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本文通过对蓟县电厂主厂房冲击钻孔灌注桩施工的监理，在详勘地质报告与实际不符的情况下，经少量的补勘工作，弄清了场地的地质条件，用冲击钻孔的岩渣差别基岩风化程度，对场地进行了工程地质分区，使桩基施工缩短了工期，节约了造价，经检测，桩基强度完全满足了设计要求。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地含气系统的划分及特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文根据油气系统的理论，划分了塔里木盆地含气系统，首次提出了天然气成因系统的概念，并进一步从剖面上划分了其含气组合，从平面上划分了天然气成因系统，分析了塔里木盆地含气系统的特征，对塔里木盆地天然气的勘探有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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国土资源部（原地质矿产部）“深部地球物理探测数据共享与对比研究”项目组在1998－2000年期间取得如下主要进展：（1）调研了数据分布和保存状态，抢救，收集分散的数据（约40565km），按入库技术规定进行了整理，汇总入库。所收集的数据约占应收集数据的92％；（2）制定了7个专业方法数据入库技术规定；（3）建立了7个专业方法数据标准格式，初步实现了规范化和标准化技术研究，为抢救，收集分散在各单位和个人的数据并入库提供了技术准备；（4）实现了数据载体及数据格式转换及不同载体间的转换与传递，使用刻盘技术将数据保存在光盘上；（5）引进先进的系统软件，研制与建立了7个专业数据子库管理软件系统，数据共享和光盘库系统和总库管理系统。编写了各数据子库使用指南，管理员手册，数据字典，数据统一编码，研究中开发应用了GIS、MAPGIS等先进软件，将专业方法理论与计算机技术结合，实现数据快速存储，多功能查询；（6）探索研究了数据共享原则和办法，提出了可行方案，推动了深部地球物理探测数据共享工作。 相似文献
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通过对已有的物化探资料进行重新整理、分析解释，研究了红山地区区域地球物理特征。在此基础上，推测了工作区不同地质构造单元和构造形态，查明了工作区找矿目的层的埋深、厚度及空间展布特征，分析了铀源，预测了工作区铀成矿有利地区等，对该区铀矿找矿具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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运城市地矿小区家属院深水井抽水时出现大量涌砂，经分析原因，制定了合理的堵漏方案，处理了涌砂现象，水质达到了漏失前标准。 相似文献
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本文研究了符竹溪金－锑矿床微量元素地球化学特征，对矿区岩、矿石微量元素进行了相关分析，筛选出对符竹溪地区金、锑矿有指示意义的Ａｕ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ，Ｍｏ，Ｗ，Ｈｇ，Ｐｂ，Ａｇ，Ｔｌ，Ｂｉ等１０个指示元素。经分析对比，确定其实用性指示元素为Ａｕ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ，Ｍｏ，Ｂｉ，Ｈｇ。利用这些元素的轴向分带规律及比值指标对该矿床深部进行了成矿预测，并已由探矿工程证实，见到了金品位高达４４×１０（－６）的矿体，因而扭转了该矿山矿石资源面临枯竭的局面，经济效益显著。同时，对整个符竹溪地区，即矿床边部及外围作了化探选区，选出了３个远景地段：矿床南部竹叶山地段、外围杨家冲地段和田庄湾地段。 相似文献
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新疆吉木萨尔大龙口非海相二叠系—三叠系界线层段古地磁特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对吉木萨尔县大龙口非海相二叠系-三叠系界线上下地层磁性特征的研究,在梧桐沟组-锅底坑组共发现78个极性异常,其中以负极性为主,间隔了一系列的正极性和过渡极性.梧桐沟组上部以负极性为主,间隔了2个正极性和过渡极性.这可与巴基斯坦盐岭和四川广元上寺的大隆组下部对比,即相当于Da段.梧桐沟组顶部和锅底坑组底部,正、负极性变化频繁,极性特征可与巴基斯坦盐岭和四川广元上寺大隆组中部对比,即相当于Db段.锅底坑组下部以负极性为主,间隔了2个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺大隆组中上部对比,即相当于Dc段.锅底坑组中下部以负极性为主,上部夹1个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺大隆组上部磁性特征对比,即相当于Dd段.锅底坑组中上部以负极性为主,间隔了4个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺飞仙关组下部对比,即相当于Fa段.根据磁性段的划分对比,将二叠系三叠系界线置于Fa和Dd之间,即本次研究测制剖面的41层和42层之间.根据各岩组的古地磁特征求得岩组形成时的古地磁极:梧桐沟组79.1°N,238.1°;锅底坑组72.3°N,322.2°;下三叠统77.5°N,320.8°.古纬度基本一致,为32°～35°N. 相似文献
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应用印模法恢复了鄂尔多斯盆地前侏罗纪古地貌形态。研究表明，区内古地貌格局由“三斜坡、三河谷、两河间丘和一梁”组成，即姬塬东斜坡、定边斜坡、靖边斜坡，宁陕河谷、蒙陕河谷、甘陕河谷，吴旗河间丘、金鼎河间丘和新安边梁。前侏罗纪古地貌控制着下侏罗统延安组早期沉积。延10段属河流相沉积环境，发育的沉积微相有主河道、支流河道、河漫滩、河漫沼泽。延9段沉积环境为三角洲到湖泊环境，沉积相主要由三角洲平原亚相、三角洲前缘亚相组成，沉积微相以分流河道、分流间洼地、水下分流河道和分流间湾为主。相同的古地貌单元、不同的沉积环境，必然造成储集砂体形态特征及分布规律的变化，进一步影响油藏的形成和分布。古地貌油藏的形成除受油源、圈闭等基本条件制约外，古地貌 沉积组合和油气运移通道也是形成不同类型古地貌油藏的重要条件。依据已探明油田的空间分布结合古地貌、上覆地层沉积环境、砂体展布、运移通道类型等多种因素归结出定边-吴旗地区古地貌油藏三种成藏模式，即斜坡区-三角洲平原组合成藏模式、河间丘区-三角洲前缘组合成藏模式和斜坡区-三角洲前缘组合成藏模式。 相似文献
