse interpretations of obtained data have been proposed. It was noted that the Pb-Pb isotopic
system was disturbed by a later (∼ 1.9 Ga) thermal event. The ratios of elements of similar compatibility were used to determine
the geochemical specifics of source of the Panozero pluton. Their comparison with numerous literature data on metasomatized
mantle xenoliths and minerals in them showed that the mantle source strongly differed from primitive mantle in ratios of elements,
whose mineralmelt partitioning coefficients considerably differs from mineral-fluid partitioning, for instance, Nb/La. Mantle
source that was responsible for geochemical peculiarities of the Panozero pluton was made up of Phl, CPx, and Ap. 相似文献
15.
Middle to Late Jurassic plutonic rocks in the central Mojave Desert represent the continuation of the Sierran arc south of
the Garlock fault. Rock types range from calc-alkaline gabbro to quartz monzonite. Chemical and isotopic data indicate that
petrologic diversity is attributable to mixing of crustal components with mantle melts. Evidence for magma mixing is scarce
in most plutons, but emplacement and injection of plutons into preexisting wallrocks (e.g. pendants of metasedimentary rocks)
suggests that assimilation may be locally important. Field and petrographic evidence and major and trace element data indicate
that the gabbros do not represent pure liquids but are, at least partly, cumulates. The cumulate nature of the gabbros coupled
with field evidence for open-system contamination means that trace element contents of gabbros cannot be used to fingerprint
the Jurassic mantle source, nor can isotopic data be unequivocally interpreted to reflect the isotopic composition of the
mantle. Correlation of Sr and Nd isotropic composition with bulk composition allows some constraints to be placed on the mantle
isotopic signature. Gabbros and mafic inclusions from localities north of Barstow, CA have the most depleted mantle-like isotopic
signatures (Sr
(
i
)≈0.705 and ɛNd
(t)=≈0 to +1). However, these rocks have likely seen some contamination as well, so the mantle source probably has an even more
depleted character. Gabbros with the lowest Sr(
i
) and highest ɛNd
(t) are also characterized by the highest 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb in the entire data set. This may be a feature of the mantle component in the Jurassic arc indicative of minor source contamination
with subducted sediment as has been observed in modern continental arcs. Locally exposed Precambrian basement and metasedimentary
rocks have appropriate Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic signatures for the crustal end members and are possible contaminants. Incorporation
of these components through combined anatexis and assimilation can explain the observed spread in isotopic composition. Evidence
for a depleted mantle component in these gabbros contrasts with the enriched subcontinental mantle component in Jurassic arc
plutons further to the east and suggests there may have been a major mantle lithosphere boundary between the two areas as
far back as the Late Jurassic. Crustal boundaries and isotopic provinces defined on the basis of initial isotopic composition
(Sr(
i
)=0.706 isopleth) are difficult to delineate because of the correlation of bulk composition with Sr and Nd isotopic composition
and because values may differ depending on the age of the rocks sampled within a given area. Data from plutons intruded into
rocks known or inferred to be Precambrian are, however, shifted dramatically (highest Sr(
i
) and lowest ɛNd(t)) toward Precambrian values. The least isotopically evolved rocks (lowest Sr(
i
) and highest ɛNd(t)) occur within the eugeoclinal belt of the Mojave Desert. This zone has been previously identified as a Precambrian rift zone
but more likely represents a zone where mantle magmas have been intruded into isotopically similar crustal rocks of the eugeocline
with minor input from old Precambrian crust.
Received: 12 August 1993/Accepted: 8 July 1994 相似文献
16.
Jiang-Feng Qin Shao-Cong Lai Chun-Rong Diwu Yin-Juan Ju Yong-Fei Li 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2010,159(3):389-409
Petrogenesis of high Mg# adakitic rocks in intracontinental settings is still a matter of debate. This paper reports major
and trace element, whole-rock Sr–Nd isotope, zircon U–Pb and Hf isotope data for a suite of adakitic monzogranite and its
mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) at Yangba in the northwestern margin of the South China Block. These geochemical data
suggest that magma mixing between felsic adakitic magma derived from thickened lower continental crust and mafic magma derived
from subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) may account for the origin of high Mg# adakitic rocks in the intracontinental
setting. The host monzogranite and MMEs from the Yangba pluton have zircon U–Pb ages of 207 ± 2 and 208 ± 2 Ma, respectively.
