共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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多源遥感数据综合应用是遥感发展的必然趋势,统一的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型是多源数据集成与综合应用的基础。虽然已有多种空间尺度分级模型,但很多主流模型并非出于分尺度综合应用目的,缺乏客观的比较和评价。国家基本比例尺系统作为经过论证、中国应用面最广泛、接受度最高的一种尺度分级系统,是以应用为导向的遥感数据空间尺度分级模型的最优参照系。从不同视觉精度下国家基本比例尺对图像空间分辨率的需求出发,比较各空间尺度分级模型的层级分辨率与需求分辨率的匹配情况,包括OGC Well Known Scale Set的Global CRS84Pixel和Google Maps Compatible,以及NASA World Wind、Google Map、百度地图、天地图等软件平台采用的层级格网系统,以及"五层十五级"遥感数据组织模型,通过对数据信息冗余度的分析,对各个模型进行了评价。结果表明,在高视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型与基本比例尺精度要求具有较明显的匹配优势,其次为OGC Google Maps Compatible模型和天地图模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数在2倍左右;在低视觉精度应用需求下,"五层十五级"模型平均数据冗余度仍为最低,其次为Google Map模型,其余模型平均数据冗余倍数都在2倍以上。 相似文献
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冠层特征尺度是植被定量遥感的基础概念,其物理定义和数学定量表达具有重要的研究意义。首先,基于光学辐射传输角度提出的冠层特征尺度的物理定义,即水平维线性混合条件下的最小分辨率单元,建立了冠层特征尺度的数学计算模型,并引入倒置的地统计学指数模型。然后,提出了基于局部方差分析的冠层特征尺度计算方法。最后,利用森林区域高分辨率图像,对论文提出的冠层特征尺度模型进行了定量验证。结果表明,冠层特征尺度模型计算的冠层特征尺度与树林株行距存在密切联系,线性复相关系数达0.95,证明了本文方法的合理性和可行性。本文提出的冠层特征尺度模型为地表特征尺度定量计算提供了一种新方法。 相似文献
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Effects of scale in spatial interaction models 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We study the effects of aggregation on four different cases of nonlinear spatial gravity models. We present some theoretical results on the relationship between the mean flows at an aggregated level and the mean flow at the disaggregated level. We then focus on the case of perfect aggregation (scale problem) showing some results based on the theoretical expressions previously derived and on some artificial data. The main aim is to test the effects on the aggregated flows of the spatial dependence observed in the origin and in the destination variables. We show that positive spatial dependence in the origin and destination variables moderate the increase of the mean flows connatural with aggregation while negative spatial dependence exacerbates it. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种新的混合像元聚集指数计算方法。该方法基于高分辨率遥感数据,采用方向孔隙率公式和线性混合模型相结合的方法,详细描述了混合像元内部由于植被覆盖度(FVC)、端元聚集指数以及叶倾角分布等引起的尺度差异。利用模拟数据进行初步敏感性分析,将计算得到的混合像元聚集指数与所占面积比例最大的端元聚集指数进行比较,结果表明端元聚集指数的不均一性对计算结果影响最大,由此得到的混合像元聚集指数较最大面积端元聚集指数下降了55%;植被覆盖度的不均一性影响次之,可使聚集指数降低43%;植被叶倾角分布(G函数)的空间异质性影响最小,约12%。敏感性分析的结果同时也证明了对于空间异质性较强的混合像元进行尺度差异修正的必要性。利用本文中提出的混合像元聚集指数方法有望在提高低分辨率叶面积指数反演中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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大比例尺全野外数字化测图 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
全野外数字化测图的基本思想是将野外采集的各种有关地物和地貌信息转化为数字形式,通过数据接口传输给计算机进行处理,得到内容丰富的电子地图,需要时由电子计算机的图形输出设备(如显示器、绘图仪)绘出地形图或各种专题地图。 相似文献
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Christian Wöhler Pablo d’Angelo Lars Krüger Annika Kuhl Horst-Michael Groß 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(6):529-540
In this article we propose a method for combining geometric and real-aperture methods for monocular three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of static scenes at absolute scale. Our algorithm relies on a sequence of images of the object acquired by a monocular camera of fixed focal setting from different viewpoints. Object features are tracked over a range of distances from the camera with a small depth of field, leading to a varying degree of defocus for each feature. Information on absolute depth is obtained based on a Depth-from-Defocus approach. The parameters of the point spread functions estimated by Depth-from-Defocus are used as a regularisation term for Structure-from-Motion. The reprojection error obtained from bundle adjustment and the absolute depth error obtained from Depth-from-Defocus are simultaneously minimised for all tracked object features. The proposed method yields absolutely scaled 3D coordinates of the scene points without any prior knowledge about scene structure and camera motion. We describe the implementation of the proposed method both as an offline and as an online algorithm. Evaluating the algorithm on real-world data, we demonstrate that it yields typical relative scale errors of a few per cent. We examine the influence of random effects, i.e. the noise of the pixel grey values, and systematic effects, caused by thermal expansion of the optical system or by inclusion of strongly blurred images, on the accuracy of the 3D reconstruction result. Possible applications of our approach are in the field of industrial quality inspection; in particular, it is preferable to stereo cameras in industrial vision systems with space limitations or where strong vibrations occur. 相似文献
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通过对西安市大比例尺地形图图幅编号规则的分析,利用AutoCAD提供的ObjectARX开发工具实现大比例尺地形图的快速查询,为查找、调用测绘资料提供了实用、便利的工具。 相似文献
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Linda Gerkman 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2012,14(3):283-298