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H. P. Rossmanith K. Uenishi 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2006,10(3):163-211
This contribution is the third part of a paper addressing size and boundary effects on explosively induced wave propagation, fracturing and fracture pattern development in small scale laboratory specimens, which are frequently used for model blast tests. Small cylindrical and block type specimens fabricated from concrete, sandstone and amphibolite are centre-line loaded by linear explosive charges and supersonically detonated. Using shock wave theory, elastic wave propagation theory, and fracture mechanics it is shown that the type of boundary conditions prescribed at the outer boundary of the cylinder controls the extension of stem cracking and the development of the fragmentation pattern within the body of the cylinder and the cube specimens. In the case of a composite specimen, where a cylindrical core of different material is embedded in a cylinder or in a cube, the level of fracturing and fragmentation is controlled by the conditions and possible de-lamination of the interface which, in turn, depends on the relative dimensions of the core and the block. Using known results from the theory of wave interaction with free boundaries and interfaces it will be shown that the fracture strain and the notch sensitivity of the material expressed by imperfections play an important role. Equally important is the ratio between the length of the pulse (space-wise or time-wise) and the characteristic dimensions of the models. Axi-radial boundary cracks and spalling will be explained on the basis of earlier wave propagation studies associated with supersonic blasting. Theoretical results are in good agreement with numerical simulations and recent experimental findings. 相似文献
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场地和断层对埋地管道破坏的影响分析 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
场地条件和断层活动是埋地管道破坏的主要原因,避免因为场地岩土和断层的影响而造成管道破坏,是城市地下生命线工程建设中急需解决的问题。采用ADINA软件的Parasolid建模方式,通过定义合适的体类型和布尔操作,建立了埋地管道破坏分析的几何模型,实现了土体－断层－管道破坏有限元建模。借助模型参数选择,确定了基岩与岩土性质、管道特性等模型参数;定义了管-土摩擦和约束条件、地震波和断层位移荷载等。依据计算结果,分析了场地条件和断层参数对地下管道地震破坏的影响;结果表明：管道埋藏越深,断层断距越大,管道的变形越大,破坏越严重。给出了管-土摩擦系数和断层与管道交角的最优值,并给出了几点工程建议。 相似文献
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利用数字高程模型(DEM)数据、地形图、地质图数据结合实地踏勘,分析并计算了张家界地貌主要分布区溹水流域河谷形态特征和侵蚀积分值(HI),探讨了流域地貌侵蚀发育阶段特征。研究发现:溹水干流比降沿程基本上逐渐减小,纵剖面呈上凹形,凹度值约为0.70;主要支流比降明显大于干流,凹度值介于0.12～0.98;溹水干流河谷宽度和宽深比沿程向下表现出上升趋势、深度表现出下降趋势;溹水河谷横剖面凹度值上游较低,中游较高,近河口又降低,平均值约为0.63,都大于0.5;上中游主要支流河谷相对窄深,下游支流河谷相对宽浅;支流河谷横剖面的凹度值变化范围较大,平均值大于0.50。说明这一地区在地壳迅速抬升之间有较长时间地壳相对稳定,横向侵蚀形成一定宽度的河漫滩,河谷为U型谷,地貌发育处于壮年期或壮年期的中晚期。河谷侧蚀,河谷凹度值大于0.5,是张家界地貌独立峰柱得以形成的重要条件;溹水流域上游下段和中游HI值较高,下游HI值较低,最高值出现在天子山周围;没有发现地势和基岩特性对溹水流域HI值分布存在显著影响;张家界砂岩峰林地貌发育地区集中于溹水上游下段和中游上段的泥盆系砂岩分布区,这一地区HI平均值为0.46,处于地貌侵蚀旋回的壮年期。 相似文献