The MMEs show igneous textures and contain abundant acicular apatite that suggests quenching process. Their trace element
and evolved Sr–Nd isotopic compositions [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.707069–0.707138, and εNd(t) = −6.5] indicate an origin from SCLM. Some zircon grains from the MMEs have positive εHf(t) values of 2.3–8.2 with single-stage Hf model ages of 531–764 Ma. Thus, the MMEs would be derived from partial melts of the
Neoproterozoic SCLM that formed during rift magmatism in response to breakup of supercontinent Rodinia, and experience subsequent
fractional crystallization and magma mixing process. The host monzogranite exhibits typical geochemical characteristics of
adakite, i.e., high La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios, low contents of Y (9.5–14.5 ppm) and Yb, no significant Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.81–0.90),
suggesting that garnet was stable in their source during partial melting. Its evolved Sr–Nd isotopic compositions [(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7041–0.7061, and εNd(t) = −3.1 to −4.3] and high contents of K2O (3.22–3.84%) and Th (13.7–19.0 ppm) clearly indicate an origin from the continental crust. In addition, its high Mg# (51–55),
Cr and Ni contents may result from mixing with the SCLM-derived mafic magma. Most of the zircon grains from the adakitic monzogranite
show negative εHf(t) values of −9.4 to −0.1 with two-stage Hf model ages of 1,043–1,517 Ma; some zircon grains display positive εHf(t) of 0.1–3.9 with single-stage Hf ages of 704–856 Ma. These indicate that the source region of adakitic monzogranite contains
the Neoproterozoic juvenile crust that has the positive εHf(t) values in the Triassic. Thus, the high-Mg adakitic granites in the intracontinental setting would form by mixing between
the crustal-derived adakitic magma and the SCLM-derived mafic magma. The mafic and adakitic magmas were generated coevally
at Late Triassic, temporally consistent with the exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust in the northern margin of
the South China Block. This bimodal magmatism postdates slab breakoff at mantle depths and therefore is suggested as a geodynamic
response to lithospheric extension subsequent to the continental collision between the South China and North China Blocks. 相似文献
17.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1389-1400
Post-orogenic mafic dikes are widespread across eastern Shandong Province, North China Craton, eastern China. We here report new U–Pb zircon ages and bulk-rock geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data for representative samples of these rocks. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon analysis of two mafic dike samples yields consistent ages of 118.7 ± 0.25 million years and 122.4 ± 0.21 million years. These Mesozoic mafic dikes are characterized by high (87Sr/86Sr) i ranging from 0.7082 to 0.7087, low ?Nd(t) values from??17.0 to??17.5, 206Pb/204Pb from 17.14 to 17.18, 207Pb/204Pb from 15.44 to 15.55, and 208Pb/204Pb from 37.47 to 38.20. Our results suggest that the parental magmas of these dikes were derived from an ancient, enriched lithospheric mantle source that was metasomatized by foundered lower crustal eclogitic materials prior to magma generation. The mafic dikes underwent minor fractionation during ascent and negligible crustal contamination. Combined with previous studies, these findings provide additional evidence that intense lithospheric thinning beneath eastern Shandong occurred at ~120 Ma, and that this condition was caused by the removal/foundering of the lithospheric mantle and lower crust. 相似文献
18.
R. Altherr U. Henes-Klaiber E. Hegner M. Satir C. Langer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1999,88(3):422-443
Latest Devonian to early Carboniferous plutonic rocks from the Odenwald accretionary complex reflect the transition from
a subduction to a collisional setting. For ∼362 Ma old gabbroic rocks from the northern tectonometamorphic unit I, initial
isotopic compositions (εNd=+3.4 to +3.8;87Sr/86Sr =0.7035–0.7053;δ18O=6.8–8.0‰) and chemical signatures (e.g., low Nb/Th, Nb/U, Ce/Pb, Th/U, Rb/Cs) indicate a subduction-related origin by partial
melting of a shallow depleted mantle source metasomatized by water-rich, large ion lithophile element-loaded fluids. In the
central (unit II) and southern (unit III) Odenwald, syncollisional mafic to felsic granitoids were emplaced in a transtensional
setting at approximately 340–335 Ma B.P. Unit II comprises a mafic and a felsic suite that are genetically unrelated. Both
suites are intermediate between the medium-K and high-K series and have similar initial Nd and Sr signatures (εNd=0.0 to –2.5;87Sr/86Sr=0.7044–0.7056) but different oxygen isotopic compositions (δ18O=7.3–8.7‰ in mafic vs 9.3–9.5‰ in felsic rocks). These characteristics, in conjunction with the chemical signatures, suggest
an enriched mantle source for the mafic magmas and a shallow metaluminous crustal source for the felsic magmas. Younger intrusives
of unit II have higher Sr/Y, Zr/Y, and Tb/Yb ratios suggesting magma segregation at greater depths. Mafic high-K to shoshonitic
intrusives of the southern unit III have initial isotopic compositions (εNd=–1.1 to –1.8;87Sr/86Sr =0.7054–0.7062;δ18O=7.2–7.6‰) and chemical characteristics (e.g., high Sr/Y, Zr/Y, Tb/Yb) that are strongly indicative of a deep-seated enriched
mantle source. Spatially associated felsic high-K to shoshonitic rocks of unit III may be derived by dehydration melting of
garnet-rich metaluminous crustal source rocks or may represent hybrid magmas.
Received: 7 December 1998 / Accepted: 27 April 1999 相似文献
19.
