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定向长钻孔是煤矿瓦斯、水害治理的主要技术手段,PDC定向钻头性能是影响坚硬地层钻进效率的重要因素。针对煤层顶底板岩层定向长钻孔施工中出现因PDC钻头体断翼、PDC崩齿等问题导致的频繁起下钻、施工效率低等现象,采用等切削布齿原则对刀翼布齿进行优化,有效降低切削齿冲击破坏;通过流体力学仿真分析,优化钻头水力参数,保证岩屑及时排出孔底,防止切削齿因重复破碎岩石导致过早损坏;通过仿真分析,优选大直径PDC异型齿,提高切削齿耐磨和抗冲击性能;引入表面增材制造技术,通过优化等离子(PTA)增材制造工艺参数,实现了兼具胎体耐磨耐冲蚀和钢体强韧性的WC基复合钻头体加工工艺。新研制的PDC定向钻头,在淮南顾桥煤矿北区底板探放水钻孔中进行了现场试验。结果表明:钻进致密、坚硬灰岩地层时,2只钻头寿命分别达到827、810 m,相对于以前的?120 mm胎体式定向钻头平均寿命300 m有较大幅度的提高,并降低了上下钻等辅助作业时间,提高了施工效率,达到了硬岩定向长钻孔提速增效的目标,为硬岩定向长钻孔用PDC钻头设计和制造工艺开发提供了新的解决方案。 相似文献
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对PDC钻头冠部形状及不同的布齿密度和切削齿在不同的磨损状态下对PDC钻头切削齿受力的影响进行了分析；用相邻的3个切削齿之间的关系(不同的切削齿与切削齿之间的径向距离和切削齿之间的高度差)来分析PDC钻头冠部形状和切削齿布齿密度对切削齿受力的影响，以及将切削齿的磨损状态简化成与切削齿在钻头上装配方向垂直的平面来分析切削齿磨损状态对切削齿受力的影响。 相似文献
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在PDC钻头切削齿磨损机理研究基础上，进行了现场试验。结果表明，PDC切削齿复合层厚度对金刚石钻头的寿命及机械钻速有较大影响，因而切削齿复合层厚度的选择在金刚石钻头优化设计中是非常重要的。 相似文献
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为了探究不同温度下PDC切削齿性能,以适应不同的钎焊温度,并合理选用外形来提高效率,从影响金刚石复合片（PDC）质量的主要参数:耐磨性、磨削时间、平稳性、抗冲击韧性等出发,对不同厂家、不同外形的PDC在受热前后的性能进行试验,同时比较了平面片、微弧片和弧面片性能上的差异。结果表明:随着温度的升高,磨耗比呈现出降低的趋势;加热到750℃后,PDC磨耗比降低约30%~50%,磨削时间增加,进尺变慢;当温度达到800℃时,磨耗比小于10万,冲击功小于100 J;PDC切削齿对温度的敏感度不同,可根据不同温度下的性能对其分级,以满足不同的钎焊温度的焊接;对于不同外形的PDC,平面片磨削时间短,磨削效率高,而微弧片和弧面片磨耗比略低,磨削时间长,但冲击韧性大大提高。因此,在制造PDC钻头的过程中合理选择PDC形状,并将不同性能的PDC用于钻头的不同部位,能够有效提高PDC钻头的寿命。 相似文献
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PDC钻头综合受力模型的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
模拟钻头上的切削齿的不同的切削断面形状、重叠切削状态及磨损状态,利用PDC切削齿对多种岩样进行了切削试验,研究了切削面积、接触弧长、切削齿后倾角、岩石抗钻强度、切削齿磨损高度等因素对PDC切削齿受力的影响规律。结果表明,切削面积相同情况下切削齿受力随接触弧长、岩石可钻性极值、切削齿磨损高度分别呈线性,幂函数和指数函数趋势变化;切削齿受力最小的后倾角在5～10°区间内。引入弧长系数、磨损高度系数,建立了PDC切削齿综合受力模型。根据力的平衡原理,推导得出完整的PDC钻头受力计算模型,为PDC钻头优化设计和合理使用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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近年来,非平面PDC切削齿,如浅凹面PDC齿、Stinger毒牙中心锥形齿、Stinger毒牙刀翼锥形齿、AxeBlade斧式脊形PDC齿和StayCool保持冷却PDC齿等制造的钻头,逐步在油气钻井中得到有效的应用。这些钻头能够以较高的钻进效率和工作寿命钻进某些硬岩和研磨性地层。为了满足水平钻井,特别在页岩气水平井中能够强力排除岩屑,并具有优良的钻井导向性能,国际著名公司推出了许多新型钻头,如ONXY Ⅱ矛式PDC钻头、Seeker导向PDC钻头、CounterForce反力PDC钻头、Speed快速PDC钻头等用于当代油气钻井,取得了良好的效果。文章还介绍了Defyer DPA套管钻头与CuttPro PDC防剪切保护帽。提出了以下建议：继续深入研究PDC钻头,以提高其性能,更好地满足油气钻井的要求;组合化钻头是油气钻头发展的重要趋势;比金刚石性能更好的钻头切削材料有可能今后发现或合成,可用于制作更佳钻井钻头;我国钻头企业需重组和发展状大;各种钻头技术创新应该加强。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献