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新疆库车坳陷逆掩断裂在油气运聚中的作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在研究新疆库车坳陷逆掩断裂、源岩和盖层空间发育特征的基础上,研究了逆掩断裂与源岩、盖层的空间匹配关系.认为断穿源岩、盖层的逆掩断裂则是油气散失的通道;勾通源岩,但未断穿盖层的逆掩断裂则是油气聚集的输导通道,它们控制着库车坳陷油气的聚散及其在空间上的分布.在研究库车坳陷逆掩断裂活动史和源岩排烃史、盖层封闭能力形成史的基础上,研究了逆掩断裂与源岩、盖层的时间匹配关系,认为盖层与源岩的时间匹配关系控制着可供运移的油气量;逆掩断裂与源岩的时间匹配关系控制着可供聚集的油气量,盖层与逆掩断裂的时间匹配关系控制着油气的富集量. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地中东部三叠系、侏罗系露头区裂缝体系展布特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
通过对研究区内三叠系、侏罗系露头区裂缝(节理)的观察与统计,对鄂尔多斯中东部地区三叠系、侏罗系裂缝体系的展布特征进行了研究,并分析了裂缝体系形成的构造应力场背景。研究表明在中新生代不同时期构造应力场及其联合作用的控制下,研究区裂缝体系中一组通常为压剪性质,而另一组多为张剪性质,区内NE向和NNE向裂缝体系多具张剪性质。裂缝体系主要发育于脆性岩层当中,且以垂直裂缝(节理)最发育,在某一确定地区裂缝带成对出现,并相互交切,共同组成平面X型共轭剪节理。 相似文献
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The surface and near-surface geology, geomorphology and natural resources of Kuwait have been reviewed based on the published work. The stratigraphy and structure of the near-surface sediments of Kuwait have been mainly controlled by the Tertiary tectonic activity of the Arabian Shield. The shield started separating from the African mainland by the close of the Eocene and drifted northeastward towards the Asian plate, giving rise to the folding and thrusting of the Zagros Mountains of Iran. The tectonic activity superimposed a northwest–southeast trend over an earlier north–south structural trend, and gave rise to parallel ridges and valleys trending northwest–southeast through differential erosion. It has been possible to identify 15 geomorphic zones and 11 morphostructures from analysis of the surface features of Kuwait. Seven of these morphostructures can be attributed to tectonic processes and two to fluvial processes. It has not been possible, however, to explain satisfactorily the origin of the Jal Az-Zor escarpment or the Ad-Dalmaniyah cliff. The whole of Kuwait can be divided into seven drainage zones. Of these, the internal drainage systems of the Ar-Raudhatain-Umm Al-Aish drainage system and the Ad-Dibdibba drainage system are hydrogeologically most important. The clastic deposits of Kuwait Group sediments, often affected by low-temperature carbonate (calcite and dolomite) and sulfate (gypsum) precipitation, form the surface rock of Kuwait. These are covered by recent aeolian and residual deposits; playa deposits in the enclosed basins; and near the coast, oolitic sediments, beach sands and sabkha deposits. The surface and near-surface deposits of Kuwait contain important reserves of construction sand and gravel as well as the only naturally occurring freshwater reserves of the country. An understanding of the nature of these surface deposits is required for the management of environmental issues like sand encroachment, land-use planning, and soil and groundwater pollution. 相似文献