Sr–Nd isotope data are reported for the early Precambrian sub-alkaline mafic igneous rocks of the southern Bastar craton, central India. These mafic rocks are mostly dykes but there are a few volcanic exposures. Field relationships together with the petrological and geochemical characteristics of these mafic dykes divide them into two groups; Meso-Neoarchaean sub-alkaline mafic dykes (BD1) and Paleoproterozoic (1.88 Ga) sub-alkaline mafic dykes (BD2). The mafic volcanics are Neoarchaean in age and have very close geochemical relationships with the BD1 type. The two groups have distinctly different concentrations of high-field strength (HFSE) and rare earth elements (REE). The BD2 dykes have higher concentrations of HFSE and REE than the BD1 dykes and associated volcanics and both groups have very distinctive petrogenetic histories. These rocks display a limited range of initial 143Nd/144Nd but a wide range of apparent initial 87Sr/86Sr. Initial 143Nd/144Nd values in the BD1 dykes and associated volcanics vary between 0.509149 and 0.509466 and in the BD2 dykes the variation is between 0.510303 and 0.510511. All samples have positive ? Nd values; the BD1 dykes and associated volcanics have ? Nd values between +0.3 and +6.5 and the BD2 dykes between +1.9 to +6.0. Trace element and Nd isotope data do not suggest severe crustal contamination during the emplacement of the studied rocks. The positive ? Nd values suggest their derivation from a depleted mantle source. Overlapping positive ? Nd values suggest that a similar mantle source tapped by variable melt fractions at different times was responsible for the genesis of BD1 (and associated volcanics) and BD2 mafic dykes. The Rb–Sr system is susceptible to alteration and resetting during post-magmatic alteration and metamorphism. Many of the samples studied have anomalous apparent initial 87Sr/86Sr suggesting post-magmatic changes of the Rb–Sr system which severely restricts the use of Rb–Sr for petrogenetic interpretation. 相似文献
20.
Interaction between crustal-derived felsic and mantle-derived mafic magmas in the Oberkirch Pluton (European Variscides, Schwarzwald, Germany) 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
R. Altherr F. Henjes-Kunst C. Langer J. Otto 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1999,137(4):304-322
The composite Oberkirch pluton consists of three compositionally different units of peraluminous biotite granite. The northern
unit is relatively mafic (SiO2∼64%) and lacks cordierite. The more felsic central and southern units (SiO2=67.8 to 70.4%) can only be distinguished from each other by the occurrence of cordierite in the former. Mafic microgranular
enclaves of variable composition, texture and size occur in each of these units and are concentrated in their central domains.
Most abundant are large (dm to m) hornblende-bearing enclaves with dioritic to tonalitic compositions (SiO2=50.8 to 56.3 wt%; Mg#=63 to 41) and fine grained doleritic textures that suggest chilling against the host granite magma.
Some of these enclaves are mantled by hybrid zones. Less common are microtonalitic enclaves containing biotite as the only
primary mafic phase (SiO2=53.7 to 64.4%) and small hybrid tonalitic to granodioritic enclaves and schlieren. Synplutonic dioritic dikes (up to 6 m
thick) with hybrid transition zones to the host granite occur in the southern unit of the pluton. In chemical variation diagrams,
samples from unmodified hornblende-bearing mafic enclaves and dikes form continuous trends that are compatible with an origin
by fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, hornblende and plagioclase. Chemical and initial isotopic signatures (e.g. high
Mg#, low Na2O, ɛNd=−1.2 to −5.1, 87Sr/86Sr=0.7055 to 0.7080, δ18O=8.0 to 8.8‰) exclude an origin by partial melting from a mafic meta-igneous source but favour derivation from a heterogeneous
enriched lithospheric mantle. Samples from the granitic host rocks do not follow the chemical variation trends defined by
the diorites but display large scatter. In addition, their initial isotopic characteristics (ɛNd=−4.5 to −6.8, 87Sr/86Sr=0.7071 to 0.7115, δ18O=9.9 to 11.9‰) show little overlap with those of the diorites. Most probably, the granitic magmas were derived from metapelitic
sources characterized by variable amounts of garnet and plagioclase. This is suggested by relatively high molar ratios of
Al2O3/(MgO+FeOtot) and K2O/Na2O, in combination with low ratios of CaO/(MgO+FeOtot), variable values of Sr/Nd, Eu/Eu*[=Eucn/(Smcn × Gdcn)0.5] and (Tb/Yb)cn (cn=chondrite-normalized) as well as variable abundances of Sc and Y. Whole-rock initial isotopic signatures of mafic microtonalitic
enclaves (ɛNd=−4.6 to −5.2; 87Sr/86Sr=0.7060 to 0.7073; δ18O ∼8.1‰) are similar to those of the low ɛNd diorites. Plagioclase concentrates from a granite sample and a mafic microtonalitic enclave are characterized by initial
87Sr/86Sr ratios that are significantly higher than those of their bulk rock systems suggesting incorporation of high 87Sr/86Sr crustal material into the magmas. Field relationships and petrographic evidence suggest that the Oberkirch pluton originated
by at least three pulses of granitic magma containing mafic magma globules. In-situ hybridization between the different magmas
was limited. Late injection of dioritic magma into the almost solidified granitic southern unit resulted in the formation
of more or less continuous synplutonic dikes surrounded by relatively thin hybrid zones.
Received: 30 April 1999 / Accepted: 6 August 1999 相似文献