The aim of the paper is to model small scale neighbourhood in a house price model by implementing the newest methodology in spatial econometrics. A common problem when modelling house prices is that in practice it is seldom possible to obtain all the desired variables. Especially variables capturing the small scale neighbourhood conditions are hard to find. If there are important explanatory variables missing from the model, the omitted variables are spatially autocorrelated and they are correlated with the explanatory variables included in the model, it can be shown that a spatial Durbin model is motivated. In the empirical application on new house price data from Helsinki in Finland, we find the motivation for a spatial Durbin model, we estimate the model and interpret the estimates for the summary measures of impacts. By the analysis we show that the model structure makes it possible to model and find small scale neighbourhood effects, when we know that they exist, but we are lacking proper variables to measure them. 相似文献
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Dubey Om Prakash Niwas Sri Awasthi A. K. 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1986,14(1):39-44
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing - Development activities must be compatible for possibilities and limitation of natural environment and resources. Predevelopmental analysis must... 相似文献
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车载移动激光扫描技术大比例尺测图技术分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于精度问题,车载移动激光扫描技术用于区域大比例尺地形图测绘尚处于探索阶段。本文重点研究了提高该项技术用于大比例尺测图的外业精度质量控制方法和技术实现方法,得到了一套完善的精度控制方案和技术实现方案。最后以北京平谷一段浅山区1∶500地形图测绘任务为例,证明本文的研究突破了新技术在局部区域大比例尺地形图中应用的局限,降低了外业劳动强度,加快了测图速度,为车载LiDAR技术的进一步推广和使用提供参照。 相似文献
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Several complex dynamic spatial systems are operating on the global scale. Their representation with existing geosimulation models is limited to planar level and do not consider the curvature of the Earth's surface. Thus, the objective of this study is to propose and develop a spherical geographic automata (SGA) modeling approach to represent and simulate dynamic spatial processes at the global level. The proposed SGA model is implemented for three case studies including simulations of: (1) Game of Life as population dynamics; (2) urban land-use growth; and (3) deforestation all operating on the spherical Earth's surface. Simulation results indicate that the proposed SGA modeling approach can represent spatial processes such as expansion and shrinkage dynamics on the Earth's surface. The proposed approach has the potential to be adopted to represent different complex systems such as ecological, epidemiological, socioeconomic, and Earth systems processes to support environmental management and policymaking at the global level. 相似文献
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遥感影像分类中的空间尺度选择方法研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
提出了一种新的基于信息熵的空间尺度选择方法。该方法充分利用了遥感影像的多光谱信息。在这个方法中, 信息熵被用于评价影像类别可分性的定量标准; 另外影像的空间分布特征也被考虑。该方法与已有方法, 即基于局部方差的方法、基于变异函数(Variogram)的方法、基于离散度的方法, 进行了比较。TM和QuickBird两种影像被引入到评价中来。实验结果表明, 本方法能够准确地确定两种实验影像的最优分类精度所对应的空间尺度。QuickBird影像采用了面向对象的分类方法进行实验, 这表明本方法不仅适合于传统的分类方法, 同时也适用于面向对象的方法。通过比较分析表明, 本文方法明确优于已有各种方法。 相似文献
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The determination of a representative refractive index for the wave path is the main limitation of the attainable accuracy in electronic distance measurement. To overcome this limitation the length ratio method was initially proposed and later developed into the local scale parameter (LSP) method. In this paper, the mathematical model of the LSP method is derived for electro-optical distance measurement from first principles based on the physics of the atmospheric boundary layer. The model does not rely on standard atmospheres. It is shown that atmospheric temperatures and pressures must be observed at instrument stations but not at reflector stations. Appropriate LSP field procedures and the results of some field experiments are summarized. The method consistently produces accuracies of better than ±1 ppm. Use of the method is recommended for high precision (trilateration) networks, which need to be measured repeatedly and where absolute scale is not relevant. 相似文献
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线性光谱混合模型的适用观测尺度分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
线性光谱混合模型是目前应用最广泛的光谱混合模型,但由于遥感观测多分辨率的特点,模型的适用性会受到尺度效应的影响。为探索该模型在不同观测尺度下的适用程度,本文从地物辐射原理出发,通过理论推导微面元辐射通量表达式,得出地物辐射通量除了与端元反射率和面积比有关外,也与天顶角存在显著的非线性关系。因此,在线性光谱混合模型和微面元辐射通量的基础上,推导了更具普适性的积分线性光谱混合模型的表达式,再采用数值模拟的方法,计算了两模型的相对差值Δρ,结果表明Δρ的大小仅与探测单元的半瞬时视场角β有关,并通过实测光谱实验对上述推论进行了验证。研究表明,当β13°时,Δρ较小,线性光谱混合模型是积分线性光谱混合模型的一种近似表达形式,β完全可作为确定线性光谱混合模型适用观测尺度的关键依据,并且该模型的适用程度随β的增大而降低。 相似文献
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空间直角坐标转换需要计算包括尺度系数在内的七参数,目前关于尺度系数的计算方法较多,但计算结果互有差异.本文基于奇异值分解算法推导了经典最小二乘(LS)准则及整体最小二乘(TLS)准则下尺度系数的计算公式,并结合案例采用布罗伊登-弗莱彻-戈德法布-香农(BFGS)优化算法验证了公式的准确性.本文还对经典最小二乘准则、整体... 相似文献