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Investigation of the Upper Callovian to Lower Kimmeridgian microfossils from the Makar’yev reference section (Unzha River, East European Platform) has been carried out. The section is characterized by ammonite debris and abundant associations of benthic and planktic foraminifers. It is a perfect object for stratigraphic and paleoecological researches. The biostratigraphic distribution of foraminifers from the Makar’yev section allows one to identify standard foraminifera zones of the East European Platform, as well as to upgrade some of them. The analysis of vertical and lateral ammonites and foraminiferal distribution, completed with litho stratigraphy, has precised the stratigraphic volume and position of boundaries of several lithological units.An improved stratigraphic scheme for the Kostroma area of the Moscow Depression is proposed. Analysis of the composition, structure, and dynamic changes of the foraminiferal assemblages has been performed. The morphofunctional analysis of foraminiferal genera has for the first time identified how foraminiferal morphogroups differing in their life style and feeding strategy varied with short-term paleoenvironmental changes. These morphogroup changes allow establishing four ecostratigraphic levels. These paleoecological data have been calibrated along with geochemical factors. They have shown a crisis of foraminiferal association during the Late Oxfordian and Early Kimmeridgian. A similar crisis has also been discovered in the north of Siberia, which may be an argument for its global distribution. The analysis of the taxonomic composition and the density of foraminiferal associations, in parallel with the structure of the association, has revealed a succession of transgressive and regressive events during the Late Callovian-Early Kimmeridgian. It allows the typification of each assemblage in relation with each event and underlines the occurrence of second-order sea-level fluctuations (middle part of the Middle Oxfordian and the earliest Kimmeridgian). 相似文献
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Texture and grain size is of great importance in understanding the mechanical properties of rocks. The aim of this study was to investigate textural and slaking durability characteristics, and correlate them with the gypsum types where the dolines occurred, with particular reference to the texture and crystal size. The investigation comprised two stages: field work and laboratory testing. Initially, rock samples were obtained from various representative karstified and non-karstified locations. Thereafter, mineralogical, physical and slaking durability characteristics of the gypsum samples were determined by means of laboratory testing. After the field and laboratory works, the geological, mineralogical and slaking durability characteristics of the study area gypsum were reviewed and discussed from the point of view of doline formation. Results showed that fine grain sized alabastrine gypsum tends to be karstified and leads to doline formation. This is closely related to the crystal size, texture and attributable to the slaking durability of the gypsum. Consequently, the results demonstrate that the texture, especially crystal size, and effective porosity are important parameters controlling the slake durability of the gypsum and doline formation. 相似文献