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1.
BHT-Ⅱ型滑坡崩塌岩体推力监测系统的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章提出了一种用弹膜片和微弯调制机构进行压力传感,用光时域反射探测(OTDR)技术进行测量的分布式光纤压力传感方法.全面阐述了单模光纤微弯压力传感原理及对岩体推力进行监测的系统,对灵敏度和空间分辨率进行了分析、标定.该传感器具有高灵敏度、高空间分辨率、工程实用性好的特点,并进行了野外试验. 相似文献
2.
提出了一种用圆形弹膜片及微弯调制机构,进行滑坡崩塌岩体推力传感的分布式光纤传感系统以及一种不需双光路信号,就可减小光源波动及环境因素对测量的影响解调应力方法。推导出传感器的动态范围与分布个数的关系、传感器的灵敏度与应力的关系及瑞利后向散射光功率与应力的公式。建立起对岩体推力进行监测的试验系统。试验表明该传感器具有线性度好、重复性、准确度高及工程实用性好的特点。光纤传感器与其它类型的传感器相比,具有抗电磁干扰、结构简单、性能可靠、耐水性及电绝缘好、耐腐蚀;测量对象广泛,适用于多种物理量的监测;对待测场能够进行远距离、连续实时、分布式测量。因而在许多安全监测领域逐步受到人们的注意。分布式光纤压力传感器在桥梁、水利工程、建筑以及地质工程灾害监测中有着十分广泛的应用前景。其发展受到普遍的重视。目前高分辨率、高灵敏度的分布式光纤应力传感器多采用光相干方式,其光路结构复杂、调整难,工程实用性差。文中介绍的仪器为一种基于OTDR的分布式光纤压力传感器,具有较高的空间分辨率和测量灵敏度,工程实用性好。直接采用光纤应变传感器对滑坡、崩塌岩体、滑体推力进行监测,预测预报其灾害的发生,对滑坡、崩塌岩体防治工程监测,检测其施工质量,... 相似文献
3.
分布式光纤传感作为新兴技术已用于岩土体的变形监测,其中传感光纤与土体的变形耦合性能是重要的研究内容之一。文章设计了土条的三点弯曲试验,将传感光纤预埋在土条中,借助高空间分辨率OBR分布式光纤传感技术、激光位移传感器以及PIV摄影测量技术,对光纤与土体的变形耦合性能进行了分析讨论。结果表明:当土条变形较小时,土体与光纤耦合性能良好,传感光纤可以准确测量相应位置土体的应变分布情况;当变形较大时,传感光纤与土体将发生相对滑移,土体变形难以完全传递给传感光纤,光纤与土体的变形耦合性能随土体变形的增大逐渐降低。提出了采用应变传递系数表征纤-土的变形耦合性能。 相似文献
4.
《上海国土资源》2014,(4)
地面沉降具有变化缓慢、趋势多变和范围广等特点。当前的传统测量法(包括水准测量、基岩标和分层标测量等)和InSAR、GPS等主要方法的监测存在不持续、分辨率低、不适应高动态及监测精度有限等缺陷,无法满足高精度、长期自主持续监测的发展要求。集信息采集与传输为一体的分布式光纤传感技术,具有沿光纤链路一维空间连续感知和传输外界信号的特点,且无需外部供电和不存在检测盲区,为地面沉降的大范围、长期持续监测提供了新方法和新途径。本文通过深入分析各种典型的地面沉降与分布式光纤传感技术,提出基于分布式光纤传感物联网、大数据和云计算的系统架构,对地面沉降过程中发生的温度、应力等物理变化进行监测,并将持续的监测数据上传云计算平台,再通过深层的数据挖掘与分析,研判沉降机理和沉降规律,可以对地面沉降进行及时和广泛的预测。 相似文献
5.
为了解非饱和膨胀土在干湿循环过程中土体应变的状态、变化以及土体裂隙的发育规律,在室内设计了一个长150cm、宽10cm、高60cm的模型箱,将传感光纤分4组按不同深度埋入土中,每组传感光纤包括4种类型,采用高空间分辨率的分布式光纤应变测量技术PPP-BOTDA,对干湿循环过程中土体的应变状态进行了监测。试验发现:埋深较浅的光纤受到裂隙发育的影响,在空间上,光纤应变状态呈现不均匀的拉压分布;在时间上,随着土体含水率的降低,裂隙区域的光纤应变呈现出先压缩后拉伸的变化规律,而且光纤应变变化同总裂隙张开度具有一定的相关性;随着光纤埋藏深度的加深,由于受土体裂隙的影响减小,光纤应变分布较为均匀;吸湿过程中,土体裂隙逐渐闭合,裂隙区域光纤应变由拉伸状态转变为压缩状态,而裂隙两侧区域光纤应变逐渐转变为拉伸状态。结果表明,通过PPP-BOTDA技术可以反映膨胀土干湿过程中土体的应变状态,并对土体裂隙进行准确的定位,从而为土体变形监测及灾害评价提供了新的技术手段。 相似文献
6.
光纤测试技术是将光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器用光纤连成一串,通过构建多点光栅测试系统实现传感,它具有精度高、抗干扰能力强、空间分辨率高和连续数据采集等特点。将光纤光栅传感技术应用到原型玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）抗浮锚杆受力测试中,同步测试了锚杆杆体-锚固体界面、锚固体-周围岩土体界面以及锚固体内的应变,实现GFRP抗浮锚杆多界面全长受力测试。测试结果表明,光纤光栅传感技术能准确记录拉拔过程中GFRP抗浮锚杆各界面的应变变化,揭示锚杆杆体-锚固体界面、锚固体内、锚固体-周围岩土体界面的轴向应力和剪应力分别随荷载水平和锚固深度变化的分布规律,但不同界面处荷载的传递深度和剪应力沿深度的影响范围有所差异。该测试技术和传感器埋设工艺有众多优势,在岩土工程科学研究与工程应用领域具有广阔的前景。 相似文献
7.
基于BOTDR技术的深埋岩溶土洞监测分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩溶洞穴发育成地表塌陷影响因素复杂。为了获得岩溶土洞监测标识区域的应力特征,在太沙基松动土压力理论基础上,对岩溶土洞发育历程中松动区竖向土压力进行了分析。松动区的空间位置由洞穴特征及其上方岩土介质的物理、力学性质决定;平面应变和非平面应变条件下,松动区竖向土压力的分布特征差异明显。根据岩溶土洞上方松动区竖向土压力的分布特征,结合BOTDR技术优点,提出应用BOTDR技术监测岩溶土洞的发育,针对光纤监测系统设计中光纤布线型式进行了分析。岩溶土洞应力场变化特征的定量研究对光纤传感技术应用于岩溶土洞监测设计提供理论依据和指导。 相似文献
8.
山体破坏和发展过程可以看作为裂纹扩展的过程,为了解决山体微裂缝变形动态监测问题,研究了一种薄盒式岩体裂缝光纤传感器,文中给出了其结构设计,并对该薄盒式岩体裂缝光纤传感器的性能进行了位移和压力两项室内试验研究,同时还对相应的二次仪表进行了研究与试验,结果表明：所研究的薄盒式岩体裂缝光纤传感器,具有可靠、实用和高灵敏度等特点,对于山体或其它裂缝工程体（如水坝）的变形发展、失稳的机理研究和早期预报,将是一种良好的传感监测设备,具有较好的工程应用价值。 相似文献
9.
近年来分布式光纤感测技术在岩土与地质工程领域的应用研究已成为一个研究热点,但工程实践表明,埋入式传感光纤与被测岩土体之间的变形协调性会对监测结果产生显著的影响,该问题一直制约着光纤感测技术在工程监测中的推广。本文通过一系列室内拉拔试验,对比了3种预埋于砂土中的单模光纤在不同上覆压力的作用下的拉拔力-拉拔位移曲线,并建立了一个用于描述光纤-砂土界面力学性质的三段式的拉拔模型,分析峰值拉拔力、残余拉拔力、有效拉拔位移和残余拉拔位移4个参数在不同上覆压力作用下的变化情况。分析结果揭示传感光纤-砂土界面的力学特性和应力传递规律,为分布式光纤传感技术在岩土体变形监测中的应用,尤其在变形监测光纤的选用标准方面,提供了参考依据。 相似文献
10.
面向地震综合观测需要,自主研制了窄线宽光纤光栅谐振腔,并将其作为核心传感元件,发展了一种基于有效腔长的光纤应变、地震波和温度多参量同步测量新方法。采用边带扫频激光技术实现了高精度多参量光纤信号同步解调,研制出了光纤地壳形变、地震与温度多参量探头,并开展了多参量地震综合观测实验。实验结果表明,所研制的光纤多参量传感系统应变与温度测量分辨率分别达到4.7×10^-10和6×10^-5℃,能够同时记录到清晰的固体潮汐信号、地震波信号以及环境温度扰动,有望为多参量地震同步观测提供先进的技术手段。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献